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Book Details
Abstract
Specialty Imaging: Temporomandibular Joint offers expert insight into modern imaging of the temporomandibular joint by employing a multifaceted, multispecialty viewpoint of this difficult to understand joint. Image-rich content combines with easy-to-read text, bringing together the clinical perspectives and imaging expertise of today's research specialists.
- Includes extensive, in-depth explanations of the underlying mechanisms of normal vs. abnormal temporomandibular joints and how those present on radiographic imaging.
- Provides coverage of hot topics such as understanding the temporomandibular joint through biomechanical engineering, structure/function of the temporomandibular joint in normal and pathologic joints, and clinicoradiological correlation of temporomandibular joint findings.
- Details anatomic and functional interrelationships in conjunction with radiology.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover\r | Cover | ||
| Specialty Imaging: Temporomandibular Joint | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Table of Contents | xvi | ||
| DEDICATIONS | v | ||
| CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS | vi | ||
| PREFACE | xi | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | xiii | ||
| SECTIONS | xv | ||
| SECTION 1: Understanding the TMJ | 3 | ||
| Growth and Development | 4 | ||
| Chapter 1.\rEmbryology and Fetal Development of the Face and Neck | 4 | ||
| GENERAL CONCEPTS | 4 | ||
| NOSE, LIPS, AND PALATE | 4 | ||
| MANDIBLE AND EARS | 4 | ||
| EYES | 4 | ||
| LYMPHATICS | 5 | ||
| EMBRYOLOGY OF COMMON ANOMALIES | 5 | ||
| Chapter 2. TMJ Embryology | 14 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 14 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 14 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 14 | ||
| Chapter 3. TMJ Effect on Facial Growth | 16 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 16 | ||
| CRANIOFACIAL GROWING PARTS | 16 | ||
| GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT | 16 | ||
| MAXILLOFACIAL SKELETAL MORPHOLOGY | 17 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 17 | ||
| Chapter 4. TMJ Effect on Upper Airway Morphology | 26 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 26 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 27 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 27 | ||
| EMBRYOLOGY | 28 | ||
| GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT | 28 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 28 | ||
| Function and Biomechanics | 32 | ||
| Chapter\r5. Occlusion and Orthopedic Stability | 32 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 33 | ||
| TOOTH POSITION, ALIGNMENT, &\rRELATIONSHIPS | 33 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 34 | ||
| Chapter\r6. Condylar Motions Related to Jaw Function | 40 | ||
| Introduction | 40 | ||
| Opening and Closing | 40 | ||
| Protrusion, Retrusion, and Laterotrusion | 40 | ||
| Chewing and Bruxism | 41 | ||
| Motion-Dependent TMJ Loading | 41 | ||
| Conclusion | 42 | ||
| Selected References | 42 | ||
| Chapter\r7. TMJ Biomechanics and Structure of the Mandibular Condyle | 46 | ||
| Introduction | 46 | ||
| A Primer on Biomechanics | 46 | ||
| Mandibular Condyle | 46 | ||
| Selected References | 48 | ||
| Chapter\r8. Structure and Function of the TMJ Disc and Disc Attachments | 50 | ||
| The TMJ Disc | 50 | ||
| Attachments | 51 | ||
| Summary | 52 | ||
| Selected References | 52 | ||
| Chapter\r9. Modeling and Remodeling of TMJ and Mandible | 54 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 54 | ||
| MECHANOBIOLOGICAL FACTORS | 54 | ||
| ADAPTATIONS | 54 | ||
| TMJ REMODELING | 54 | ||
| MANDIBLE MODELING | 55 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 55 | ||
| SECTION 2:\rAnatomy | 66 | ||
| TMJ | 68 | ||
| Chapter\r10. TMJ Osseous Components | 68 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 68 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 69 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 69 | ||
| Chapter\r11. TMJ Disc/Fibrocartilage | 80 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 80 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 80 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 80 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 80 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 80 | ||
| Chapter\r12. TMJ Capsule and Ligaments | 86 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 86 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 86 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 86 | ||
| Chapter\r13. TMJ Histology and Synovial Fluid Composition | 90 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 90 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 90 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 91 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 91 | ||
| Chapter\r14. TMJ Innervation | 94 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 94 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 94 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 94 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 94 | ||
| Chapter\r15. TMJ Vasculature | 96 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 96 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 96 | ||
| AVASCULAR NECROSIS | 96 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 97 | ||
| Muscles | 100 | ||
| Chapter\r16. Muscles of Mastication | 100 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 100 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 100 | ||
| Chapter\r17. Muscles of Facial Expression | 102 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 102 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 102 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 102 | ||
| Chapter\r18. Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Neck | 108 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 108 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 108 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 108 | ||
| Chapter\r19. Tongue | 120 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 120 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 120 | ||
| Chapter\r20. Posterior Cervical Muscles | 124 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 124 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 124 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 124 | ||
| Jaws | 128 | ||
| Chapter\r21. Mandible | 128 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 128 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 128 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 128 | ||
| Chapter\r22. Maxilla | 134 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 134 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 134 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 135 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 135 | ||
| Chapter\r23. Teeth | 140 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 140 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 140 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 141 | ||
| Temporal Bone | 146 | ||
| Chapter\r24. Temporal Bone | 146 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 146 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 146 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 146 | ||
