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Book Details
Abstract
This issue of the Cardiology Clinics entitled "Pulmonary Hypertension" is an in-depth review on the subject edited by Dr. Ronald J. Oudiz. The topics covered will include: classification of pulmonary hypertension, epidemiology and pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management in Groups I-V. There are also sections devoted to issues faced in pediatrics and pregnancy, as well as a section on patient support, among other topics.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Pulmonary Hypertension\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| EDITORIAL BOARD | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Pulmonary Hypertension\r | v | ||
| Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension\r | v | ||
| World Health Organization Group I Pulmonary Hypertension: Epidemiology and Pathophysiology\r | v | ||
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Diagnosis and Treatment\r | v | ||
| Pulmonary Hypertension and Congenital Heart Disease\r | v | ||
| Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension: Pulmonary Venous Hypertension: Epidemiology and Pathophysiology\r | vi | ||
| Group III Pulmonary Hypertension: Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with\rLung Disease: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatments\r | vi | ||
| Group 4 Pulmonary Hypertension: Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment\r | vi | ||
| Group 5 Pulmonary Hypertension: The Orphan’s Orphan Disease\r | vi | ||
| Pulmonary Hypertension in Children\r | vii | ||
| Special Situations in Pulmonary Hypertension: Pregnancy and Right Ventricular Failure\r | vii | ||
| Managing the Patient with Pulmonary Hypertension: Specialty Care Centers, Coordinated Care, and Patient Support\r | vii | ||
| CARDIOLOGY CLINICS\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| November 2016 | viii | ||
| February 2017 | viii | ||
| May 2017 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| May 2016 | viii | ||
| February 2016 | viii | ||
| November 2015 | viii | ||
| Preface: Pulmonary Hypertension\r | ix | ||
| Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension | 359 | ||
| Key points | 359 | ||
| REFERENCES | 361 | ||
| World Health Organization Group I Pulmonary Hypertension | 363 | ||
| Key points | 363 | ||
| DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION | 363 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 363 | ||
| The National Institutes of Health Registry | 363 | ||
| Contemporary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Registries | 365 | ||
| Epidemiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the Modern Era | 365 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 367 | ||
| The Pulmonary Vasculature | 367 | ||
| The Right Ventricle | 367 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 369 | ||
| Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction | 369 | ||
| Pulmonary Vascular Proliferation | 369 | ||
| Extracellular Matrix Remodeling | 369 | ||
| Inflammation | 369 | ||
| RIGHT VENTRICULAR PATHOLOGIC CHANGES | 370 | ||
| Right Ventricular Metabolic Derangements | 370 | ||
| Right Ventricular Ischemia | 371 | ||
| Right Ventricular Calcium Mishandling | 371 | ||
| Sarcomere Remodeling | 371 | ||
| Cytoskeletal Remodeling | 371 | ||
| GENETIC CAUSES OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION | 372 | ||
| SUMMARY | 372 | ||
| REFERENCES | 372 | ||
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 375 | ||
| Key points | 375 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 375 | ||
| COLLABORATIVE CARE WITH A PULMONARY HYPERTENSION REFERRAL CENTER | 376 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 376 | ||
| Screening | 376 | ||
| General Approach | 376 | ||
| Echocardiography | 376 | ||
| Right Heart Catheterization | 378 | ||
| Vasoreactivity testing | 380 | ||
| Provocative testing | 380 | ||
| Pulmonary Function Tests | 380 | ||
| Overnight Pulse Oximetry and Polysomnography | 380 | ||
| Ventilation Perfusion Lung Scan | 380 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 381 | ||
| Cardiac Magnetic Resonance | 381 | ||
| TREATMENT | 381 | ||
| General Measures | 383 | ||
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Specific Treatments | 384 | ||
| Calcium channel blockers | 384 | ||
| Prostacyclin pathway | 384 | ||
| Prostacyclin analogues | 384 | ||
| Prostacyclin receptor agonist | 385 | ||
| Endothelin receptor antagonists | 385 | ||
| Nitric oxide pathway | 385 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase inhibitors | 385 | ||
| Guanylate cyclase agonists | 385 | ||
| Combination therapy | 385 | ||
| SUMMARY | 388 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 388 | ||
| REFERENCES | 388 | ||
| Pulmonary Hypertension and Congenital Heart Disease | 391 | ||
| Key points | 391 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 391 | ||
| UPDATED DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION | 391 | ||
| ANATOMIC AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC FEATURES | 392 | ||
| MEDICAL, CATHETER, AND SURGICAL-BASED STRATEGIES | 394 | ||
| SUMMARY | 398 | ||
| REFERENCES | 398 | ||
| Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension | 401 | ||
| Key points | 401 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 401 | ||
| DEFINITIONS | 401 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 402 | ||
| COMMON PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS IN PULMONARY HYPERTENSION INDUCED BY LEFT-SIDED HEART DISEASE | 403 | ||
| The Left Atrium | 404 | ||
| The Pulmonary Veins and Capillaries | 404 | ||
| The Pulmonary Arteries | 405 | ||
| The Right Ventricle | 406 | ||
| HEMODYNAMIC TESTING | 407 | ||
| SUMMARY | 407 | ||
| REFERENCES | 408 | ||
| Group III Pulmonary Hypertension | 413 | ||
| Key points | 413 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 413 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 414 | ||
| Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 414 | ||
| Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease | 416 | ||
| Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Sleep Disordered Breathing | 416 | ||
| Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Lung Disease | 416 | ||
| Effect of Pulmonary Hypertension on Prognosis | 417 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | 418 | ||
