BOOK
Imaging of Neurologic Complications in Hematological Disorders, An Issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America is devoted to Imaging of Neurological complications in Hematological disorders and will include articles on Blood Dyscriasis: Classification and Clinical Neurological Presentations, Imaging Manifestation of Anemia, CNS Complications of Hemorrhagic and Coagulation Disorders, Neurological and Head and Neck Manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease, Neuroimaging in Lymphoma, and many more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Imaging of Neurologic Complications in Hematological Disorders\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITORS | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Preface: Imaging of Neurologic Complications in Hematologic Disorders\r | vii | ||
| Neurologic Manifestations of Blood Dyscrasias\r | vii | ||
| Imaging Manifestations of Neurologic Complications in Anemia\r | vii | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Hemorrhagic and Coagulation Disorders\r | vii | ||
| Neurologic and Head and Neck Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease\r | viii | ||
| Neuroimaging in Central Nervous System Lymphoma\r | viii | ||
| Neuroimaging in Leukemia\r | viii | ||
| Imaging of Multiple Myeloma\r | viii | ||
| Venous Thrombosis: Causes and Imaging Appearance\r | viii | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant\r | ix | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Oncologic Therapy\r | ix | ||
| Imaging of Spinal Manifestations of Hematological Disorders\r | ix | ||
| Imaging of Bone Marrow\r | ix | ||
| HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| October 2016 | xi | ||
| December 2016 | xi | ||
| February 2017 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| June 2016 | xi | ||
| April 2016 | xi | ||
| February 2016 | xi | ||
| Preface: Imaging of Neurologic Complications in Hematologic Disorders\r | xiii | ||
| Neurologic Manifestations of Blood Dyscrasias | 723 | ||
| Key points | 723 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 723 | ||
| BENIGN HEMATOLOGIC CONDITIONS | 724 | ||
| Anemias | 724 | ||
| Disorders of Hemostasis | 725 | ||
| Hemorrhagic disorders | 725 | ||
| Thrombotic disorders | 725 | ||
| Thrombotic microangiopathies | 726 | ||
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 726 | ||
| MALIGNANT HEMATOLOGIC CONDITIONS | 727 | ||
| Leukemia and Lymphoma | 727 | ||
| Plasma Cell Dyscrasias | 727 | ||
| REFERENCES | 729 | ||
| Imaging Manifestations of Neurologic Complications in Anemia | 733 | ||
| Key points | 733 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 733 | ||
| IMAGING MODALITIES | 734 | ||
| IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA | 734 | ||
| Thalassemia | 735 | ||
| VITAMIN DEFICIENCY ANEMIA | 739 | ||
| Vitamin B12 Deficiency | 739 | ||
| FOLATE DEFICIENCY | 741 | ||
| Kearns-Sayre Syndrome | 741 | ||
| PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA | 741 | ||
| HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS | 742 | ||
| APLASTIC ANEMIA | 742 | ||
| Fanconi Anemia | 745 | ||
| SICKLE CELL ANEMIA | 746 | ||
| GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY | 751 | ||
| PYRUVATE KINASE DEFICIENCY | 752 | ||
| SECONDARY CAUSES OF ANEMIA | 753 | ||
| Myeloma | 753 | ||
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 753 | ||
| Myelodysplastic Syndrome | 754 | ||
| REFERENCES | 755 | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Hemorrhagic and Coagulation Disorders | 757 | ||
| Key points | 757 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 757 | ||
| COAGULATION CASCADE | 758 | ||
| LABORATORY EVALUATION | 759 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 759 | ||
| INCREASED VESSEL FRAGILITY | 760 | ||
| Hereditary Causes | 761 | ||
| Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia | 761 | ||
| Ehlers-Danlos syndrome | 761 | ||
| Secondary Causes of Vessel Wall Abnormality | 762 | ||
| PLATELET DISORDERS | 764 | ||
| Thrombocytopenia | 764 | ||
| Decreased production of platelets | 764 | ||
| Decreased platelet survival | 767 | ||
| Thrombocytopenic purpura | 768 | ||
