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BOOK
Allergy Primer for Primary Care, An Issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, E-Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, guest edited by Dr. Michael Malone, is devoted to Allergy Primer for Primary Care. Articles in this issue include: Indoor and Outdoor Allergies; Food Allergies; Insect Allergy; Drug Allergy; Allergic Dermatoses; Allergic Rhinitis; Respiratory Allergic Disorders; Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders; Mastocytosis; Allergy Testing; Allergy Immunotherapy; Anaphylaxis; and Complementary and Alternative Treatment for Allergic Conditions.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
Allergy Primer for Primary Care\r | i | ||
Copyright\r | ii | ||
Contributors | iii | ||
CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
EDITOR | iii | ||
AUTHORS | iii | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Foreword: “Lifesavers”\r | vii | ||
Preface: Allergy Primer for Primary Care\r | vii | ||
Allergy Testing\r | vii | ||
Food Allergies\r | vii | ||
Drug Allergy\r | vii | ||
Respiratory Allergic Disorders\r | viii | ||
Insect Allergy\r | viii | ||
Allergic Dermatoses\r | viii | ||
Indoor and Outdoor Allergies\r | viii | ||
Allergic Rhinitis\r | ix | ||
Anaphylaxis\r | ix | ||
Allergen Immunotherapy\r | ix | ||
Eosinophilic Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract\r | ix | ||
Mastocytosis\r | x | ||
Complementary and Alternative Treatment for Allergic Conditions\r | x | ||
PRIMARY CARE:\rCLINICS IN OFFICE PRACTICE\rFORTHCOMING ISSUES\r | xi | ||
FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
December 2016 | xi | ||
March 2017 | xi | ||
June 2017 | xi | ||
RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
June 2016 | xi | ||
March 2016 | xi | ||
December 2015 | xi | ||
Foreword:\r“Lifesavers” | xiii | ||
Preface:\rAllergy Primer for Primary Care | xv | ||
Erratum | xvii | ||
Allergy Testing | 363 | ||
Key points | 363 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 363 | ||
SKIN PRICK TESTING | 363 | ||
CONTRAINDICATIONS | 364 | ||
FACTORS THAT AFFECT RESULTS | 365 | ||
FACTORS THAT AFFECT RESULTS: MEDICATIONS | 365 | ||
RISKS | 367 | ||
SKIN PRICK: INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS | 367 | ||
INTRADERMAL TEST | 367 | ||
IN VITRO TESTING | 369 | ||
PATCH TESTING | 369 | ||
SUMMARY | 370 | ||
REFERENCES | 372 | ||
Food Allergies | 375 | ||
Key points | 375 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 375 | ||
What Are Food Allergies? | 375 | ||
PREVENTION | 376 | ||
Common Food Allergens | 378 | ||
FOOD ALLERGY SYMPTOMS | 378 | ||
SPECIFIC FOOD ALLERGIES | 382 | ||
Nut Allergies | 382 | ||
Milk Allergies | 383 | ||
Risk Reduction Strategies | 384 | ||
Milk | 384 | ||
Milk products | 384 | ||
Risk Reduction Strategies: Egg | 384 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 386 | ||
Food Allergen Challenge Test | 386 | ||
TREATMENT OF FOOD ALLERGIES | 388 | ||
Strategies Designed to Alter the Immune Response to Food Allergens | 389 | ||
REFERENCES | 389 | ||
Drug Allergy | 393 | ||
Key points | 393 | ||
INTRODUCTION/EPIDEMIOLOGY | 393 | ||
RISK FACTORS | 394 | ||
BASIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 394 | ||
MECHANISMS OF DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS | 395 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 397 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 397 | ||
TREATMENT | 398 | ||
MANAGEMENT | 398 | ||
PREVENTION | 400 | ||
REFERENCES | 400 | ||
Respiratory Allergic Disorders | 401 | ||
Key points | 401 | ||
ALLERGIC ASTHMA | 401 | ||
Introduction | 401 | ||
Epidemiology/Pathophysiology | 402 | ||
Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis | 402 | ||
Management/Treatment | 403 | ||
ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS | 405 | ||
Introduction | 405 | ||
Epidemiology | 405 | ||
Clinical Presentation | 405 | ||
Radiographic Features | 406 | ||
Pulmonary Testing | 406 | ||
Diagnosis | 406 | ||
Management/Treatment | 407 | ||
HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS | 407 | ||
