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A Brief Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory

A Brief Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory

Stephen Frosh

(2012)

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Book Details

Abstract

Psychoanalytic theory remains hugely influential to our understanding of the mind and human behaviour. It provides a rich source of ideas for therapeutic practice, while offering dramatic insights for the study of culture and society. This comprehensive review of the field:

  • Explores the birth of psychoanalysis, taking the reader step by step through Freud's original ideas and how they developed and evolved.
  • Provides a clear account of fundamental psychoanalytic concepts.
  • Discusses the different schools of psychoanalysis that have emerged since Freud.
  • Illustrates the wider applications of psychoanalytic ideas across film, literature and politics.

Written by a highly respected authority on psychoanalysis, this book is essential reading for trainees in counselling and psychotherapy, as well as for students across the arts, humanities and social sciences.
STEPHEN FROSH Pro-Vice-Master and Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychosocial Studies at Birkbeck College, University of London, UK. He is the author of many books and papers on psychosocial studies and on psychoanalysis, including Hate and the 'Jewish Science': Anti-Semitism, Nazism and Psychoanalysis (Palgrave, 2005), For and Against Psychoanalysis (Routledge, 2006), After Words (Palgrave, 2002) and The Politics of Psychoanalysis (Palgrave, 1999). His most recent books are Psychoanalysis Outside the Clinic (Palgrave, 2010) and Feelings (Routledge, 2011).

This most impressive book should be welcomed not only by all coming new to the detailed study of psychoanalysis but also by experienced clinicians and trainees from many psychotherapeutic approaches. Frosh, in just over 200 pages, covers a vast topic clearly and accessibly, drawing on a deep and wide-ranging scholarship.' - Therapy Today

'Extremely accessible and stunningly erudite. Frosh has an uncanny capacity to pick out the most important contributions in the history of psychoanalysis.' - Professor Peter Fonagy, Freud Memorial Professor of Psychoanalysis, University College London, UK

'An extraordinary book that more than lives up to its billing. It is set to become the standard textbook for the wide-ranging courses in psychoanalytic theory that are now taught throughout the Anglophone world.' - Sander Gilman, Professor of Psychiatry, Emory University, US

'So much has been written about psychoanalysis, it is difficult to produce something new, fresh and engaging - but Stephen Frosh has done just that.' - Judith Fewell, Honorary Fellow, Counselling and Psychotherapy, Edinburgh University, UK

'A highly readable introduction to a complex subject that will be of interest to all students of psychology and trainees in the 'talking therapies'. Frosh interrogates psychoanalysis with authority, offering not only the basics of the subject but a mature understanding based on years of experience.' - Ivan Ward, Deputy Director and Head of Learning, Freud Museum, UK

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Cover
Contents v
Acknowledgements x
Part I: Freudian theory 1
1 The appeal of psychoanalysis 3
Why psychoanalysis matters 3
Psychoanalysts and others: a guide to terminology 6
Variations in psychoanalysis 7
Two core assumptions of psychoanalysts 10
Precarious psychoanalysis 11
Defending psychoanalytic values 13
Summary 15
2 A family history of psychoanalysis 16
Psychoanalytic history as myth 16
The unconscious of the psychoanalytic movement 19
Schools of psychoanalysis 22
Summary 27
3 What Freud was trying to do 28
Freud's ambition 28
Psychoanalysis as science 29
Explanations and causes 31
The occult side of Freud 32
Summary 35
4 The Freudian unconscious 37
Discovering the unconscious 37
An obsessional case 38
The nature of the unconscious 40
Working with the unconscious 42
Summary 45
5 Sex, aggression, life and death 46
What drives us on 46
The sexual drive 47
Components of the drive 49
The other drive 51
The death drive 52
Summary 55
6 Repression and other defences 56
Protecting against threats 56
Repression 58
Primary and secondary repression 60
When repression breaks down 61
Other defence mechanisms 63
Summary 67
7 The structure of the mind: Id, ego, superego 68
Models of the mind 68
The system Ucs and its friends 70
The ego and the id 72
The superego 74
Summary 76
8 Oedipus, masculinity, femininity 77
Why Oedipus? 77
The Oedipus complex 78
A psychosocial model? 82
Feminine Oedipus 83
Penis envy 85
Responses to Oedipus 86
Summary 87
9 Psychopathology: What makes us sad (and mad) 89
Psychoanalysis as psychotherapy 89
What makes us worried, sad and mad 91
Symptoms and defences 96
Therapeutic work 98
Summary 100
Part II: Developments in psychoanalytic theory 101
10 Psychoanalysts after Freud 103
Post-Freudian schools of psychoanalysis 103
Anna Freud 104
Melanie Klein 107
Donald Winnicott 109
Jacques Lacan 112
Summary 115
11 Attachment and mentalization 117
Biologically based psychoanalytic theory 117
Attachment theory 118
Attachment and psychoanalysis 120
Mentalization 123
Neuropsychoanalysis 125
Summary 127
12 The principles of object relations theory 128
Objects and object relationships 128
Some sources of object relations thinking 131
Relational thinking 133
Winnicott and the mother 134
Subjectivity and intersubjectivity 136
Summary 138
13 Mourning, melancholia, depression and loss 140
Mourning and melancholia 140
Melancholia as social being 142
The depressive position 144
Reparation 147
Depressive phenomena in the world 148
Summary 149
14 The paranoid-schizoid position and other extremes 150
Neurotic children, psychotic infants 150
The paranoid-schizoid position 152
Integrating the psyche 157
Summary 160
15 Projection and projective identification 161
Basic defences 161
Freudian projection 162
Kleinian projections 163
Projective identification 165
Projective identification and psychosis 168
Summary 170
16 Lacanian psychoanalysis 171
Style and substance 171
The subject 174
Language 176
Imaginary, Symbolic, Real 177
The four discourses 182
Summary 183
17 Interpretation and transference 185
Interpretation 185
Transference as an inner model of relationships 187
Psychoanalysis as a special relationship 190
Developments in transference 192
Negative transference 194
Summary 196
18 Psychotherapeutic relationships 197
Psychoanalysis as a relational practice 197
Countertransference 198
What the therapist feels 201
The 'analytic third' 203
Lacanian ideas on intersubjectivity 205
Summary 207
Part III: Wider applications 209
19 Psychoanalysis, art and literature 211
Applying psychoanalysis 211
Cinematic origins 213
Literature and dreams 218
Psychoanalysis as literature 220
Summary 222
20 Politics and society 223
Psychoanalysis as social theory 223
Authority and social regulation 225
Civilization 227
Gender and sexual difference 229
Summary 232
Conclusion 233
Recommended reading 240
References 246
Index 255