| Thrombotic microangiopathies | 768 | ||
| Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenias | 769 | ||
| Platelet sequestration and platelet dilution | 770 | ||
| COAGULATION DISORDERS CAUSED BY COAGULATION FACTOR DEFICIENCIES | 771 | ||
| Hemophilia A (Factor VIII Deficiency) and Hemophilia B (Factor IX Deficiency) | 771 | ||
| Von Willebrand Factor | 773 | ||
| Hereditary Thrombophilia | 773 | ||
| Antithrombin deficiency | 774 | ||
| Protein C and S deficiency | 774 | ||
| Factor V Leiden (RQ506Q) | 774 | ||
| DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION | 775 | ||
| SUMMARY | 776 | ||
| REFERENCES | 776 | ||
| Neurologic and Head and Neck Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease | 779 | ||
| Key points | 779 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 779 | ||
| VASCULAR DISEASE | 780 | ||
| NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS | 783 | ||
| Infarction | 783 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 787 | ||
| Posterior Reversible Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome | 790 | ||
| Generalized Cerebral Volume Loss and Leukoencephalopathy | 790 | ||
| HEAD AND NECK COMPLICATIONS | 791 | ||
| Inner Ears | 791 | ||
| Orbits | 792 | ||
| Lymphoid Tissue | 793 | ||
| Bone | 793 | ||
| MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT | 795 | ||
| SUMMARY | 797 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 797 | ||
| REFERENCES | 797 | ||
| Neuroimaging in Central Nervous System Lymphoma | 799 | ||
| Key points | 799 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 799 | ||
| IMAGING FINDINGS | 800 | ||
| Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma | 800 | ||
| Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma | 800 | ||
| General features | 800 | ||
| Conventional imaging | 803 | ||
| Pattern of recurrence | 806 | ||
| Intravascular lymphomatosis | 806 | ||
| T-cell lymphoma | 807 | ||
| Advanced Imaging | 808 | ||
| Diffusion-weighted imaging | 810 | ||
| Perfusion and permeability imaging | 811 | ||
| Magnetic resonance spectroscopy | 812 | ||
| Susceptibility-weighted imaging | 812 | ||
| Nuclear radiology imaging | 812 | ||
| LYMPHOMA MIMICS | 813 | ||
| High-Grade Glioma | 814 | ||
| Toxoplasmosis | 814 | ||
| Subacute Infarction | 814 | ||
| Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions | 816 | ||
| SUMMARY | 816 | ||
| REFERENCES | 816 | ||
| Neuroimaging in Leukemia | 823 | ||
| Key points | 823 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 823 | ||
| DIRECT LEUKEMIC INVOLVEMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM | 824 | ||
| MENINGEAL LEUKEMIC INFILTRATION | 825 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE RELATED TO SECONDARY EFFECTS OF MALIGNANCY | 827 | ||
| Cerebrovascular Complications | 827 | ||
| Iatrogenic Complications | 830 | ||
| Direct effect of radiation therapy | 830 | ||
| Radiation-induced vascular malformations | 831 | ||
| Radiation-induced secondary neoplasms | 832 | ||
| Effects of chemotherapy | 833 | ||
| Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome | 835 | ||
| INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS OF LEUKEMIA | 836 | ||
| SINUS INFECTIONS | 838 | ||
| INTRACRANIAL INFECTIONS | 839 | ||
| REFERENCES | 840 | ||
| Imaging of Multiple Myeloma | 843 | ||
| Key points | 843 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 843 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF MYELOMA, MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE, AND RELATED PLASMA-CELL PROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS | 844 | ||
| IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, NON-IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, AND LIGHT CHAIN MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE | 844 | ||
| SOLITARY PLASMACYTOMA, POEMS SYNDROME, AND SYSTEMIC AMYLOID LIGHT CHAIN AMYLOIDOSIS | 845 | ||
| MULTIPLE MYELOMA STAGING AND RISK STRATIFICATION | 846 | ||
| MULTIPLE MYELOMA TREATMENT | 846 | ||
| IMAGING OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA | 849 | ||
| Radiography | 849 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 849 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine Studies | 849 | ||