| Chapter\r25. Intratemporal Facial Nerve | 162 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 162 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 162 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 162 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 162 | ||
| Skull Base | 172 | ||
| Chapter\r26. Skull Base Overview | 172 | ||
| Imaging Approaches & Indications | 172 | ||
| Imaging Anatomy | 172 | ||
| Skull Base Foramina/Fissures & Contents | 172 | ||
| Embryology | 172 | ||
| Approaches to Skull Base Imaging Issues | 173 | ||
| Selected References | 173 | ||
| Chapter\r27. Anterior Skull Base | 178 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 178 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 178 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 178 | ||
| Chapter\r28. Central Skull Base | 184 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 184 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 184 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 184 | ||
| Chapter\r29. Posterior Skull Base | 190 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 190 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 190 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 190 | ||
| Cranial Nerves Related to TMJ | 200 | ||
| Chapter\r30. Cranial Nerves Overview | 200 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 200 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 200 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 200 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 200 | ||
| Chapter\r31. Trigeminal Nerve (CNV) | 212 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 212 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 212 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 212 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 212 | ||
| Chapter\r32. Facial Nerve (CNVII) | 224 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 224 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 224 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 224 | ||
| Chapter\r33. Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CNIX) | 232 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 232 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 232 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 232 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 232 | ||
| Chapter\r34. Vagus Nerve (CNX) | 238 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 238 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 238 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 238 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 238 | ||
| Chapter\r35. Accessory Nerve (CNXI) | 244 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 244 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 244 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 244 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 244 | ||
| Chapter\r36. Hypoglossal Nerve (CNXII) | 248 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 248 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 248 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 248 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 248 | ||
| Cervical Spine and Others | 254 | ||
| Chapter\r37. Cervical Spine | 254 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 254 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 254 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 254 | ||
| Chapter\r38. Craniocervical Junction | 272 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 272 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 272 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 272 | ||
| Chapter\r39. Styloid Process and Stylohyoid Ligament | 282 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 282 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 282 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 282 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 282 | ||
| Chapter\r40. Hyoid Bone | 286 | ||
| GROSS ANATOMY | 286 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 286 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 286 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 287 | ||
| EMBRYOLOGY | 287 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 287 | ||
| Upper Respiratory Tract | 292 | ||
| Chapter\r41. Sinonasal Overview | 292 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 292 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 292 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 292 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 292 | ||
| Chapter\r42. Nasopharynx and Oropharynx | 306 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 306 | ||
| IMAGING ANATOMY | 306 | ||
| ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES | 306 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 306 | ||
| SECTION 3: Modalities Used for TMJ Imaging | 313 | ||
| Introduction and Overview | 314 | ||
| Chapter\r43. Imaging Decision Making | 314 | ||
| Importance of Clinical Examination | 314 | ||
| To Image or Not? | 314 | ||
| What Kind of Imaging? | 314 | ||
| Selected References | 315 | ||
| Hard Tissue Imaging | 316 | ||
| Chapter\r44. Plain Film Imaging | 316 | ||
| PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY | 317 | ||
| TRANSCRANIAL RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTION | 317 | ||
| TOWNE (SEMIAXIAL) RADIOGRAPHIC\rPROJECTION | 317 | ||
| SUBMENTOVERTEX RADIOGRAPHIC\rPROJECTION | 318 | ||
| LATERAL CEPHALOMETRIC RADIOGRAPHY | 318 | ||
| CONVENTIONAL TOMOGRAPHY | 318 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 318 | ||
| Chapter\r45. Arthrography | 322 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 323 | ||
| CONSIDERATIONS FOR TMJ ANALYSIS | 323 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 323 | ||
| ADVANTAGES | 323 | ||
| LIMITATIONS | 323 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 323 | ||
| Chapter\r46. Introduction to CBCT Imaging | 324 | ||
| History and Development | 324 | ||
| Principles of CBCT Image Production | 324 | ||
| Image Quality | 325 | ||
| Factors Affecting CBCT Image Quality | 325 | ||
| Density Values in CBCT | 326 | ||
| Selected References | 326 | ||
| Chapter\r47. CBCT Analysis of TMJ | 332 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 333 | ||
| ANATOMY-BASED IMAGING ISSUES | 333 | ||
| IMAGING PITFALLS | 333 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 333 | ||
| Chapter\r48. Radiation Dose in CBCT | 336 | ||
| Radiation Risk | 336 | ||
| Radiation Dosimetry | 336 | ||
| Factors That Affect CBCT Radiation Dose | 336 | ||
| Effect of Radiation Dose on Image Quality | 337 | ||
| Selected References | 337 | ||
| Chapter\r49. Introduction to MDCT Imaging | 340 | ||
| History and Development | 340 | ||
| Principles of MDCT Image Production | 340 | ||
| Factors That Affect MDCT Image Quality | 340 | ||
| Radiation Dose in MDCT | 341 | ||
| Selected References | 342 | ||
| Soft Tissue Imaging | 346 | ||
| Chapter\r50. Introduction to MR Imaging | 346 | ||
| Introduction | 346 | ||
| MR Imaging System Hardware | 346 | ||
| Nuclear Magnetic Resonance | 346 | ||
| Anatomy of MR Imaging Pulse Sequence | 346 | ||
| Mechanisms of Contrast in MR Imaging | 347 | ||
| Spatial Resolution | 348 | ||
| Signal:Noise Ratio and Acquisition Time | 348 | ||
| Summary | 348 | ||
| Chapter\r51. Quantitative MR of Cartilage and Implications for TMJ Imaging | 354 | ||
| Introduction | 354 | ||
| Essential Principles of qMRI | 354 | ||
| Relationship of qMRI Properties to Functional\rProperties of Cartilage | 354 | ||
| Correlations Between qMRI and Cartilage\rComposition | 354 | ||
