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Book Details
Abstract
The mineral-rich mountains of Tibet so far have been largely untouched by China’s growing economy. Nor has Beijing been able to settle Tibet with politically reliable peasant Chinese. That is all about to change as China’s 12th Five-Year Plan, from 2011 to 2015, calls for massive investment in copper, gold, silver, chromium and lithium mining in the region, with devastating environmental and social outcomes.
Despite great interest in Tibet worldwide, Spoiling Tibet is the first book that investigates mining at the roof of the world. A unique, authoritative guide through the torrent of online posts, official propaganda and exile speculation.
Gabriel Lafitte has spent years living with Tibetans, in exile and in Tibet. Based in Australia, he researches the impacts of Chinese policies on the Tibetan Plateau, and regularly trains young Tibetan professional environmentalists and advocates. Decades of immersion in Tibetan culture, and a dozen journeys around China, have given him an insider/outsider perspective on two great civilizations in conflict. He is an experienced public policy adviser with expertise in development, biodiversity and resource management policy. He has authored numerous reports, submissions and a 2006 book on the Dalai Lama's teachings Happiness in a Material World.
'This is not just a simple book on minerals and mines in Tibet. It is the first serious study of the subject. It is also a book that tackles the issue of Tibet's sacred mountains, which are at present being badly damaged by the development of mines. At a time when Tibetans are fighting to save their physical environment as well as their religious landscape from destruction, an informative book such as this is most welcome. Written in a comprehensive and lively style, it sheds light on Chinese policies regarding Tibet's minerals resources. It is a must read for anyone interested in Tibet and in the fragility of the environment.'
Katia Buffetrille, École Pratique des Hautes Études, co-editor of Authenticating Tibet: Answers to 100 China Questions and editor of Revisiting Rituals in a Changing Tibetan World
'Spoiling Tibet contains a fascinating wealth of information about mining in contemporary Tibet. Bringing reflections on the relationship between landscape and enlightenment together with analyses of capital flight, primitive accumulation, and the dynamics of Chinese state capitalism in an era of globalization, the book is packed full of often counter-intuitive insights. Lafitte highlights the voices of Tibetans who are excluded from decision-making and object to environmentally destructive mining, while also arguing that to date, China has not exploited Tibetan minerals as much as commonly presumed.'
Emily T. Yeh, Associate Professor, University of Colorado at Boulder
'Gabriel Lafitte is one of the few analysts wtih a profound knowledge of the extent and impacts of mineral exploitaiton in Tibet. This book is a vital reference point for anyone inerested in the future of Tibet.'
Isabel Hilton, editor of chinadialogue.net
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
About the Author | ii | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Contents | v | ||
Preface | vi | ||
Maps of Tibet and China | viii | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
Four key minerals, four modes of production | 4 | ||
Geologists as guerrillas of socialist construction | 6 | ||
Perspectives: global, national, Tibetan | 10 | ||
Nation-building through mining | 14 | ||
A note on sources | 17 | ||
1 Tibet in its own right | 19 | ||
Mining old Tibet | 21 | ||
The land of Tibet: foreground of enlightenment | 25 | ||
Roiling the gods | 28 | ||
Modern imaginaries of Tibet | 35 | ||
‘Both sky and earth belong to the government’ | 36 | ||
Mining into history | 38 | ||
Extraction and distraction: twin pillars of China’s Tibet | 39 | ||
Enriching whom? | 40 | ||
Tibetan resistance | 41 | ||
‘I don’t know if they really have permission’ | 42 | ||
Tibet’s territorial charisma | 45 | ||
Becoming the mountain | 49 | ||
2 Gold rush in Tibet | 53 | ||
Surface wounds | 53 | ||
Gold rush and rent-seeking | 54 | ||
Tibetan voices | 55 | ||
‘Suwa village did not receive even one yuan’ | 57 | ||
Chewing the land for gold | 58 | ||
Death in Amchok | 59 | ||
Gold, caterpillar fungus and sheep | 59 | ||
Government is the problem | 60 | ||
‘You can see the dust floating in the air’ | 62 | ||
‘Locals tried hard to stop the mining’ | 64 | ||
‘There used to be foxes and wolves on the hill’ | 68 | ||
Bringing the state back in | 69 | ||
‘They didn’t receive any compensation’ | 70 | ||
‘All the workers are Chinese’ | 73 | ||
Unstoppable degradation | 75 | ||
‘No one consulted our village’ | 76 | ||
Impacts and consequences | 77 | ||
‘That driver drove into the protestors and broke the legs of three or four people’ | 79 | ||
‘This mountain is the property of the local government.No trespassers’ | 80 | ||
The resource curse | 82 | ||
Conflict minerals and Tibetan resistance | 84 | ||
Resistance at the sacred mountain | 85 | ||
Tilting the plateau | 87 | ||
The Sioux, the Kazakhs and the Tibetans | 90 | ||
3 Reach of the revolutionary state | 92 | ||
The Tsaidam/Qaidamu Basin | 92 | ||
Revolutionary oil | 94 | ||
China’s nuclear power, uranium and Tibet | 96 | ||
Colonizing the Tibetan desert | 97 | ||
Protests in Dzogang | 99 | ||
Minerals boom on the new frontier | 100 | ||
4 Chromite globalization | 103 | ||
Protests end in death | 104 | ||
Chrome-plated modernity | 105 | ||
Norbusa/Luobusa | 107 | ||
China’s searoads lead to chrome | 109 | ||
China’s chromers | 111 | ||
Chroming your next car made in China | 113 | ||
Chromium and health | 115 | ||
Yellow water – hexchrome contamination | 117 | ||
China eats the world | 118 | ||
Gold panning | 120 | ||
5 Capitalizing on Tibet: privatizing the treasure house | 122 | ||
Lithium and the snow li-ion | 123 | ||
Molybdenum and the trade wars of resource nationalism | 125 | ||
Compulsory modernity: gold-mining corporations move into Tibet | 127 | ||
Dachang: gold in the alpine desert of Tibet | 130 | ||
Kumbum Monastery | 136 | ||
6 Intensive exploitation | 139 | ||
Planning the industrialization of Tibet | 139 | ||
Tibet work: industrializing the TAR | 140 | ||
Overriding the provinces: recentralizing power | 146 | ||
Inventing Tibet work | 148 | ||
If development is the answer, then what is the question? | 150 | ||
A new master plan for Tibet | 156 | ||
‘Songtsen Gampo’s hometown is about to be completely excavated’ | 169 | ||
Conclusion | 175 | ||
China’s new rulers | 175 | ||
Tibetan voices | 177 | ||
Unbundled modernity | 177 | ||
Notes | 186 | ||
Further reading on Tibet | 196 | ||
Index | 198 | ||
About Zed Books | 206 |