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A Liberal Peace?

A Liberal Peace?

Susanna Campbell | Professor David Chandler | Meera Sabaratnam

(2011)

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Book Details

Abstract

Moving beyond the binary argument between those who buy into the aims of creating liberal democratic states grounded in free markets and rule of law, and those who critique and oppose them, this timely and much-needed critical volume takes a fresh look at the liberal peace debate. In doing so, it examines the validity of this critique in contemporary peacebuilding and statebuilding practice through a multitude of case studies - from Afghanistan to Somalia, Sri Lanka to Kosovo. Going further, it investigates the underlying theoretical assumptions of liberal peacebuilding and statebuilding, as well as providing new theoretical propositions for understanding current interventions. Written by some of the most prominent scholars in the field, alongside several new scholars making cutting edge contributions, this is an essential contribution to a rapidly growing interdisciplinary area of study.
'This book provides a much-needed reflection on the debate on 'liberal peace'. Rather than close the debate, it seeks to chart ways forward.' - Mahmood Mamdani, author of 'Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics and the War on Terror' 'This excellent collection makes an important contribution to debates about international peacebuilding, and in particular the role of liberal democracy, free market economics, and externally-driven models of the state and society. It reflects the latest 'critical' perspectives, and yet it is constructive and balanced. It also goes beyond the standard 'liberal peacebuilding' debates in order to provide genuinely new thinking. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in these topics.' - Edward Newman, Department of Political Science and International Studies, University of Birmingham 'Finally a book where the contributors enter into a genuine dialogue about the 'liberal peace', its conceptualizations, its practical applications, and the very assumptions underlying the debate itself. This book offers a state of the art collection of different positions on the liberal peace problematic and is an essential instrument for scholars and students of international intervention.' - Laura Zanotti, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Virginia Tech
Susanna Campbell is a Research Fellow at the Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding at The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. She has fourteen years of experience researching peacebuilding interventions, and has written numerous publications on the subject, including those published by the Council on Foreign Relations, International Alert, International Crisis Group, International Peacekeeping, and the Journal of Peacebuilding and Development, and has contributed to several United Nations publications. David Chandler is Professor of International Relations, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Westminster, London, UK. He is the founding editor of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. His recent books include International Statebuilding: The Rise of Post-Liberal Governance (Routledge, 2010) and Hollow Hegemony: Rethinking Global Politics, Power and Resistance (Pluto, 2009). Meera Sabaratnam is a PhD candidate in the Department of International Relations at the London School of Economics, with previous degrees from Balliol College, Oxford and the LSE. Her current research applies postcolonial theoretical approaches to a critical appraisal of the liberal peace in Mozambique. She has formerly edited Millennium: Journal of International Studies and currently teaches a Masters' course on Conflict and Peace Studies. She is co-editor of the collection Interrogating Democracy in World Politics (Routledge, 2011).

