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PET/MRI: Clinical Applications, An Issue of PET Clinics, E-Book

PET/MRI: Clinical Applications, An Issue of PET Clinics, E-Book

Drew A. Torigian | Andreas Kjær | Abass Alavi | Habib Zaidi

(2016)

Additional Information

Abstract

This issue of PET Clinics focuses on PET/MRI: Clinical Applications, and is edited by Drs. Drew Torigian and Andreas Kjaer. Articles will include: PET/MRI in Prostate Cancer; PET/MRI in Vascular Disease; PET/MRI in Lymphoma; PET/MRI in Head and Neck Cancer; PET/MRI in Brain Disease; PET/MR in Cancers of GI Tract; PET/MRI in Gynecologic Cancer; Clinical PET/MRI Systems and Patient Workflow; PET/MRI in Heart Disease; PET/MR in Breast Cancer and Lung Cancer; PET/MRI in Musculoskeletal Disorders; PET/MRI in Pediatric Oncology; Clinical PET/MRI: Future Perspectives; and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
PET/MRI: Clinical Applications\r i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
CONSULTING EDITOR iii
EDITORS iii
AUTHORS iii
Contents v
Preface: PET/MR Imaging: Clinical Applications\r v
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR Imaging in Lymphoma\r v
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR Imaging in Head and Neck Cancer\r v
Clinical PET-MR Imaging in Breast Cancer and Lung Cancer\r v
PET/MR Imaging in Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract\r v
The Emerging Role of PET/MR Imaging in Gynecologic Cancers\r vi
Clinical PET/MR Imaging in Dementia and Neuro-Oncology\r vi
PET/MR Imaging in Musculoskeletal Disorders\r vi
PET/MR Imaging in Heart Disease\r vii
PET/MR Imaging in Vascular Disease: Atherosclerosis and Inflammation\r vii
Clinical PET/MR Imaging in Oncology: Future Perspectives\r vii
PET CLINICS\r viii
FORTHCOMING ISSUES viii
January 2017 viii
April 2017 viii
July 2017 viii
RECENT ISSUES viii
July 2016 viii
April 2016 viii
January 2016 viii
CME Accreditation Page ix
PROGRAM OBJECTIVE ix
TARGET AUDIENCE ix
LEARNING OBJECTIVES ix
ACCREDITATION ix
DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ix
UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE ix
TO ENROLL ix
METHOD OF PARTICIPATION ix
CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS ix
Preface:\rPET/MR Imaging: Clinical Applications xi
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR Imaging in Lymphoma 363
Key points 363
INTRODUCTION 363
ROLE OF IMAGING 363
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 364
PET/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 364
MR IMAGING 365
RATIONALE OF PET/MR IMAGING IN LYMPHOMA 365
PET/MR IMAGING TECHNIQUE 365
IMAGE QUALITY AND RADIOTRACER UPTAKE QUANTIFICATION 366
IMAGING FINDINGS 366
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN PET/MR IMAGING OF LYMPHOMA 367
PITFALLS IN PET/MR IMAGING IN LYMPHOMA 368
Muscle Uptake 368
Brown Fat 368
Metal Artifacts 368
INITIAL STAGING 369
TREATMENT RESPONSE ASSESSMENT 369
RECURRENT DISEASE 369
RADIOTRACERS OTHER THAN 18F-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE 371
SUMMARY 371
REFERENCES 371
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR Imaging in Head and Neck Cancer 375
Key points 375
INTRODUCTION 375
ROLE OF IMAGING AND STAGING CLASSIFICATIONS 376
IMAGING METHODS 376
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 376
MR IMAGING 376
ULTRASONOGRAPHY 376
PET/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 376
PET/MR IMAGING 377
Introduction and Rationale of PET/MR Imaging 377
PET/MR Imaging Technique 377
Image Quality and Uptake Quantification in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR Imaging 378
Imaging Findings 378
Pitfalls in PET/MR imaging 380
MUSCLE ACTIVATION 380
METAL ARTIFACTS 380
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE PALSY 381
BROWN FAT 381
18F-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE PET/MR IMAGING OF THE HEAD AND NECK COMPARED WITH OTHER IMAGING METHODS 382
INITIAL STAGING 382
FOLLOW-UP 383
DISTANT METASTASES, SYNCHRONOUS TUMORS, AND CARCINOMA OF UNKNOWN PRIMARY 384
ALTERNATIVE RADIOTRACERS 384
SUMMARY 384
REFERENCES 385
Clinical PET-MR Imaging in Breast Cancer and Lung Cancer 387
Key points 387
INTRODUCTION 387
PET-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN BREAST CANCER 388
MR IMAGING IN BREAST CANCER 389
PET-MR IMAGING IN BREAST CANCER 390
STANDARDIZED UPTAKE VALUE: PET-MR IMAGING VERSUS PET- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN BREAST CANCER 390
PET-MR IMAGING LESION DETECTION IN BREAST CANCER 391
TUMOR STAGING IN BREAST CANCER 392
ADDITIONAL PET-MR IMAGING APPLICATIONS IN BREAST CANCER: MULTIPARAMETRIC DATASETS 392
PET-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN LUNG CANCER 392