| Correlations Between qMRI and Mechanical\rProperties | 355 | ||
| Clinical Applications of qMRI for Assessing\rCartilage Health | 356 | ||
| Challenges for Application of qMRI to TMJ\rImaging | 356 | ||
| Selected References | 356 | ||
| Chapter\r52. Arthroscopy | 358 | ||
| Terminology | 358 | ||
| Arthroscopic Correlation to TMJ MR Diagnostic\rFindings | 358 | ||
| Selected References | 358 | ||
| SECTION 4:\rDiagnoses | 364 | ||
| Clinical Presentation of TMD | 364 | ||
| Chapter\r53. Functional Disorders of Muscles | 366 | ||
| PROTECTIVE COCONTRACTION | 367 | ||
| LOCAL MUSCLE SORENESS | 367 | ||
| MYOSPASM | 368 | ||
| MYOFASCIAL PAIN | 368 | ||
| CHRONIC CENTRALLY MEDIATED MYALGIA | 369 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 369 | ||
| Chapter\r54. Intracapsular Disorders of TMJ | 372 | ||
| DERANGEMENTS OF CONDYLE-DISC\rCOMPLEX | 373 | ||
| STRUCTURAL INCOMPATIBILITIES OF\rARTICULAR SURFACES | 374 | ||
| ARTHRITIDES | 376 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 376 | ||
| Chapter\r55. Correlation of Clinical Symptoms to Radiographic Findings | 380 | ||
| EQUILIBRIUM OF STOMATOGNATHIC\rSYSTEM | 381 | ||
| DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE PROCESS | 381 | ||
| JOINT SOUNDS | 382 | ||
| RANGE OF MOTION | 382 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 382 | ||
| Congenital Conditions | 392 | ||
| Chapter\r56. Craniofacial Malformations and Syndromes Affecting the TMJ | 392 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 393 | ||
| CONDITIONS WITH MICROGNATHIA WITH\rHYPOPLASTIC OR ABSENT CONDYLE | 393 | ||
| CONDITIONS WITH LARGE MANDIBLE | 394 | ||
| CRANIOFACIAL MALFORMATION WITH\rINDIRECT EFFECT ON JAW | 394 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 394 | ||
| Chapter\r57. Hemifacial Microsomia | 404 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 405 | ||
| IMAGING | 405 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 405 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 405 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 405 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 405 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 405 | ||
| Chapter\r58. Treacher Collins Syndrome | 408 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 409 | ||
| IMAGING | 409 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 409 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 409 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 409 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 409 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 409 | ||
| Chapter\r59. Pierre Robin Sequence | 410 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 411 | ||
| IMAGING | 411 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 411 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 411 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 411 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 411 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 411 | ||
| Developmental Conditions | 414 | ||
| Chapter\r60. Condylar Hypoplasia | 414 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 415 | ||
| IMAGING | 415 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 415 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 415 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 415 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 415 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 415 | ||
| Chapter\r61. Condylar Hyperplasia | 418 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 419 | ||
| IMAGING | 419 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 419 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 420 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 420 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 420 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 420 | ||
| Chapter\r62. Coronoid Hyperplasia | 424 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 425 | ||
| IMAGING | 425 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 425 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 425 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 425 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 425 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 425 | ||
| Chapter\r63. Hemimandibular Elongation | 428 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 429 | ||
| IMAGING | 429 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 429 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 429 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 429 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 429 | ||
| Chapter\r64. Mandibular Salivary Gland Defect (Stafne) | 432 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 433 | ||
| IMAGING | 433 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 433 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 433 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 433 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 433 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 433 | ||
| Chapter\r65. Foramen Tympanicum | 436 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 437 | ||
| IMAGING | 437 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 437 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 437 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 437 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 437 | ||
| Trauma | 438 | ||
| Chapter\r66. TMJ Fracture, Adult and Neonatal | 438 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 439 | ||
| IMAGING | 439 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 439 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 439 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 439 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 439 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 439 | ||
| Chapter\r67. TMJ Dislocation | 444 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 445 | ||
| IMAGING | 445 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 445 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 445 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 445 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 445 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 445 | ||
| Chapter\r68. Bifid Condyle | 446 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 447 | ||
| IMAGING | 447 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 447 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 447 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 447 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 447 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 447 | ||
| Chapter\r69. Osteochondritis Dissecans | 450 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 451 | ||
| IMAGING | 451 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 451 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 451 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 451 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 451 | ||
| Inflammatory Conditions | 452 | ||
| Chapter\r70. Rheumatoid Arthritis | 452 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 453 | ||
| IMAGING | 453 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 453 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 453 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 454 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 454 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 454 | ||
