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The Rise of the BRICS in Africa

The Rise of the BRICS in Africa

Doctor Padraig Carmody

(2013)

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Book Details

Abstract

A little over a decade ago Africa was being spoken of in the media as the 'lost' or 'hopeless' continent. Now it has some of the fastest growing economies in the world, largely because of the impact of the BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. In this first book to be written about the BRICS as a collective phenomenon, Pádraig Carmody reveals how their engagements with Africa, both individually and collectively, are often contradictory, generating new inequalities and potential for development. Crucially, Carmody shows how the geopolitics of the BRICS countries' involvement in Africa is impacted by and impacts upon their international relations more generally, and how the emergence of these economies has begun to alter the very nature of globalization, which is no longer purely a Western-led project. This is a path-breaking examination of Africa's changing role in the world.
'This is an excellent and bold book. The author provides both detailed evidence and well-honed judgement in entering several controversial areas and providing balanced insights and a platform for proper debate - without hysteria and mythologization.' Stephen Chan, editor of The Morality of China in Africa 'The role of emerging economies has been acknowledged as playing an important role in diversifying Africa's international relations and thus granting Africa new and exciting possibilities. Emblematized by the BRICS, a great deal of excitement has been generated to suggest that not only is Africa on the up but that this is taking place within a global context where we are on the cusp of radically changing the global order, one that will be favourable to the developing world. With the BRICS being cast as playing leading roles in such processes, Pádraig Carmody's book critically interrogates the nature and implications for Africa of the BRICS, situating his study within a wider analysis of the processes associated with globalization. This is an important analysis and required reading for all those interested in the future of Africa's international relations.' Ian Taylor, author of The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation 'This book is an excellent and concise primer for students of international relations and African Studies interested in understanding the evolving global power shift and Africa's place within it. By carefully deconstructing the acronym BRICS, Carmody expose its limitations as an analytical tool for understanding structural change, and then proceeds to provide important pointers on how Africa should respond to the challenge posed by the increasing influence of Brazil, Russia, India and China on Africa's development.' Fantu Cheru, co-editor of The Rise of China and India in Africa 'A well-researched and highly readable analysis of the BRICS in Africa' - Oliver Stuenkel in Post-Western World
Pádraig Carmody lectures in development geography at Trinity College Dublin, from which he holds both a BA in geography and history and an MSc in geography. He completed his PhD in geography at the University of Minnesota in 1998. Subsequently he taught at the University of Vermont, Dublin City University and St Patrick's College, Drumcondra. He also worked as a policy and research analyst for the Combat Poverty Agency in 2002/3. His research centres on the political economy of globalization in Africa.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
About the author i
Title iii
Copyright iv
Contents v
Abbreviations vi
Acknowledgements viii
1 Introduction: new models of globalization 1
Why the BRICS? 2
Globalization, translocalization and the rise of the BRICS in Africa 5
Table 1.1 Nature of flows from the BRICS 8
The changing governance context: the creation of South Space 10
Cultural political economy and the BRICS 18
2 China: globalization and the rise of the state? 22
The rise of the Chinese state 22
Globalization and the state 24
Chinese geo-governance 26
Historical geographies of power: Chinese engagement in Zambia 28
Figure 2.1 Selected Chinese-built projects in Zambia 30
The Chambishi Multi-Facility Economic Zone (MFEZ) and its impacts on governance 32
‘Reliable in politics, perfect in technique, and good at [a] tough fight’: ‘soft power’ projects in Zambia 38
Chinese entrepreneurial projects and the state 41
Chinese structural power in Zambia 42
The globalization of the Chinese state in Zambia 44
3 South Africa: another BRIC in the wall? 47
South African interests in Africa 47
Dimensions of influence: what makes South Africa a major economic and political power on the continent? 49
Channels of South African impact on sub-Saharan Africa 51
Table 3.1 South Africa’s developmental impacts in sub-Saharan Africa 52
South African touristic and agricultural investment 54
‘The Great Trek North’: South African media and information and communication technology companies 55
Table 3.2 Knowledge economy indicators: South Africa compared to OECD countries 57
Markets, minerals and migrants: South Africa’s regional economic impacts 58
The rise of the south in Africa: ‘South African’ geo-goverance in sub-Saharan Africa 62
Future trends: the merger of South African and Chinese geogovernance? 66
The future of South African geo-governance 68
4 India: the geo-logics of agro-investments 71
Food, fuel and life wars 72
The geo-logics of Indian land grabbing in Africa 74
Seeing like an (under)developmental state? The political logic and impacts of Indian land grabbing in Ethiopia 78
(Re)globalizing the underdevelopment of capitalism in Africa 86
5 Russia: unalloyed self-interest or reflections in the mirror? 90
The fall and rise of Russia 90
The history of Afro-Russian relations 95
Russian interests in Africa 97
Table 5.1 Selected Russian companies operative in Africa 102
(Re)constructing Russia in and through Africa 102
Authoritarian aid and arms to Africa? 105
Table 5.2 Russian arms exports to Africa (US$ millions) 106
Reflecting on the mirror 107
6 Brazil: globalizing solidarity or legitimizing accumulation? 109
Global Brazil and Africa 110
The geopolitics of Afro-Brazilian relations 114
Brazilian economic engagements with Africa 118
Table 6.1 Selected Brazilian enterprises in Africa by name, industry and destination country 120
The veiling of Vale? 123
Brazilian aid initiatives in Africa 127
The domestic politics of Brazil’s Africa strategy 129
The rise of Brazil in Africa? 130
7 Conclusion: governance and the evolution of globalization in Africa 133
Governance and the contradictions of South Space 134
Notes 142
Bibliography 146
Index 170