| TREATMENT OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH LUNG DISEASE | 421 | ||
| Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 421 | ||
| Endothelin receptor antagonist for pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 423 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 423 | ||
| Prostacyclin analogues for treatment of pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 425 | ||
| Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators for pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 425 | ||
| Treatment of pulmonary hypertension Associated with interstitial lung disease | 425 | ||
| Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease | 425 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease | 426 | ||
| Prostacyclin derivatives for pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease | 427 | ||
| Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators for pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease | 427 | ||
| Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Sleep Disordered Breathing | 428 | ||
| SUMMARY | 429 | ||
| REFERENCES | 429 | ||
| Group 4 Pulmonary Hypertension | 435 | ||
| Key points | 435 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 435 | ||
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CHRONIC THROMBOEMBOLIC PULMONARY HYPERTENSION | 437 | ||
| TREATMENT | 439 | ||
| SUMMARY | 440 | ||
| REFERENCES | 440 | ||
| Group 5 Pulmonary Hypertension | 443 | ||
| Key points | 443 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 443 | ||
| GROUP 5.1: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS | 443 | ||
| Chronic Myeloproliferative Diseases | 443 | ||
| Prevalence/etiology | 444 | ||
| Pulmonary Hypertension in Children | 451 | ||
| Key points | 451 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 451 | ||
| DEFINITION | 451 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | 452 | ||
| A. Eisenmenger syndrome | 453 | ||
| B. Left-to-right shunts | 453 | ||
| C. PAH with coincidental congenital heart disease | 453 | ||
| D. Postoperative PAH | 453 | ||
| HIGHLIGHTED CAUSES OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION | 454 | ||
| Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 454 | ||
| Single-Ventricle Circulation | 454 | ||
| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia | 454 | ||
| EVALUATION | 454 | ||
| CONVENTIONAL THERAPY | 460 | ||
| VASOREACTIVITY TESTING | 460 | ||
| PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION | 461 | ||
| CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS | 461 | ||
| PROSTACYCLINS | 462 | ||
| ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS | 463 | ||
| PHOSPHODIESTERASE-5 INHIBITORS AND SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE STIMULATORS | 464 | ||
| COMBINATION THERAPY | 465 | ||
| ATRIAL SEPTOSTOMY AND POTTS SHUNT FOR REFRACTORY PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION | 466 | ||
| TRANSPLANTATION | 466 | ||
| SUMMARY | 466 | ||
| REFERENCES | 466 | ||
| Special Situations in Pulmonary Hypertension | 473 | ||
| Key points | 473 | ||
| PREGNANCY | 473 | ||
| Introduction | 473 | ||
| Hemodynamic Effects of Pregnancy | 473 | ||
| Gestation: a hyperdynamic and hypercoagulable state | 473 | ||
| Peripartum and postpartum: a time of rapid hemodynamic shifts | 474 | ||
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Outcomes in Pregnancy | 474 | ||
| Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Pregnancy | 476 | ||
| Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Pregnancy | 476 | ||
| Medical management | 476 | ||
| Calcium channel blockers | 476 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors | 476 | ||
| Endothelin receptor antagonists | 476 | ||
| Prostacyclin analogs | 476 | ||
| Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator | 477 | ||
| Inhaled nitric oxide | 477 | ||
| Anticoagulation | 477 | ||
| Mode of delivery | 478 | ||
| Peripartum and postpartum management | 478 | ||
| Summary | 478 | ||
| RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE | 478 | ||
| Introduction | 478 | ||
| Anatomy and Physiology of the Right Ventricle | 479 | ||
| Pathophysiology of Right Ventricular Failure in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 479 | ||
| Diagnosis of Right Ventricular Failure | 479 | ||
| Physical examination | 479 | ||
| Transthoracic echocardiography | 479 | ||
| Hemodynamic monitoring | 481 | ||
| Management of Right Ventricular Failure in Pulmonary Arterial Hyptension | 481 | ||
| Chronic right ventricular failure management | 481 | ||
| Medical therapy | 481 | ||
| Atrial septostomy | 481 | ||
| Mechanical circulatory support | 481 | ||
| Lung and heart-lung transplantation | 482 | ||
| Acute right ventricular failure management | 482 | ||
| Correction of triggering factors | 482 | ||
| Restoration of oxygenation | 482 | ||
| Maintenance of cardiac output and systemic perfusion | 482 | ||
| Relief of congestion | 484 | ||
| Summary | 484 | ||
| REFERENCES | 485 | ||
| Managing the Patient with Pulmonary Hypertension | 489 | ||
| Key points | 489 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 489 | ||
| CURRENT CHALLENGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION | 490 | ||
| Centralized Versus Decentralized Care | 490 | ||
| Challenges in Evaluating Pulmonary Hypertension and Diagnostic Errors | 490 | ||
| Challenges with the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 490 | ||
| SPECIALTY CARE CENTERS | 492 | ||
| The Evidence for Team-based Care in Chronic Disease Management | 492 | ||
| Designing the Pulmonary Hypertension Care Center Program: Key Goals and Features | 492 | ||
| Improving Access to Expert Pulmonary Hypertension Care and Supporting Collaboration Among Clinical Programs | 493 | ||
| Promoting Adherence to Published Diagnosis and Management Guidelines, Optimizing the Clinical Management of Pulmonary Arter ... | 493 | ||
| Promoting Pulmonary Hypertension Disease Awareness and Growing the Pulmonary Hypertension Community | 494 | ||
| The Pulmonary Hypertension Care Center Accreditation Process | 494 | ||
| BEYOND THE SPECIALTY CARE CENTER | 494 | ||
| Long-term Comanagement of the Patient with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 494 | ||
| External Organizations | 496 | ||
| SUMMARY | 498 | ||
| REFERENCES | 499 | ||
| Index | 501 |