| Chapter\r71. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis | 458 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 459 | ||
| IMAGING | 459 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 459 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 459 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 460 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 460 | ||
| Chapter\r72. Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis | 464 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 465 | ||
| IMAGING | 465 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 465 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 465 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 465 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 465 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 465 | ||
| Chapter\r73. Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis | 466 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 467 | ||
| IMAGING | 467 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 467 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 467 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 467 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 467 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 467 | ||
| Degenerative Conditions | 470 | ||
| Chapter\r74. Degenerative Joint Disease | 470 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 471 | ||
| IMAGING | 471 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 471 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 471 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 471 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 471 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 471 | ||
| Chapter\r75. Progressive Condylar Resorption | 474 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 475 | ||
| IMAGING | 475 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 475 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 475 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 475 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 475 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 475 | ||
| Chapter\r76. Synovial Cyst | 480 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 481 | ||
| IMAGING | 481 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 481 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 481 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 481 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 481 | ||
| Disc Derangement Conditions | 482 | ||
| Chapter\r77. MR Analysis of Normal TMJ Disc | 482 | ||
| Normal Disc Anatomy | 482 | ||
| Imaging Appearance of the Normal TMJ Disc | 482 | ||
| Disc Position | 482 | ||
| Image Acquisition | 483 | ||
| Dental Restorations and Orthodontic Brackets | 483 | ||
| Key Points for Optimal Acquisition and\rInterpretation | 483 | ||
| Selected References | 483 | ||
| Chapter\r78. Fine Structural Details of Disc and Posterior Attachment | 486 | ||
| Correlating Disc Composition to MR\rAppearance | 486 | ||
| MR Appearance of Fine Structural Details of the\rDisc | 486 | ||
| Posterior Attachment | 486 | ||
| Fine Structural Changes With Disc Displacement | 486 | ||
| Fine Structural Changes in Chronically Displaced\rDiscs | 487 | ||
| Selected References | 487 | ||
| Chapter\r79. Overview of Disc Displacements | 490 | ||
| Introduction | 490 | ||
| Types of Disc Displacement | 490 | ||
| Direction of Disc Displacement | 490 | ||
| Internal Derangement | 490 | ||
| Selected References | 490 | ||
| Chapter\r80. Disc Displacement With Reduction | 496 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 497 | ||
| IMAGING | 497 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 497 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 497 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 498 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 498 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 498 | ||
| Chapter\r81. Disc Displacement Without Reduction | 502 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 503 | ||
| IMAGING | 503 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 504 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 504 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 504 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 504 | ||
| Chapter\r82. Joint Fluid and Marrow Alterations | 508 | ||
| JOINT FLUID ALTERATION | 509 | ||
| BONE MARROW ALTERATIONS | 509 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 509 | ||
| Chapter\r83. Adhesions | 514 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 515 | ||
| IMAGING | 515 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 515 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 515 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 515 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 515 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 515 | ||
| Acquired Conditions | 516 | ||
| Chapter\r84. Dual Bite | 516 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 517 | ||
| IMAGING | 517 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 517 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 517 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 517 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 517 | ||
| Chapter\r85. Fibrous Ankylosis | 522 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 523 | ||
| IMAGING | 523 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 523 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 523 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 523 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 523 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 523 | ||
| Chapter\r86. Bony Ankylosis | 524 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 525 | ||
| IMAGING | 525 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 525 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 525 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 525 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 525 | ||
| Chapter\r87. Osteoradionecrosis | 526 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 527 | ||
| IMAGING | 527 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 527 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 527 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 527 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 527 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 527 | ||
| Tumor-Like Lesions | 530 | ||
| Chapter\r88. Primary Synovial Chondromatosis | 530 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 531 | ||
| IMAGING | 531 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 531 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 531 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 532 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 532 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 532 | ||
| Chapter\r89. Secondary Synovial Chondromatosis | 534 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 535 | ||
| IMAGING | 535 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 535 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 535 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 535 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 535 | ||
| Chapter\r90. Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition | 536 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 537 | ||
