Menu Expand
Biofuels and the Globalization of Risk

Biofuels and the Globalization of Risk

Professor James Smith

(2010)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Biofuels and the Globalization of Risk offers a fresh, compelling analysis of the politics and policies behind the biofuels story, with its technological optimism and often-idealized promises for the future. This essential new critique argues that investment in biofuels may reconfigure risk and responsibility, whereby the global South is encouraged to invest its future in growing biofuel crops, often at the expense of food, in order that the global North may continue its unsustainable energy consumption unabated and guilt-free. Thus, Smith argues, biofuels may constitute the biggest change in North-South relationships since colonialism.
James Smith is co-director of and a senior lecturer in the Centre of African Studies at the University of Edinburgh. He is also a director at the ESRC Innogen Research Center at Edinburgh and a visiting fellow in development policy and practice at the Open University. He has worked with many international organizations and research centers including Oxfam, DFID, IDRC and the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research.
'This is a revolutionary body of work that analyses the allure of biofuels from a global, historical and political perspective.' Judi Wakhungu, African Centre of Technology Studies 'James Smith has produced an incredibly important book for anyone interested in why global investment in biofuels continues to expand at breakneck speed despite the technology’s current inherent inability to make any significant impact on energy security or green house gas emissions.' Simon Trace, Practical Action 'I strongly recommend the reading of this book, for the expert and non-expert and politicians. If biofuels are to play an important role in our energy future, it is imperative we address all questions including uncomfortable ones, as Smith has done in this book.' Frank Rosillio-Calle, Imperial College

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
About the author i
Acknowledgements vi
Acronyms vii
ONE | Introduction: perfect storms 1
Biofuelled futures 3
Globalizing technology and risk 7
Global assemblages 9
Organization of the book 13
TWO | Science: biofuels, yesterday and tomorrow 15
Energy revolution redux 15
Biofuels – early history 16
Biofuels 101 17
Brazil and bioethanol 21
Biofuels and the United States 24
Jatropha and India 27
Tanzania, land and biofuels 30
Later-generation biofuels 34
The black box of biorefineries 36
From the past to the future 38
THREE | Systems: complexity and knowledge 41
Capturing complexity 41
Setting boundaries 42
Life-cycle analyses 43
Dealing with uncertainties 45
‘Energy return on investment’ 46
Flawed analyses 48
Emissions and land-use change 50
Opportunity costs: indirect land-use change 53
Limited data and flawed accounting 54
Complexities of certification 56
Connecting biofuels and food security 58
Limits to knowledge, unlimited implications? 62
FOUR | Synergy: networks and interests 65
Assembling biofuels 65
Energy and (over)development 66
Beyond oil 68
The sustained failure of agriculture 69
Actors, discourses and debates 70
Actors and networks 72
FIVE | Scale: solutions and risks 97
Global–local dialectics 97
Can biofuels be pro-poor? 98
Indonesia, Malaysia and oil palm planting 102
Malian small-scale solutions? 105
Kenya – striking a balance 108
Scale and perspective 111
The global reach of biofuels 114
SIX | Sustainability? The globalization of risk 116
Scale and scope 116
Causes and effects 117
Assembling biofuels 121
Science 123
Systems 124
Synergy 125
Scale 127
Sustainability? 129
The globalization of risk 130
Notes 132
Bibliography 135
Index 145