Introduction | 407 | ||
Epidemiology | 408 | ||
Clinical Presentation | 408 | ||
Classification | 409 | ||
Diagnosis | 409 | ||
Diagnostic Criteria | 409 | ||
Definite hypersensitivity pneumonitis | 410 | ||
Management | 410 | ||
Treatment | 410 | ||
Prognosis | 410 | ||
REFERENCES | 411 | ||
Insect Allergy | 417 | ||
Key points | 417 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 417 | ||
BACKGROUND | 417 | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGY | 418 | ||
RISK FACTORS | 418 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 418 | ||
MOSQUITOES | 420 | ||
TICKS | 420 | ||
FLIES | 421 | ||
FLEAS | 421 | ||
BITING MIDGES | 421 | ||
BEE AND WASP STINGS | 421 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 422 | ||
MEDICAL HISTORY | 423 | ||
IDENTIFICATION OF INSECT | 424 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS | 425 | ||
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 426 | ||
MANAGEMENT/TREATMENT | 427 | ||
PREVENTION: VENOM IMMUNOTHERAPY | 427 | ||
REFERENCES | 429 | ||
Allergic Dermatoses | 433 | ||
Key points | 433 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 433 | ||
ATOPIC DERMATITIS | 433 | ||
Background | 433 | ||
Clinical Symptoms and Signs | 434 | ||
Diagnosis | 434 | ||
Treatment | 435 | ||
Emollients/moisturizers | 437 | ||
Topical corticosteroids | 437 | ||
Calcineurin inhibitors | 437 | ||
Antibiotics | 437 | ||
Antihistamines | 437 | ||
Immunosuppressive agents and ultraviolet phototherapy | 437 | ||
Complementary and alternative treatment | 437 | ||
Prognosis | 438 | ||
CONTACT DERMATITIS | 439 | ||
Background | 439 | ||
Clinical Symptoms and Signs | 439 | ||
Diagnosis | 440 | ||
Treatment | 441 | ||
Prognosis | 441 | ||
URTICARIA | 441 | ||
Background | 441 | ||
Clinical Symptoms and Signs | 442 | ||
Diagnosis | 442 | ||
Treatment | 442 | ||
Antihistamines | 443 | ||
Systemic corticosteroids | 443 | ||
Immune modulators | 443 | ||
Prognosis | 443 | ||
ANGIOEDEMA | 443 | ||
Background | 443 | ||
Clinical Signs and Symptoms | 444 | ||
Diagnosis | 444 | ||
Treatment | 444 | ||
Prognosis | 445 | ||
REFERENCES | 445 | ||
Indoor and Outdoor Allergies | 451 | ||
Key points | 451 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 451 | ||
INDOOR ALLERGIES | 452 | ||
Mites | 452 | ||
Animal Allergens | 453 | ||
Insect Allergens | 453 | ||
Molds and Fungi | 453 | ||
Tobacco Smoke | 454 | ||
Cooking Gas and Nitrogen Dioxide | 454 | ||
Fragrance and Preservatives | 454 | ||
Chemical Allergens | 454 | ||
OUTDOOR ALLERGIES | 455 | ||
Pollens | 455 | ||
Thunderstorm Asthma | 455 | ||
Ragweed | 455 | ||
Grass | 455 | ||
Tree Pollen | 456 | ||
AIR POLLUTANTS | 456 | ||
Particulate Matter and Pollutants | 456 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 457 | ||
TREATMENT | 457 | ||
Medication Treatment | 457 | ||
IMMUNOTHERAPY | 460 | ||
SUMMARY | 460 | ||
REFERENCES | 460 | ||
Allergic Rhinitis | 465 | ||
Key points | 465 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 465 | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGY | 465 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 466 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 468 | ||
MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT | 469 | ||
CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS AND NASAL POLYPS | 472 | ||
SUMMARY | 473 | ||
REFERENCES | 473 | ||
Anaphylaxis | 477 | ||
Key points | 477 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 477 | ||
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OVERVIEW | 478 | ||
RISK FACTORS | 478 | ||
INCIDENCE AND CAUSATIVE AGENTS | 478 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 479 | ||
Skin | 479 | ||
Respiratory | 480 | ||
Lower Airways | 480 | ||
Gastrointestinal | 480 | ||
Cardiovascular | 480 | ||
Central Nervous System | 480 | ||
Other | 480 | ||
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 481 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 481 | ||
MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT | 482 | ||
PREVENTION | 483 | ||
REFERENCES | 484 | ||