| IMAGING | 537 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 537 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 537 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 538 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 538 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 538 | ||
| Benign Neoplasms | 540 | ||
| Chapter\r91. Osteochondroma | 540 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 541 | ||
| IMAGING | 541 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 541 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 541 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 541 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 541 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 541 | ||
| Chapter\r92. Osteoma | 546 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 547 | ||
| IMAGING | 547 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 547 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 547 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 547 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 547 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 547 | ||
| Malignant Neoplasms | 548 | ||
| Chapter\r93. Chondrosarcoma | 548 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 549 | ||
| IMAGING | 549 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 549 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 549 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 550 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 550 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 550 | ||
| Chapter\r94. Osteosarcoma | 552 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 553 | ||
| IMAGING | 553 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 553 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 553 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 553 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 553 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 553 | ||
| Chapter\r95. Metastasis | 554 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 555 | ||
| IMAGING | 555 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 555 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 555 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 555 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 555 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 555 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 556 | ||
| Chapter\r96. Simple Bone Cyst | 556 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 557 | ||
| IMAGING | 557 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 557 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 557 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 557 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 557 | ||
| Chapter\r97. Aneurysmal Bone Cyst | 558 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 559 | ||
| IMAGING | 559 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 559 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 559 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 559 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 559 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 559 | ||
| Chapter\r98. Fibrous Dysplasia | 562 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 563 | ||
| IMAGING | 563 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 563 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 564 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 564 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 564 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 564 | ||
| Occlusal Stress-Related Conditions | 566 | ||
| Chapter\r99. Attrition | 566 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 567 | ||
| IMAGING | 567 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 567 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 567 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 567 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 567 | ||
| Chapter\r100. Abfraction | 568 | ||
| Chapter\r101. Hypercementosis | 569 | ||
| Chapter\r102. Alveolar Process Exostosis | 570 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 571 | ||
| IMAGING | 571 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 571 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 571 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 571 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 571 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 571 | ||
| Chapter\r103. Torus Mandibularis | 572 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 573 | ||
| IMAGING | 573 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 573 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 573 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 573 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 573 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 573 | ||
| Chapter\r104. Torus Palatinus | 574 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 575 | ||
| IMAGING | 575 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 575 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 575 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 575 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 575 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 575 | ||
| Oral Conditions\rAffecting/Mimicking TMD | 576 | ||
| Chapter\r105. Periapical Rarefying Osteitis | 576 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 577 | ||
| IMAGING | 577 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 577 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 578 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 578 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 578 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 578 | ||
| Chapter\r106. Oral Cavity Soft Tissue Infections | 580 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 581 | ||
| IMAGING | 581 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 581 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 582 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 582 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 582 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 582 | ||
| Chapter\r107. Osteomyelitis of the Jaw | 584 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 585 | ||
| IMAGING | 585 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 585 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 586 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 586 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 586 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 586 | ||
| Chapter\r108. Perineural Tumor Spread | 588 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 589 | ||
| IMAGING | 589 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 589 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 589 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 590 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 590 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 590 | ||
| TMD and Temporal Bone Abnormalities | 592 | ||
| Chapter\r109. Temporal Bone and Cervical Disorders Mimicking TMD | 592 | ||
| Introduction | 592 | ||
| Innervation | 592 | ||
| Tinnitus | 592 | ||
| Clinical Presentation of Common Temporal\rBone and Cervical Conditions Mimicking TMD | 593 | ||
| Selected References | 594 | ||
| Chapter\r110. Temporal Bone Anatomy and Imaging Issues | 600 | ||
| Temporal Bone, Second Half of TMJ | 600 | ||
| Imaging Techniques & Indications | 600 | ||
| Imaging Anatomy | 600 | ||
| Approaches to Imaging Issues of Temporal Bone | 601 | ||
