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Thinking about Development

Thinking about Development

Bjorn Hettne

(2009)

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Book Details

Abstract

This book is a concise and accessible introduction to development thinking, contemporary development theory and practice and - a critical analysis of the values that lie behind them. Hettne argues that schools of development thinking should be historically contextualized, not presented as evolving towards a universal theory. The book will present development as an 'essentially contested concept', that has meant a number of things at various times to different people in different places. Focusing on historical discourses from the initial colonial encounters through to the modern day, Hettne draws the connections between the enlightenment belief in 'progress' through to the more recent focus on the Millennium Development Goals. The first volume in the 'Development Matters' series this book provides the key frame for the series as a whole, enabling readers to locate texts on themes such as environmental justice, technology and development learning within a broader historical, conceptual and political context than the immediate policy and output needs of neoliberalism.
Bjorn Hettne is Professor Emeritus of Peace and Development Studies at Gothenburg University. His main research has been in India, and he has written a large number of books and articles on development theory, global regionalism, international relations, the development-security nexus, as well as Europe and the world order.
'This scholarly yet accessible and clearly-written book should be read by everyone with an interest in current global issues. Rescuing critical development thinking from the 'cul de sac' of the post-developmentalists, Hettne argues that a concept of global development remains central to the rethinking and restucturing of international relationships if we are to engage fully with the demands of an emerging multipolar world order.' David Lewis, London School of Economics and Political Science 'Thinking about Development is a clear and concise introduction to the idea of development from one of the most established scholars in the field. Looking at past and present Hettne forces us to think about possible future scenarios. This is essential reading for those new to development thinking and practice as well as a great refresher for those who feel disconnected from the bigger picture that global development represents.' Jelke Boesten, University of Leeds 'Bjorne Hettne's timely and compelling book puts development into a much needed historical perspective with a forceful and convincing interpretation of development in the past and in today's global era. A must read for all development scholars and practitioners who take seriously the need to bring the insights of development studies to what Hettne rightly argues is required today - new global social theory.' Wendy Harcourt Editor of 'Development'

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Prelims\r ii
About the series ii
About the author ii
Preface vi
INTRODUCTION | Development Studies and Development Thinking 1
1 | Theoretical Framework 8
Development and history 8
Modernity 11
Development and values 13
Development and security 19
2 | The ‘Original Transition’ 24
Traditional society 25
Rise of Westphalia 28
The first nation-state 29
Contested ‘transitions’ 30
3 | The Pursuit of Freedom 35
Origins of the liberal creed 36
The Marquis de Condorcet 37
Enlightened development 40
A discursive struggle 42
4 | The Modernization Imperative 45
Industrialize or perish! 47
Theory and ideology of capitalism 49
The Communist Manifesto 52
Theories of imperialism 54
Doubts about development 55
Marxism and populism 56
5 | Planning in ‘Dark Times’ 58
Development problems 59
Development in a totalitarian age 61
The Soviet model 62
Hitler and Stalin 64
Keynes, the free-trade sceptic 65
Crisis of modernity 66
6 | The Geopolitics of Poverty 69
Thinking about world order 70
Development and bipolarity 73
Birth of development studies 78
Rostow’s model as development ideology 80
Alternative theory 83
7 | Globalization and Disorder 85
Development and globalism 86
What is globalization? 88
Neo-liberalism vs neo-conservatism 93
The politics of identity 94
Restoring order 98
8 | In Search of Global Development 102
Global challenges 103
Interventions and global governance 105
Global governance 107
US foreign policy 109
The Beijing Consensus 115
Global development 116
The Millennium Declaration values 122
CONCLUSION | Towards Global Social Theory? 124
Notes 136
Recommended Reading 138
Index 145