| MRI | 850 | ||
| NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND RELATED PLASMA-CELL PROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS | 853 | ||
| Spinal Myeloma | 853 | ||
| Extramedullary (Extraosseous) Spinal Myeloma | 856 | ||
| Skull and Intracranial Myeloma | 859 | ||
| Cranial Nerve Involvement | 859 | ||
| Metabolic Complications in Myeloma | 859 | ||
| Immunosuppression and Infectious Complications in Myeloma | 860 | ||
| Hematologic Complications in Myeloma | 862 | ||
| SUMMARY | 863 | ||
| REFERENCES | 863 | ||
| Venous Thrombosis | 867 | ||
| Key points | 867 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 867 | ||
| PREIMAGING PLANNING | 869 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING TECHNIQUE AND INTERPRETATION/ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL IMAGES | 870 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 871 | ||
| CT Venography | 873 | ||
| MRI | 876 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Venography | 880 | ||
| Digitally Subtracted Angiographic | 882 | ||
| OPTIONS/PATHWAYS FOR SURGICAL INTERVENTION | 883 | ||
| SUMMARY | 884 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 884 | ||
| REFERENCES | 884 | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant | 887 | ||
| Key points | 887 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 887 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPLICATIONS | 888 | ||
| Drug-Related Toxicity | 888 | ||
| Infection | 890 | ||
| Fungal infection | 890 | ||
| Toxoplasma infection | 890 | ||
| Bacterial infection | 890 | ||
| Viral infection | 891 | ||
| Metabolic | 892 | ||
| Vascular | 892 | ||
| Extra-axial hemorrhage | 892 | ||
| Stroke | 892 | ||
| Neoplastic Disease After Transplantation | 894 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 894 | ||
| Encephalitis and GVHD | 894 | ||
| Demyelinating disease | 894 | ||
| Morbidity and mortality | 895 | ||
| SUMMARY | 895 | ||
| REFERENCES | 895 | ||
| Central Nervous System Complications of Oncologic Therapy | 899 | ||
| Key points | 899 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 899 | ||
| RADIATION-INDUCED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPLICATIONS | 900 | ||
| CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPLICATIONS | 907 | ||
| SUMMARY | 915 | ||
| REFERENCES | 915 | ||
| Imaging of Spinal Manifestations of Hematological Disorders | 921 | ||
| Key points | 921 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 921 | ||
| GENERAL IMAGING FEATURES | 921 | ||
| Vertebral/Epidural Disease | 921 | ||
| Meningeal and Spinal Cord Disease | 922 | ||
| HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES | 923 | ||
| Leukemia | 923 | ||
| Computed tomography and radiography | 923 | ||
| Imaging of Bone Marrow | 945 | ||
| Key points | 945 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 945 | ||
| Bone Marrow Anatomy (Composition of Bone Marrow) | 946 | ||
| Progression of Bone Marrow Changes from Childhood to Adult (Conversion) | 946 | ||
| IMAGING TECHNIQUES | 947 | ||
| MRI Techniques | 947 | ||
| Normal Bone Marrow Appearance on MRI from Infant to Adult | 949 | ||
| Bone marrow conversion in infant (up to 1 year of age) | 949 | ||
| Bone marrow conversion in childhood | 949 | ||
| Normal adult bone marrow | 949 | ||
| IMAGING OF MARROW PATHOLOGIES | 949 | ||
| MARROW RECONVERSION | 949 | ||
| Sickle Cell Disease | 951 | ||
| Thalassemias | 954 | ||
| MARROW INFILTRATION/REPLACEMENT | 954 | ||
| Hematologic Malignancies | 954 | ||
| Lymphomas | 954 | ||
| Leukemia | 957 | ||
| Chronic myeloproliferative disorders | 959 | ||
| Metastatic disease | 959 | ||
| MARROW DEPLETION | 960 | ||
| Radiation Therapy | 961 | ||
| Chemotherapy | 962 | ||
| Aplastic Anemia | 963 | ||
| PRIMARILY OSSEOUS DYSPLASIAS AND BONY ABNORMALITIES | 963 | ||
| Osteopetrosis | 963 | ||
| Paget Disease | 963 | ||
| Renal Osteodystrophy | 966 | ||
| METABOLIC DISEASE | 967 | ||
| Gaucher Disease | 967 | ||
| Iron Deposition/Hemosiderosis | 968 | ||
| MISCELLANEOUS | 969 | ||
| Sarcoidosis | 969 | ||
| Gout | 970 | ||
| REFERENCES | 970 | ||
| Index | 973 |