| Clinical Implications | 602 | ||
| Chapter\r111. EAC Atresia | 606 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 607 | ||
| IMAGING | 607 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 607 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 607 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 608 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 608 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 608 | ||
| Chapter\r112. Necrotizing External Otitis | 610 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 611 | ||
| IMAGING | 611 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 611 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 611 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 611 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 611 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 611 | ||
| Chapter\r113. EAC Cholesteatoma | 612 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 613 | ||
| IMAGING | 613 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 613 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 613 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 613 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 613 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 613 | ||
| Chapter\r114. EAC Keratosis Obturans | 614 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 615 | ||
| IMAGING | 615 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 615 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 615 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 615 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 615 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 615 | ||
| Chapter\r115. EAC Medial Canal Fibrosis | 616 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 617 | ||
| IMAGING | 617 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 617 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 617 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 618 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 618 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 618 | ||
| Chapter\r116. EAC Osteoma | 620 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 621 | ||
| IMAGING | 621 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 621 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 621 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 621 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 621 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 621 | ||
| Chapter\r117. EAC Skin SCCa | 622 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 623 | ||
| IMAGING | 623 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 623 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 623 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 623 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 623 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 623 | ||
| Chapter\r118. EAC Basal Cell Carcinoma | 624 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 625 | ||
| IMAGING | 625 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 625 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 625 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 626 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 626 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 626 | ||
| Chapter\r119. Acute Otomastoiditis With Coalescent Otomastoiditis | 628 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 629 | ||
| IMAGING | 629 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 629 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 629 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 629 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 629 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 629 | ||
| Chapter\r120. Acute Otomastoiditis With Abscess | 630 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 631 | ||
| IMAGING | 631 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 631 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 632 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 632 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 632 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 632 | ||
| Chapter\r121. Pars Flaccida Cholesteatoma | 634 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 635 | ||
| IMAGING | 635 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 635 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 635 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 636 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 636 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 636 | ||
| Chapter\r122. Labyrinthitis | 638 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 639 | ||
| IMAGING | 639 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 639 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 639 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 639 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 639 | ||
| Chapter\r123. Temporal Bone Fractures | 640 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 641 | ||
| IMAGING | 641 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 641 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 642 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 642 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 642 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 642 | ||
| Chapter\r124. Temporal Bone Fibrous Dysplasia | 644 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 645 | ||
| IMAGING | 645 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 645 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 645 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 645 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 645 | ||
| Chapter\r125. Temporal Bone Perineural Parotid Malignancy | 646 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 647 | ||
| IMAGING | 647 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 647 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 647 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 648 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 648 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 648 | ||
| Chapter\r126. Postradiated Temporal Bone | 650 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 651 | ||
| IMAGING | 651 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 651 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 651 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 651 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 651 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 651 | ||
| Cervical Spine Abnormalities Mimicking TMD | 652 | ||
| Chapter\r127. Degenerative Arthritis of CVJ | 652 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 653 | ||
| IMAGING | 653 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 653 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 654 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 654 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 654 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 654 | ||
| Chapter\r128. Cervical Facet Arthropathy | 656 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 657 | ||
| IMAGING | 657 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 657 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 657 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 658 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 658 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 658 | ||
