BOOK
Cancer Screening and Genetics, An Issue of Surgical Clinics, E-Book
(2015)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Cancer Screening and Genetics is reviewed extensively in this important Surgical Clinics of North America issue. Articles include: Cancer Genetics and Implications for Clinical Management; Epigenetics and Cancer; Screening and Early Detection of Cancer: Successes and Failures; Screening for Lung Cancer; Screening for Breast Cancer; Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Cancer: How Should Patients Be Screened?; Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: Where Do We Stand?; Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: Genetics and Screening; Personalized Approach to Gastrointestinal Cancers; Screening for Colorectal Cancer; Screening for Prostate Cancer: Why the Controversy?; Gastric Cancer: East versus West—Is screening and early detection the difference?; and more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Cancer Screeningand Genetics | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Foreword: Cancer Screening and Genomics\r | vii | ||
| Preface\r | vii | ||
| Background | vii | ||
| Cancer Genetics and Implications for Clinical Management\r | vii | ||
| The Triple-Code Model for Pancreatic Cancer: Cross Talk Among Genetics, Epigenetics, and Nuclear Structure\r | vii | ||
| Principles of Cancer Screening\r | vii | ||
| Screening and Early Detection: Specific Diseases | viii | ||
| Lung Cancer Screening\r | viii | ||
| Colorectal Cancer Screening\r | viii | ||
| Breast Cancer Screening\r | viii | ||
| Screening for Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Cancer \r | viii | ||
| Prostate Cancer Screening and the Associated Controversy\r | ix | ||
| Screening for Pancreatic Cancer\r | ix | ||
| Screening and Early Detection of Gastric Cancer: East Versus West\r | ix | ||
| Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: Genetics and Screening\r | ix | ||
| Personalized Approaches to Gastrointestinal Cancers: Importance of Integrating Genomic Information to Guide Therapy\r | x | ||
| SURGICAL CLINICS\rOF NORTH AMERICA\r | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| December 2015 | xi | ||
| February 2016 | xi | ||
| April 2016 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| August 2015 | xi | ||
| June 2015 | xi | ||
| April 2015 | xi | ||
| February 2015 | xi | ||
| Foreword\r | xiii | ||
| Preface | xv | ||
| Cancer Genetics and Implications for Clinical Management | 919 | ||
| Key points | 919 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 920 | ||
| UNDERSTANDING THE CANCER GENOME LANDSCAPE AND TRANSLATING ADVANCES FOR THERAPEUTIC GAIN | 920 | ||
| DRIVER VERSUS PASSENGER MUTATIONS | 922 | ||
| MUTATIONAL SIGNATURES IN CANCER | 922 | ||
| RATIONALE OF GENOTYPE-GUIDED MEDICINE | 923 | ||
| MANAGING TUMOR HETEROGENEITY AND RESISTANCE TO TARGETED THERAPY | 925 | ||
| ADVANCING MOLECULAR PHENOTYPE–GUIDED THERAPY IN PANCREATIC CANCER | 926 | ||
| INDIVIDUALIZED THERAPY INITIATIVES | 928 | ||
| INHERITED SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CANCER IN THE ERA OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING | 928 | ||
| EXCEPTIONAL RESPONDERS | 929 | ||
| SUMMARY | 929 | ||
| REFERENCES | 930 | ||
| The Triple-Code Model for Pancreatic Cancer | 935 | ||
| Key points | 935 | ||
| CROSS TALK BETWEEN GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS AS A PROMISING PARADIGM IN PANCREATOLOGY | 937 | ||
| MECHANISTIC BASIS OF EPIGENETICS: THE NUCLEOSOME | 938 | ||
| Sequence Specific Transcription Factors Function as Adaptor Proteins to Link DNA to Epigenetic Regulators | 939 | ||
| Nucleosome Remodeling Machines and Histone-Modifying Enzymes Work in Concert to Regulate Histone Marks | 939 | ||
| MARKING THE GENOME BY METHYLATION | 941 | ||
| EPIGENETIC REGULATION BY NONCODING RNAS | 942 | ||
| SHAPING GENE EXPRESSION THROUGH NUCLEAR ARCHITECTURE | 944 | ||
| EPIGENETICS OPENS A NEW ERA FOR PANCREATIC CANCER MARKERS AND NOVEL THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES | 944 | ||
| SUMMARY | 945 | ||
| REFERENCES | 946 | ||