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
About the Editors ii
About the Contributors vii
Introduction: The Politics of Liberal Peace 1
Chapter Breakdown 5
Conclusion 8
Bibliography 9
PART I Introducing the Debate 11
1 The Liberal Peace? An Intellectual History of International Conflict Management, 1990–2010 13
UN Peacebuilding, the Early Years: From Social Justice to State Collapse 14
Managing Global Chaos? The Emergence of a Field 16
Institutionalisation: The Turn to Governance, Responsibility and Transitional Administration 18
Turbulent Peace? Reconciliation and Healing in the Wake of Conflict 19
Questioning the Liberal Peace: Ideology, Hegemony and (Dys)functions 21
Leashing the Dogs of War! 9/11 and Statebuilding Reloaded 23
The ‘Liberal Peace’ Debate as Meta-critique 25
Conclusion: Looking Back and Thinking Ahead 26
Notes 27
Bibliography 27
2 Critiques of Liberal Peace 31
Introduction 31
The Pendulum Swing: From Exuberance to Denigration 33
Critiquing the Critiques 39
Conclusion 46
Notes 47
Bibliography 48
PART II Not Such a ‘Liberal’ Peace? Rethinking Intervention 53
3 The Effects of Peacebuilding: Sovereignty, Patronage and Power 55
Introduction 55
Omnipotent External Actors? 56
Sovereignty, Patronage and Power 61
Conclusion 65
Bibliography 66
4 The Liberal Peace: A Tough Sell? 69
Introduction 69
Table 4.1 Major multinational peacebuilding missions after 1989 and post-war democratic transitions 70
Notes 85
Bibliography 86
5 Routine Learning? How Peacebuilding Organisations Prevent Liberal Peace 89
Introduction 89
Constructive Critiques and the Importance of Organisational Adaptation and Learning 90
The Complexity of Adaptation and Learning 93
Conclusion 101
Notes 102
Bibliography 102
6 Promoting Women’s Rights in Afghanistan: The Ambiguous Footprint of the West 106
Introduction 106
Background 107
The Ambiguous Western Footprint 114
Empowering Anti-liberal Forces 114
Accountability to ‘Home’ Audiences vs. Afghan Activists 116
Polarisation of the Political Climate 116
The Impact of the Aid System: NGOisation and Fragmentation of Lawmaking 118
Conclusion 119
Notes 120
Bibliography 120
7 Neither Liberal nor Peaceful? Practices of ‘Global Justice’ by the ICC 121
Introduction 121
The Domestic Analogy and the ICC 123
The Inapplicability of the Domestic Analogy 125
The ICC in Practice: The Uganda Case 129
What the ICC Does Not Do 133
Notes 136
Bibliography 136
8 Civil Society beyond the Liberal Peace and its Critique 138
Introduction 138
Liberal Peace and Civil Society 139
Civil Society as Seen by the Critics of the Liberal Peace 143
Table 8.1 Comparing civil society functions in statebuilding and peacebuilding 145
Conclusions: Civil Society beyond the Liberal Peace and its Critics 150
Notes 151
Bibliography 151
PART III Rethinking the Critique: What Next? 157
9 Alternatives to Liberal Peace? 159
Introduction 159
Liberals in Disguise? 160
Is There an Alternative to Liberal Peacebuilding? 162
Conclusion: Saving Liberal Peacebuilding 167
Notes 170
Bibliography 170
10 The Uncritical Critique of ‘Liberal Peace’ 174
Introduction 174
The ‘Power-based’ Critique 176
The ‘Ideas-based’ Critique 178
A ‘Critical’ Consensus? 180
International Statebuilding and the Critique of Liberalism 181
Too Liberal? 184
Beyond the Critique of the Liberal Peace? 185
Conclusion 187
Notes 188
Bibliography 188
11 A Reality Check for the Critique of the Liberal Peace 191
Introduction 191
Critiques of the Liberal Peace and their Limitations 194
Liberal Peacebuilding or State Transformation? 197
Intervention and the Consolidation of Authoritarian Rule in Cambodia 202
Conclusion 205
Bibliography 206
12 Hybrid Peace: How Does Hybrid Peace Come About? 209
Introduction 209
Hybridity 210
Hybridisation 212
Hybridisation in Action 217
Concluding Discussion 222
Bibliography 223
13 Resistance and the Post-Liberal Peace 226
Introduction 226
Sites of Knowledge for Peace 228
The Implications of the Everyday 231
Resistance and Post-liberal Peace 235
Conclusion: The Infrapolitics of Peacebuilding 238
Notes 240
Bibliography 241
14 Situated Critiques of Intervention: Mozambique and the Diverse Politics of Response 245
Introduction 245
Critiques of the (Neo)liberal Peace 246
Situated Revolt: Intellectual Inversion, Immanent Critique and Creativity in Anti-colonial Protest 251
Exploring the Case of Mozambique and the ‘Liberal Peace’ 252
Situating Critiques in Mozambique 254
Conclusions 260
Notes 261
Bibliography 263
Index 265