| Chapter\r129. Cervical Spondylosis | 660 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 661 | ||
| IMAGING | 661 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 661 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 661 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 662 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 662 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 662 | ||
| Chapter\r130. Ankylosing Spondylitis, Cervical Spine | 664 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 665 | ||
| IMAGING | 665 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 665 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 665 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 665 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 665 | ||
| Chapter\r131. Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cervical Spine | 668 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 669 | ||
| IMAGING | 669 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 669 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 670 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 670 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 670 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 670 | ||
| Chapter\r132. Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cervical Spine | 674 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 675 | ||
| IMAGING | 675 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 675 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 676 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 676 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 676 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 676 | ||
| Chapter\r133. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Cervical Spine | 680 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 681 | ||
| IMAGING | 681 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 681 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 682 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 682 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 682 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 682 | ||
| Chapter\r134. Ligamentous Injury | 684 | ||
| IMAGING | 685 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 686 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 686 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 686 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 686 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 686 | ||
| Chapter\r135. Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament | 688 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 689 | ||
| IMAGING | 689 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 689 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 689 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 690 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 690 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 690 | ||
| Chapter\r136. Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis | 692 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 693 | ||
| IMAGING | 693 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 693 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 693 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 694 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 694 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 694 | ||
| Chapter\r137. Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition, Cervical Spine | 696 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 697 | ||
| IMAGING | 697 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 697 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 698 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 698 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 698 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 698 | ||
| Chapter\r138. Longus Colli Calcific Tendinitis | 700 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 701 | ||
| IMAGING | 701 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 701 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 701 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 701 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 701 | ||
| Masticator Space Conditions | 704 | ||
| Chapter\r139. Masticator Space Overview | 704 | ||
| Summary Thoughts: Masticator Space | 704 | ||
| Imaging Techniques & Indications | 704 | ||
| Imaging Anatomy | 704 | ||
| Approaches to Imaging Issues of Masticator Space | 704 | ||
| Clinical Implications | 705 | ||
| Selected References | 705 | ||
| Chapter\r140. Pterygoid Venous Plexus Asymmetry | 708 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 709 | ||
| IMAGING | 709 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 709 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 709 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 709 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 709 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 709 | ||
| Chapter\r141. Benign Masticatory Muscle Hypertrophy | 710 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 711 | ||
| IMAGING | 711 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 711 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 711 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 711 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 711 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 711 | ||
| Chapter\r142. CNV3 Motor Denervation | 712 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 713 | ||
| IMAGING | 713 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 713 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 713 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 714 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 714 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 714 | ||
| Chapter\r143. Masticator Space Abscess | 716 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 717 | ||
| IMAGING | 717 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 717 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 718 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 718 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 718 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 718 | ||
| Chapter\r144. Masticator Space CNV3 Schwannoma | 720 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 721 | ||
| IMAGING | 721 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 721 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 721 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 721 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 721 | ||
| Chapter\r145. Masticator Space CNV3 Perineural Tumor | 722 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 723 | ||
| IMAGING | 723 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 723 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 724 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 724 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 724 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 724 | ||
| Chapter\r146. Masticator Space Chondrosarcoma | 726 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 727 | ||
| IMAGING | 727 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 727 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 727 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 728 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 728 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 728 | ||