MR IMAGING IN LUNG CANCER 394
PET-MR IMAGING IN LUNG CANCER 395
STANDARDIZED UPTAKE VALUE: PET-MR IMAGING VERSUS PET- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN LUNG CANCER 395
PET-MR IMAGING LESION DETECTION IN LUNG CANCER 395
ADDITIONAL PET-MR IMAGING APPLICATIONS IN LUNG CANCER: MULTIPARAMETRIC DATASETS 397
SUMMARY 397
REFERENCES 398
PET/MR Imaging in Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract 403
Key points 403
INTRODUCTION 403
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 404
PET/MR Imaging Systems 404
PET/MR IMAGING PROTOCOL 404
Whole-Body PET/MR Imaging Protocol 404
Region-Specific Dedicated MR Imaging Protocols 404
Workflow 404
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 405
LIVER 405
Hepatocellular Carcinoma 405
Liver Metastases 408
Cholangiocarcinoma 409
Gallbladder Cancer 411
Pancreatic Carcinoma 413
Colorectal Cancer 416
SUMMARY 418
REFERENCES 419
The Emerging Role of PET/MR Imaging in Gynecologic Cancers 425
Key points 425
INTRODUCTION 425
PET/MR IMAGING TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 426
PET/MR IMAGING PROTOCOL AND WORK-FLOW DESIGN 426
GYNECOLOGIC CANCERS 427
THE POTENTIAL ADDED VALUE OF ADVANCED MR IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN GYNECOLOGIC CANCERS 427
THE ROLE OF PET/MR IMAGING IN GYNECOLOGIC CANCERS 429
Uterine Cervical Cancer 429
Staging 429
Prognosis/prediction 432
Endometrial Cancer 433
Ovarian Cancer 435
SUMMARY 437
REFERENCES 438
Clinical PET/MR Imaging in Dementia and Neuro-Oncology 441
Key points 441
INTRODUCTION 441
PET/MR IMAGING IN DEMENTIA 442
Brain Imaging in Dementia 442
PET Radiotracers in Dementia 443
Clinical Work Flow and Clinical Use 443
Future Developments in Dementia 444
PET/MR IMAGING IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY 445
MR Imaging for Brain Tumors 445
PET Radiotracers for Neuro-Oncology 445
Clinical Workflow 446
Clinical Use 446
Future Applications and Developments in Neuro-Oncology 449
Limitations 450
REFERENCES 450
PET/MR Imaging in Musculoskeletal Disorders 453
Key points 453
INTRODUCTION 453
PET/MR IMAGING IN MUSCULOSKELETAL MALIGNANCIES 453
Primary Malignant Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors 453
Benefits of PET/MR Imaging in Adult Sarcoma 454
Benefits of PET/MR Imaging in Pediatric Sarcoma 456
Combined PET/MR Protocols for Imaging of Sarcoma 456
Metastatic Disease of the Musculoskeletal System 457
PET/MR IMAGING IN INFLAMMATORY AND INFECTIOUS MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 460
SUMMARY, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 461
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 461
REFERENCES 461
PET/MR Imaging in Heart Disease 465
Key points 465
INTRODUCTION 465
TECHNICAL REMARKS REGARDING PET/MR IMAGING IN CARDIOLOGY 465
General Remarks 465
Generation of Attenuation Correction Maps from MR Images 466
Frequent Issues 467
MR imaging–related components 467
Contrast media and foreign bodies 467
Workflow in Cardiac Imaging 468
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 470
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging 470
Myocardial Viability Imaging 470
“Classic” viability imaging 470
Postinfarction viability imaging 471
Imaging of Inflammatory Processes in the Myocardium 472
Myocarditis 473
Sarcoidosis 473
Imaging postinfarction inflammation with PET/MR imaging 473
SUMMARY 474
REFERENCES 475
PET/MR Imaging in Vascular Disease 479
Key points 479
INTRODUCTION 479
MR IMAGING FOR PLAQUE CHARACTERIZATION 480
PET FOR MOLECULAR IMAGING OF PLAQUE DEVELOPMENT AND VULNERABILITY 480
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET for Atherosclerosis and Plaque Imaging 480
Non-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET for Atherosclerosis and Plaque Imaging 482
64Cu-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATATE 482
18F-fluorothymidine 483
18F-NaF 484
Other PET tracers 484
POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES AND CURRENT STATUS OF HYBRID PET/MR IMAGING IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS 484
An Intriguing Concept and a Perfect Match 484
Hybrid PET/MR Imaging for Vascular Imaging of Atherosclerosis in Humans 486
SUMMARY 486
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 486
REFERENCES 486
Clinical PET/MR Imaging in Oncology 489
Key points 489
INTRODUCTION 489
PET/MR IMAGING AS A REPLACEMENT FOR PET/CT IN ROUTINE ASSESSMENT IN ONCOLOGIC CLINICAL PRACTICE 490
WHEN PET/MR IMAGING PROVIDES COMPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 490
MULTIPARAMETRIC PET/MR IMAGING AND RADIOMICS 490
THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF HYPERPET 491
SUMMARY 492
REFERENCES 492