BOOK
Salters Horners A level Physics Student Book 2
Elizabeth Swinbank | Jonathan Allday | Christina Astin | Hovan Catchatoor | Ian Francis | Author
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Salters Horners A level Physics Student Book 2
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| How to use this book | vii | ||
| Working as a physicist | ix | ||
| Chapter 1: Transport on Track | 2 | ||
| 1 Getting on track | 4 | ||
| 1.1 Tunnel trains | 4 | ||
| 1.2 Tram systems | 5 | ||
| 2 Stopping and starting | 7 | ||
| 2.1 The technical challenge of Eurostar | 7 | ||
| 2.2 Moving theory | 8 | ||
| Summing up Part 2 | 13 | ||
| 3 Electrical systems on track | 14 | ||
| 3.1 Trams and trains | 14 | ||
| 3.2 Motors | 15 | ||
| 3.3 Braking | 22 | ||
| 3.4 Summing up Part 3 | 30 | ||
| 4 Sensing speed | 31 | ||
| 4.1 Inductive speed sensors | 32 | ||
| 4.2 Timing | 32 | ||
| 4.3 Summing up Part 4 | 38 | ||
| 5 Structure and safety | 39 | ||
| 5.1 How safe is the Channel Tunnel? | 39 | ||
| 5.2 Forces in collisions | 39 | ||
| 5.3 Energy in collisions | 43 | ||
| 5.4 Coming together | 45 | ||
| 5.5 Summing up Part 5 | 45 | ||
| 6 Running a railway | 46 | ||
| 6.1 How safe is safe? | 46 | ||
| 7 Link the Learning: Journey’s end | 49 | ||
| 7.1 on track | 49 | ||
| 7.2 Questions on the whole chapter | 50 | ||
| 7.3 Achievements | 53 | ||
| Chapter 1 Answers | 54 | ||
| Chapter 2: The Medium is the Message | 62 | ||
| 1 Sensing and sending information | 64 | ||
| 1.1 Sensing the situation | 64 | ||
| 1.2 Fibre-optic cables | 65 | ||
| 1.3 Attenuation | 67 | ||
| 1.4 Summing up Part 1 | 70 | ||
| 2 Making an image | 71 | ||
| 2.1 Charge-coupled devices | 71 | ||
| 2.2 Energy and capacitors | 74 | ||
| 2.3 Summing up Part 2 | 75 | ||
| 3 On display | 76 | ||
| 3.1 Light-emitting diode displays | 77 | ||
| 3.2 Liquid-crystal displays | 79 | ||
| 3.3 Shine a light | 87 | ||
| 3.4 Cathode-ray tube | 90 | ||
| 3.5 Plasma screens | 93 | ||
| 3.6 Summing up Part 3 | 95 | ||
| 4 Link the Learning: Message received | 96 | ||
| 4.1 Delivering the message | 96 | ||
| 4.2 Questions on the whole chapter | 97 | ||
| 4.3 Achievements | 101 | ||
| Chapter 2 Answers | 102 | ||
| Chapter 3: Probing the Heart of Matter | 106 | ||
| 1 In the beginning | 108 | ||
| 1.1 Very large and very small | 108 | ||
| 2 Theories of everything | 109 | ||
| 2.1 Ideas in cosmology | 109 | ||
| 2.2 Building blocks | 110 | ||
| 2.3 Fundamental forces and interactions | 113 | ||
| 2.4 Anti-matter | 115 | ||
| 2.5 Particle reactions | 120 | ||
| 2.6 History of the universe | 123 | ||
| 2.7 Summing up Part 2 | 126 | ||
| 3 Towards the standard model | 127 | ||
| 3.1 The discovery of the atomic nucleus | 127 | ||
| 3.2 Electrical forces | 130 | ||
| 3.3 Force fields | 135 | ||
| 3.4 Collisions | 136 | ||
| 3.5 Particle diffraction | 139 | ||
| 3.6 Summing up Part 3 | 143 | ||
| 4 Particle beams and accelerators | 144 | ||
| 4.1 Big experiments | 144 | ||
| 4.2 Achieving high energy | 146 | ||
| 4.3 Circular motion | 152 | ||
| 4.4 Steering and tracking charged particles | 157 | ||