| Chapter\r147. Masticator Space Sarcoma | 730 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 731 | ||
| IMAGING | 731 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 731 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 731 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 732 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 732 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 732 | ||
| Neurological Disorders | 734 | ||
| Chapter\r148. Bell Palsy | 734 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 735 | ||
| IMAGING | 735 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 735 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 735 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 736 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 736 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 736 | ||
| Chapter\r149. Hemifacial Spasm | 738 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 739 | ||
| IMAGING | 739 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 739 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 739 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 739 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 739 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 739 | ||
| Chapter\r150. Trigeminal Neuralgia | 740 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 741 | ||
| IMAGING | 741 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 741 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 741 | ||
| CLINICAL ISSUES | 741 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST | 741 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 741 | ||
| SECTION 5:\rRadiographic\rDifferential Diagnosis | 743 | ||
| Condylar Position | 744 | ||
| Chapter\r151. Anterior Condylar Position | 744 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 744 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 744 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 745 | ||
| Chapter\r152. Posterior Condylar Position | 750 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 750 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 750 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 751 | ||
| Chapter\r153. Superior Condylar Position | 756 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 756 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 756 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 757 | ||
| Chapter\r154. Inferior Condylar Position | 762 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 762 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 762 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 763 | ||
| Changes in Condylar and Coronoid Size | 768 | ||
| Chapter\r155. Small Condyle | 768 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 768 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 768 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 769 | ||
| Chapter\r156. Large Condyle | 774 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 774 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 774 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 775 | ||
| Chapter\r157. Large Coronoid Process | 778 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 778 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 778 | ||
| Condylar Erosion | 780 | ||
| Chapter\r158. Well-Defined Erosion | 780 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 780 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 780 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 781 | ||
| Chapter\r159. Poorly Defined Erosion | 786 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 786 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 786 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 787 | ||
| Changes in TMJ Density | 790 | ||
| Chapter\r160. TMJ Radiolucencies | 790 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 790 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 790 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 790 | ||
| Chapter\r161. TMJ Radiopacities | 792 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 792 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 792 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 793 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 796 | ||
| Chapter\r162. TMJ Soft Tissue Calcifications | 796 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 796 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 796 | ||
| Chapter\r163. Soft Tissue Calcifications, Head and Neck | 798 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 798 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 798 | ||
| SECTION 6:\rClinical Differential Diagnosis | 803 | ||
| Range of Motion | 804 | ||
| Chapter\r164. Limited Oral Opening | 804 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 804 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 804 | ||
| Chapter\r165. Hypermobility | 810 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 810 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 810 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 810 | ||
| Sounds | 812 | ||
| Chapter\r166. Joint Sounds | 812 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 812 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 812 | ||
| Chapter\r167. Tinnitus | 814 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 814 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 814 | ||
| Occlusion/Symmetry Changes | 820 | ||
| Chapter\r168. Asymmetry | 820 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 820 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 820 | ||
| Chapter\r169. Posterior Open Bite | 826 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 826 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 826 | ||
| Chapter\r170. Anterior Open Bite | 832 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 832 | ||
| ESSENTIAL INFORMATION | 832 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 833 | ||
| SECTION 7:\rImaging of TMJ Procedures | 839 | ||
| Orofacial Pain and TMJ Injections | 840 | ||
| Chapter\r171. TMJ Injection | 840 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 841 | ||
| PREPROCEDURE | 841 | ||
| PROCEDURE | 841 | ||
| POST PROCEDURE | 841 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 841 | ||
| Chapter\r172. Trigeminal Nerve Injection | 842 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 843 | ||
| PREPROCEDURE | 843 | ||
| PROCEDURE | 843 | ||
| POST PROCEDURE | 844 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 844 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 844 | ||
| TMJ Surgery | 846 | ||
| Chapter\r173. Total Joint Replacement | 846 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 847 | ||
| PREPROCEDURE | 847 | ||
| PROCEDURE | 847 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE | 847 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 847 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 847 | ||
| Chapter\r174. TMJ Disc Replacement | 856 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 857 | ||
| CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 857 | ||
| TYPES OF DISC REPLACEMENT | 857 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 857 | ||
| Chapter\r175. TMJ Arthroscopic Surgery Cascade | 858 | ||
| TMJ ARTHROSCOPIC SURGERY LEVELS\r(COMPLEXITY) | 859 | ||
| INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS | 859 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 859 | ||
| SELECTED REFERENCES | 859 | ||
| INDEX | I-i |