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Al-Qaeda

Al-Qaeda

Doctor Christina Hellmich

(2011)

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Abstract

Since the attacks of September 11th 2001 and up to and beyond Osama bin Ladin's death, al-Qaeda has come to embody the new enigmatic face of terrorism, dominating discussions of national and international security. Yet in spite of the attention it receives, conflicting assumptions about the group abound. Is al-Qaeda a rigidly structured organization, a global network of semi-independent cells, a franchise, or simply an idea whose time has come? What is meant by talk of the ‘global Salafi jihad’ that is confronting the West? What are the implications of bin Ladin's death? Christina Hellmich offers a critical examination of the widely-held notions regarding the origins and manifestations of al-Qaeda and the sources on which they rely, mapping the organisation’s alleged transition from what began as a regional struggle against the Soviets in Afghanistan to the increasingly leaderless jihad of the post-9/11 world. Rather than just providing yet another biography of al-Qaeda, Hellmich forensically examines discrepancies between the most common explanations and to the limits of what can realistically be known. Drawing on a wide variety of sources, 'al-Qaeda: From Global Network to Local Franchise' offers a penetrating insight into an organization which, for all its notoriety, is one of the least-understood of our time.
Christina Hellmich is Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Reading.
'A comprehensive book filled with fresh material.' Time Out 'A sensible, sharp, reasoned, comprehensive overview of analysis of modern Islamic militancy and discussion of the nature of the phenomenon of al-Qaeda.' Jason Burke, author of al-Qaeda: The True Story of Radical Islam 'If you think you know anything at all about al-Qaeda or simply want an accessible introduction to the subject, this book is a must-read. For the novice and expert alike, Al-Qaeda by Christina Hellmich is currently the best book in the very large field of al-Qaeda studies. An eloquent and incisive deconstruction of the mythology surrounding al-Qaeda and a trenchant critique of the contradictions at the heart of Western security policy, Christina Hellmich delivers an intelligent and balanced assessment of perhaps the most misunderstood group in the world.' Richard Jackson, Aberystwyth University, UK 'Undermines many of the widely held assumptions about al-Qa'ida.' Nelly Lahoud, Associate Professor, Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, West Point

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
About the series\r i
About the author ii
Acknowledgements vii
1 | 9/11 and the anxious search for answers 1
2 | What is al-Qaeda? From Afghanistan to 9/11 21
1986–91: the ‘birth’ of al-Qaeda 22
1992–96 : al-Qaeda in Sudan and Afghanistan 39
1996–2001: ‘gaining strength’ 46
Rethinking the analysis of al-Qaeda’s structure 56
3 | Hypocrites, Wahhabis and Salafi jihadis: post-9/11 explanations of al-Qaeda’s ideology 61
Explaining the ideology of al-Qaeda in the shadow of the ‘war on terror’ 63
Towards an 'Islamic' explanation of al-Qaeda: the Wahhabi debate 68
Al-Qaeda: ‘The vanguard of the global Salafi jihad’ 72
Towards the ideology at the centre of al-Qaeda 80
4 | Reclaiming the umma: the ideology of al-Qaeda in the context of the pan-Islamic tradition 82
Listening to Osama bin Ladin 85
Explaining the appeal of bin Ladin 89
The separation of ‘religion’ and ‘politics’ and the ideal of Muslim unity 93
The competition for sacred authority 99
Defending Islam: an individual duty 105
Reclaiming the umma: the origins of pan-Islamic sentiment 107
Towards pan-Islamic unity or bitter fragmentation? 112
5 | Al-Qaeda post-9/11: destroyed, weakened or re-emergent? 114
Al-Qaeda: between conflicting assumptions? 115
‘Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula’: evidence of al-Qaeda’s (re)emergence? 127
AQAP: ‘compartmentalized and hierarchical’? 129
AQAP in Yemen: one of many troubles 137
Yemen’s uneasy role in the war against terror 141
Rethinking the threat of AQAP in Yemen 145
The resurgence of al-Qaeda? 149
6 | The future of Al-Qaeda 152
Notes 169
to Chapter 1\r 169
to Chapter 2 172
to Chapter 3 177
to Chapter 4 182
to Chapter 5 186
to Chapter 6 194
Bibliography 196
Index 207
About Zed Books\r 213