| 4.5 Summing up Part 4 | 161 | ||
| 5: Link the Learning: On target | 162 | ||
| 5.1 Big ideas | 162 | ||
| 5.2 Questions on the whole chapter | 162 | ||
| 5.3 Achievements | 165 | ||
| Chapter 3 Answers | 167 | ||
| Chapter 4: Build or Bust? | 172 | ||
| 1 Earthquakes | 174 | ||
| 1.1 Shaking the Earth | 174 | ||
| 1.2 Seismology | 176 | ||
| 1.3 Summing up Part 1 | 185 | ||
| 2 Shaken not stirred | 186 | ||
| 2.1 Free and forced oscillations | 186 | ||
| 2.2 A useful type of oscillation | 191 | ||
| 2.3 Earthquake waves revisited | 200 | ||
| 2.4 Build it better – Summing up Part 2 | 203 | ||
| 3 Design for living | 206 | ||
| 3.1 Damping the motion | 206 | ||
| 3.2 Other ways to reduce earthquake damage | 210 | ||
| 3.3 Summing up Part 3 | 212 | ||
| 4 Keeping buildings warm or cool | 213 | ||
| 4.1 Energy and temperature change | 213 | ||
| 4.2 Thermal energy transfer processes | 215 | ||
| 4.3 Energy and phase change | 218 | ||
| 4.4 Summing up Part 4 | 222 | ||
| 5 Link the Learning: Rebuilding | 226 | ||
| 5.1 Building up knowledge | 226 | ||
| 5.2 Questions on the whole chapter | 227 | ||
| 5.3 Achievements | 230 | ||
| Chapter 4 Answers | 231 | ||
| Chapter 5: Reach for the Stars | 238 | ||
| 1 In the beginning | 240 | ||
| 1.1 Big questions | 240 | ||
| 2 Cosmic measuring tapes | 241 | ||
| 2.1 Astronomical units | 241 | ||
| 2.2 Size and distance within the Solar System | 242 | ||
| 2.3 Stellar parallax | 243 | ||
| 2.4 Brightness and distance | 245 | ||
| 2.5 Luminosity and temperature | 248 | ||
| 2.6 Standard candles | 255 | ||
| 2.7 Summing up Part 2 | 256 | ||
| 3 The Sun and the Solar System | 257 | ||
| 3.1 Dating the Solar System | 257 | ||
| 3.2 What fuels the Sun? | 269 | ||
| 3.3 Summing up Part 3 | 275 | ||
| 4 Stars | 276 | ||
| 4.1 Heavenly bodies in motion | 276 | ||
| 4.2 Star formation | 288 | ||
| 4.3 Evolution and end points – Summing up Part 4 | 301 | ||
| 5 The story of our Universe | 307 | ||
| 5.1 Taking on the biggest question in science | 307 | ||
| 5.2 Was there a Big Bang? | 312 | ||
| 5.3 Riding through time | 318 | ||
| 5.4 Into the future | 322 | ||
| 5.5 Summing up Part 5 | 329 | ||
| 6 Link the Learning | 330 | ||
| 6.1 Big ideas | 330 | ||
| 6.2 Questions on the whole chapter | 330 | ||
| 6.3 Achievements | 334 | ||
| Chapter 5 Answers | 336 | ||
| Practical Skills | 348 | ||
| 1 Scientific questions and information research | 348 | ||
| 1.1 State the scientific problem to be investigated | 348 | ||
| 1.2 Research relevant information | 348 | ||
| 1.3 Give details of your sources | 349 | ||
| 2 Planning and experimental design | 349 | ||
| 2.1 Identify the variables to be measured and controlled | 349 | ||
| 2.2 Describe the experimental apparatus and methodology | 349 | ||
| 2.3 Identify sources of systematic and random error | 350 | ||
| 2.4 Identify safety issues, discuss how to reduce risk and complete a risk assessment | 350 | ||
| 3 Carrying out practical work safely and ethically | 350 | ||