| Principles of Cancer Screening | 953 | ||
| Key points | 953 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 953 | ||
| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SCREENING TESTS | 954 | ||
| MEASURES OF SCREENING BENEFIT | 956 | ||
| Population Measures | 957 | ||
| COMMON BIASES IN ASSESSING THE BENEFITS OF SCREENING | 958 | ||
| HARMS OF SCREENING | 960 | ||
| Overdiagnosis | 960 | ||
| COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND TARGETED SCREENING | 961 | ||
| Targeted Screening | 962 | ||
| CURRENT RECOMMENDED CANCER SCREENING TESTS IN NORTH AMERICA | 964 | ||
| REFERENCES | 964 | ||
| Lung Cancer Screening | 967 | ||
| Key points | 967 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 967 | ||
| RISKS AND HARMS OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING | 971 | ||
| Radiation | 971 | ||
| Invasive Procedures | 971 | ||
| Anxiety and Stress | 971 | ||
| Overdiagnosis | 971 | ||
| Estimates of the Rate of Overdiagnosis in Lung Cancer Screening | 972 | ||
| PRACTICE OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING | 972 | ||
| Multidisciplinary Lung Cancer Screening Program | 972 | ||
| Eligibility for Lung Cancer Screening | 972 | ||
| Computed Tomography Protocol | 973 | ||
| Definition of Abnormal Results on Low-Dose Computed Tomography | 973 | ||
| Reporting and Communication | 974 | ||
| Evaluation of Abnormal Findings | 975 | ||
| Smoking Cessation | 975 | ||
| Education | 975 | ||
| SUMMARY | 975 | ||
| REFERENCES | 975 | ||
| Colorectal Cancer Screening | 979 | ||
| Key points | 979 | ||
| INTRODUCTION: EXTENT OF THE DISEASE | 979 | ||
| Risk Factors | 980 | ||
| SCREENING TECHNIQUES AND OPTIONS | 980 | ||
| Early Detection Versus Prevention | 981 | ||
| Stool Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening | 981 | ||
| Guaiac-based fecal occult blood test | 981 | ||
| Fecal immunochemical test | 981 | ||
| Stool DNA tests | 982 | ||
| Structural Examinations of the Colon and Rectum | 982 | ||
| Flexible sigmoidoscopy | 982 | ||
| Colonoscopy | 982 | ||
| Computed tomographic colonography | 982 | ||
| Capsule colonoscopy | 983 | ||
| Double-contrast barium enema | 983 | ||
| Programmatic Versus Opportunistic Screening | 983 | ||
| Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines | 983 | ||
| CLINICAL OUTCOMES | 984 | ||
| Ongoing Research | 985 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AND CONCERNS | 985 | ||
| SUMMARY | 985 | ||
| REFERENCES | 986 | ||
| Breast Cancer Screening | 991 | ||
| Key points | 991 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 991 | ||
| Population Screening | 991 | ||
| Screening Mammography Recommendations | 992 | ||
| The Breast Cancer Screening Controversy | 992 | ||
| SCREENING TECHNIQUES AND OPTIONS | 993 | ||
| Clinical Breast Examination and Breast Self-examination | 993 | ||
| Mammography | 994 | ||
| Breast MRI | 996 | ||
| Screening Sonography | 997 | ||
| Gamma-Emitting Radioisotope Imaging | 998 | ||
| Other Modalities | 999 | ||
| PERSONALIZED BREAST CANCER SCREENING | 999 | ||
| Mammographic Density | 1000 | ||
| Enhanced Surveillance in Increased Risk Populations | 1001 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AND CONCERNS | 1001 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1003 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1003 | ||
| Screening for Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Cancer | 1013 | ||
| Key points | 1013 | ||
| SCREENING FOR HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION | 1013 | ||
| SCREENING FOR HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION | 1015 | ||
| DIAGNOSING OTHER VIRAL HEPATITIDES | 1016 | ||
| Hepatitis A | 1016 | ||
| Hepatitis D | 1016 | ||
| Hepatitis E | 1017 | ||
| Cytomegalovirus | 1017 | ||
| Epstein-Barr Virus | 1017 | ||
| Herpes Simplex Virus | 1017 | ||
| Varicella Zoster Virus | 1018 | ||
| SCREENING FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA | 1018 | ||
| WHEN TO OBTAIN A LIVER BIOPSY TO DIAGNOSE HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA | 1019 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1019 | ||