Allergen Immunotherapy | 487 | ||
Key points | 487 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 487 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 488 | ||
TYPES OF IMMUNOTHERAPY | 488 | ||
PROGNOSIS | 489 | ||
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT | 490 | ||
DISEASE COMPLICATIONS | 491 | ||
SUMMARY | 491 | ||
REFERENCES | 492 | ||
Eosinophilic Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract | 495 | ||
Key points | 495 | ||
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS | 495 | ||
EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS | 495 | ||
Introduction | 495 | ||
Basic Pathophysiology | 496 | ||
Clinical Presentation | 497 | ||
Diagnosis | 497 | ||
Management | 497 | ||
EOSINOPHILIC GASTROENTERITIS | 498 | ||
Introduction | 498 | ||
Basic Pathophysiology | 498 | ||
Clinical Presentation | 499 | ||
Diagnosis | 499 | ||
Management | 500 | ||
EOSINOPHILIC COLITIS | 501 | ||
Introduction | 501 | ||
Basic Pathophysiology | 501 | ||
Clinical Presentation | 501 | ||
Diagnosis | 501 | ||
Management | 502 | ||
SUMMARY | 502 | ||
REFERENCES | 502 | ||
Mastocytosis | 505 | ||
Key points | 505 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 505 | ||
EPIDEMIOLOGY | 506 | ||
MAST CELL BIOLOGY | 506 | ||
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 507 | ||
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 507 | ||
DIAGNOSIS | 508 | ||
Overview of Diagnostic Tests | 508 | ||
Bone marrow biopsy | 508 | ||
Skin biopsy | 508 | ||
Total tryptase level | 508 | ||
Complete blood cell count with differential | 508 | ||
Blood smear | 508 | ||
Plasma or urinary histamine level | 509 | ||
Serum chemistry panel | 509 | ||
Regular bone densitometry | 509 | ||
Abdominal ultrasound | 509 | ||
Diagnosis of Systemic Mastocytosis | 509 | ||
Major criterion | 509 | ||
Minor criterion | 509 | ||
Diagnosis of the different mastocytosis categories | 509 | ||
Indolent systemic mastocytosis | 509 | ||
Systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal hematologic non–mast cell lineage disease | 509 | ||
Agressive systemic mastocytosis | 510 | ||
Mast cell leukemia | 510 | ||
Diagnosis of Cutaneous Mastocytosis | 510 | ||
Other Mastocytosis Diagnostic Categories | 510 | ||
Mast cell sarcoma | 510 | ||
Extracutaneous mastocytoma | 510 | ||
MASTOCYTOSIS TREATMENT | 511 | ||
Trigger Avoidance | 511 | ||
Anaphylaxis Treatment | 511 | ||
SYMPTOM-SPECIFIC TREATMENT | 511 | ||
Treatment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms | 511 | ||
Treatment of Musculoskeletal Symptoms: Bone Pain, Osteoporosis, and Fractures | 512 | ||
Treatment of Depression | 512 | ||
Treatment of Lung symptoms | 512 | ||
Treatment of Ascites | 512 | ||
Associated Cognitive Disorders | 513 | ||
DIAGNOSIS-SPECIFIC TREATMENT | 513 | ||
Treatment of Cutaneous Mastocytosis | 513 | ||
Treatment of Systemic Mastocytosis | 513 | ||
Treatment of Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis | 514 | ||
SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS WITH ASSOCIATED CLONAL HEMATOLOGIC NON–MAST CELL LINEAGE DISEASE | 514 | ||
Treatment of Agressive Systemic Mastocytosis | 514 | ||
Mast Cell Leukemia | 515 | ||
Mast Cell Sarcoma | 515 | ||
Extracutaneous Mastocytoma | 515 | ||
REFERENCES | 515 | ||
Complementary and Alternative Treatment for Allergic Conditions | 519 | ||
Key points | 519 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 519 | ||
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula for Asthma | 520 | ||
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula for Allergic Rhinitis | 521 | ||
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula for Atopic Dermatitis | 521 | ||
Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula for Food Allergy | 521 | ||
Herbal Therapies for Allergic Rhinitis and Conjunctivitis | 521 | ||
Other Nasal Sprays, Powders, and Ointments for Allergic Rhinitis | 522 | ||
Acupuncture for Allergic Rhinitis | 523 | ||
Homeopathy | 523 | ||
Miscellaneous Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies | 523 | ||
SUMMARY/DISCUSSION | 524 | ||
REFERENCES | 524 |