| 3.1 Carry out the experiment following correct procedures and with appropriate safety precautions | 350 | ||
| 3.2 Make measurements and record data in an appropriate format using suitable precision | 351 | ||
| 4 Analysis and interpretation of data | 351 | ||
| 4.1 Process, analyse and display data using appropriate mathematical, ICT and statistical techniques | 351 | ||
| 4.2 Plot a graph and use it to derive further information | 351 | ||
| 5 Conclusion and evaluation | 352 | ||
| 5.1 State a conclusion based on experimental evidence | 352 | ||
| 5.2 Use appropriate scientific knowledge to explain your conclusion and comment on its validity | 352 | ||
| Maths notes | 353 | ||
| 0 Signs and symbols | 353 | ||
| 0.1 Equations and comparisons | 353 | ||
| 0.2 The delta symbol | 353 | ||
| 0.3 Summation | 353 | ||
| 1 Index notation | 354 | ||
| 1.1 Index notation and powers of 10 | 354 | ||
| 1.2 Standard form | 354 | ||
| 1.3 Combining powers | 354 | ||
| 1.4 Manipulating powers on a calculator | 355 | ||
| 1.5 Powers that are not whole numbers | 356 | ||
| 2 Units | 356 | ||
| 2.1 Units and physical quantities; graphs and tables | 356 | ||
| 2.2 Manipulating units; index notation and units | 357 | ||
| 2.3 Derived units | 358 | ||
| 2.4 SI prefixes | 358 | ||
| 2.5 Dimensions | 359 | ||
| 3 Arithmetic and algebra | 359 | ||
| 3.1 Fractions, decimals and percentages | 359 | ||
| 3.2 Brackets and common factors | 360 | ||
| 3.3 Reciprocals | 361 | ||
| 3.4 Algebra and elimination | 362 | ||
| 3.5 Adding and subtracting fractions | 362 | ||
| 4 Solving equations | 363 | ||
| 4.1 Rearranging an equation | 363 | ||
| 4.2 Simultaneous equations | 363 | ||
| 5 Relationships and graphs | 364 | ||
| 5.1 Graphs and proportionality | 364 | ||
| 5.2 Linear relationships | 365 | ||
| 5.3 Gradient of a linear graph | 365 | ||
| 5.4 Inverse proportionality | 366 | ||
| 5.5 Testing mathematical relationships | 367 | ||
| 6 Trigonometry and angular measurements | 367 | ||
| 6.1 Degrees and radians | 367 | ||
| 6.2 Sine, cosine and tangent of an angle | 368 | ||
| 6.3 Graphs of trigonometric functions | 369 | ||
| 6.4 Inverse sin, etc. | 369 | ||
| 6.5 Trigonometry on a calculator | 369 | ||
| 6.6 The small angle approximations | 371 | ||
| 7 Measurement and uncertainty | 372 | ||
| 7.1 Experimental measurements | 372 | ||
| 7.2 Calculations with uncertainties; significant figures | 373 | ||
| 7.3 A useful rule of thumb | 374 | ||
| 7.4 Significant figures and orders of magnitude | 374 | ||
| 7.5 Combining uncertainties | 374 | ||
| 7.6 Error bars and error boxes | 375 | ||
| 7.7 Uncertainties and graphs | 376 | ||
| 8 Logarithms | 376 | ||
| 8.1 Logs and powers of 10 | 376 | ||
| 8.2 Logs on a calculator | 377 | ||
| 8.3 Logs, multiplication and division | 377 | ||
| 8.4 Logs and powers | 378 | ||
| 8.5 Logs to other bases; natural logs | 378 | ||
| 8.6 Using log scales | 379 | ||
| 8.7 Using log graphs | 380 | ||
| 9 Exponentials | 382 | ||
| 9.1 Exponential changes | 382 | ||
| 9.2 Exponential functions | 382 | ||
| 9.3 Exponentials and logs | 384 | ||
| Index | 385 |