| Prostate Cancer Screening and the Associated Controversy | 1023 | ||
| Key points | 1023 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1023 | ||
| Extent of Disease | 1023 | ||
| Natural History of Prostate Cancer | 1023 | ||
| Risk Factors | 1024 | ||
| SCREENING TECHNIQUES AND OPTIONS | 1025 | ||
| Prostate-Specific Antigen | 1025 | ||
| Impact of Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening on the Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer | 1025 | ||
| Limitations of Prostate-Specific Antigen | 1027 | ||
| CLINICAL OUTCOMES | 1028 | ||
| Prostate Cancer Screening Trials: Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian and European Randomized Study of Screening for Pr ... | 1028 | ||
| US Preventive Services Task Force 2012 Recommendation | 1029 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AND CONCERNS | 1029 | ||
| Critique of the US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation | 1029 | ||
| Impact of the US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation | 1031 | ||
| Addressing the Concerns: Strategies to Prevent Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment | 1032 | ||
| Professional Organizations’ Recommendations | 1033 | ||
| Future Directions | 1033 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1034 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1035 | ||
| Screening for Pancreatic Cancer | 1041 | ||
| Key points | 1041 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1041 | ||
| HOW EARLY DOES PANCREATIC CANCER HAVE TO BE DETECTED FOR CURE? | 1042 | ||
| TARGET LESIONS | 1042 | ||
| WHO IS AT RISK OF DEVELOPING PANCREATIC CANCER? WHO SHOULD BE SCREENED? | 1043 | ||
| How Should Individuals at Risk Be Screened? | 1046 | ||
| HOW SHOULD SUSPECTED LESIONS BE MANAGED? | 1048 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1048 | ||
| Screening and Early Detection of Gastric Cancer | 1053 | ||
| Key points | 1053 | ||
| GASTRIC CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY: MORTALITY, INCIDENCE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST | 1053 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 1056 | ||
| Helicobacter pylori | 1056 | ||
| Diet and Smoking | 1056 | ||
| GASTRIC CANCER SCREENING EFFECT: EARLY DETECTION AND THE ASIAN EXPERIENCE | 1057 | ||
| Korea | 1057 | ||
| Japan | 1057 | ||
| Taiwan | 1058 | ||
| West | 1059 | ||
| DIFFERENCE OF TREATMENT STRATEGY | 1059 | ||
| GENETIC DISPARITY | 1060 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1061 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1061 | ||
| Hereditary Colorectal Cancer | 1067 | ||
| Key points | 1067 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1068 | ||
| LYNCH SYNDROME | 1068 | ||
| Clinical Features | 1068 | ||
| Genetic Defect | 1070 | ||
| Genetic Testing | 1070 | ||
| Management | 1071 | ||
| FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS | 1072 | ||
| Clinical Features | 1072 | ||
| Genetic Defect | 1073 | ||
| Management | 1074 | ||
| Colorectum | 1074 | ||
| Upper gastrointestinal tract | 1075 | ||
| Desmoid tumors | 1075 | ||
| MUTYH-ASSOCIATED POLYPOSIS | 1076 | ||
| Clinical Features | 1076 | ||
| Genetic Defect | 1076 | ||
| Management | 1077 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1077 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 1078 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1078 | ||
| Personalized Approaches to Gastrointestinal Cancers | 1081 | ||
| Key points | 1081 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1081 | ||
| Tumor Heterogeneity | 1081 | ||
| CURRENT CONCERNS AND LIMITATIONS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY | 1083 | ||
| PERSONALIZED TREATMENT OF PANCREATIC CANCERS | 1085 | ||
| PERSONALIZED TREATMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS | 1086 | ||
| PERSONALIZED TREATMENT IN COLORECTAL CANCER | 1087 | ||
| PERSONALIZED TREATMENT IN GASTRIC CANCER | 1088 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 1089 | ||
| Oncotype DX | 1089 | ||
| ColoPrint | 1090 | ||
| Circulating Tumor Cells | 1090 | ||
| SUMMARY | 1090 | ||
| REFERENCES | 1091 | ||
| Index | 1095 |