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Britain's Future in Europe

Britain's Future in Europe

Michael Emerson | Karel Lannoo | Graham Avery | Arno Behrens | Jorge Nunez Ferrer | Hugo Brady | Steven Blockmans | Steven Peers | Michael Wriglesworth | Miroslav Beblavy | Daniel Gros | Alzbeta Hajkova | Michael Emerson

(2016)

Abstract

Following the agreement made by Prime Minister David Cameron with the EU on 18-19 February 2016, the day for the referendum for the UK to remain in or leave the EU is set for 23 June 2016. This will be the most important decision taken by the British people in half a century, and whose consequences will live on for another half century.

The first edition of this book, published in March 2015, laid the foundations for any objective assessment of the workings of the EU and the UK’s place in it. It was widely acclaimed and rated as “a myth-breaking exercise of the best kind”.

This second edition adds a substantial new chapter following Cameron’s agreement with the EU and announcement of the referendum. It reviews both the ‘Plan A’, namely the status quo for the UK in the EU as amended by the new agreement, and three variants of a ‘Plan B’ for secession. The key point is that the ‘leave’ camp have not done their homework or ‘due diligence’ to specify the post-secession scenario, or how the British government would face up to the challenges that this would bring. The authors therefore do the ‘leave’ camp’s homework for them, setting out three Plan Bs more concretely and in more depth than the ‘leave’ camp have been able or wanted to do, or any other source has done.

The book is therefore unique and essential reading for anyone concerned with the fateful choice that lies soon ahead.


Michael Emerson holds honorary doctorates from the universities of Kent and Keele. He began his career as an economist at the OECD, Paris, and subsequently worked for the European Commission, Brussels, from 1973 to 1996, where his posts included advising Roy Jenkins (1977-78) and the Ambassador to the USSR/Russia (1991-95). Since 1996, he has been Senior Research Fellow successively at the LSE and the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS). He has authored and edited many books on a wide range of topics including European integration and foreign policy.
This is a comprehensive and cogent analysis of the British government’s review of EU competences. While the government was reluctant to draw conclusions from its own review, the CEPS researchers are bolder.
Charles Grant, Director of the Centre for European Reform, London
This extraordinarily fair-minded and balanced book is a myth-busting exercise of the best kind. Meticulously boiling down every single European policy field to its very essence, the authors (one of Europe's leading think tank teams) are replacing misperception and misrepresentation with sober facts and sound assessments.
Jan Techau, Director of Carnegie Europe
Emerson and his fellow authors deserve congratulations for producing a book that uses hard evidence to set out the arguments with clarity and common sense.
In the finest tradition of British pragmatism: a much needed injection of common sense and seriousness into the British debate on Europe.
François Heisbourg, Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique, Paris
An absolutely invaluable resource for anyone concerned with Britain’s evolving relationship with the European Union.



Professor Lord Anthony Giddens, London School of Economics

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Britain's Future In Europe Cover
TABLE OF CONTENTS\r vii
About the Contributors x
Glossary xi
Preface xiii
Executive Summary 1
Part I. The known Plan A to remain or the unknown Plan B to leave 7
1. The known Plan A to remain 7
2. The unknown Plan B to leave 11
Plan B.1 – A clean break, ‘big bang’ Brexit 13
Plan B.2 – Remaining in the EU’s single market and customs union 15
Plan B.3 – Negotiating with the EU and the world at large 17
The UK’s status in world affairs 36
A final point - short but grave 38
Part II. Questions 39
3. What is the Balance of Competences Review? 39
4. What are the EU’s competences? 41
5. What are the underlying issues? 43
Part III. Evidence 45
6. Core single market policies 45
6.1 Single market overview 45
6.2 Free movement of goods 48
6.3 Free movement of services 52
6.4 Free movement of capital and financial services 56
6.5 Free movement of people 60
6.6 Competition and consumer policies 65
6.7 Foreign trade and investment 69
7. Sectoral policies 72
7.1 Transport 72
7.2 Energy 76
7.3 Environment and climate change 81
7.4 Agriculture 87
7.5 Fisheries 91
7.6 Food safety and animal welfare 95
7.7 Public health 98
7.8 Digital information rights 100
8. Economic, monetary and social policies 104
8.1 Economic and monetary union 104
8.2 Social and employment policy 111
8.3 Cohesion policy 114
8.4 EU budget 118
8.5 Taxation 122
9. Justice and home affairs 125
9.1 Fundamental rights 125
9.2 Civil judicial cooperation 130
9.3 Police and criminal law cooperation 135
9.4 Asylum and non-EU immigration 138
10. Education, research and culture 142
10.1 Education, vocational training and youth 142
10.2 Research and space 145
10.3 Culture, tourism and sport 148
11. External relations 150
11.1 Foreign and security policy 150
11.2 Development cooperation and humanitarian aid 155
11.3 Enlargement 158
12. General issues 162
12.1 Voting, consular services and statistics 162
12.2 Subsidiarity and proportionality (S&P) 166
Part IV. Conclusions 171
13. By groups of policies 171
14. By reform, renegotiation, or repatriation 178
15. Contemplating secession 187
Appendix Balance of Competences Review - Schedule of the British government’s work 201
Index 205