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Book Details
Abstract
This text offers a wide-ranging, integrated, comprehensive introduction to the field of personality differences for counsellors, looking at the key theories and exploring their application to practice. Suitable for trainee, new and experienced counsellors, this is an invaluable addition to training course reading lists.
ROWAN BAYNE is Professor of Psychology and Counselling at the University of East London, UK where he has taught counselling for over 30 years, and core tutor of the Postgraduate diploma/MA in Counselling and Psychotherapy. He is the author of three books on applied personality theory, including Psychological Types at Work: An MBTI Perspective and The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: A Critical Review and Practical Guide and several books on counselling including The Counsellor's Handbook (with Gordon Jinks).
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| List of Figures and Tables | x | ||
| Preface | xii | ||
| Acknowledgements | xv | ||
| Introduction | xvi | ||
| 1 Personality and Counselling | 1 | ||
| McAdams' integrative model of personality | 1 | ||
| Domain one: traits (or preferences) | 2 | ||
| Domain two: motives | 3 | ||
| Domain three: life stories | 3 | ||
| How personality theory is important in counselling | 4 | ||
| Research on the effectiveness of counselling | 4 | ||
| Increasing self-awareness | 5 | ||
| Improving the counselling relationship | 8 | ||
| As a new perspective on client problems | 9 | ||
| Psychological type or preference theory | 9 | ||
| The concept of 'preference' | 9 | ||
| The concept of 'psychological type' | 11 | ||
| Five factor theory or the 'Big Five' | 13 | ||
| Reframing anxiety as two preferences | 14 | ||
| Comparing preference theory and the Big Five | 15 | ||
| Validity | 15 | ||
| Tone | 16 | ||
| Versatility | 17 | ||
| Personality development | 18 | ||
| Personality change | 20 | ||
| An apparent exception | 21 | ||
| Developing the ten preferences | 22 | ||
| Four general principles | 22 | ||
| Strategies | 23 | ||
| An overview of how counsellors can use preference theory | 24 | ||
| Conclusions | 25 | ||
| Appendix: Summary of single-letter abbreviations for the ten preferences | 26 | ||
| 2 Increasing Self-awareness 1: Discovering the Preferences | 27 | ||
| Four general principles for discovering the preferences | 28 | ||
| Two case studies | 29 | ||
| Strategies for helping clients discover their preferences in a counselling session | 30 | ||
| Be clear about the meaning of each preference | 31 | ||
| Consider whether pressures early in life or now are relevant | 39 | ||
| Consider using brief exercises | 39 | ||
| Consider using Keirsey's ideas about the four temperaments | 39 | ||
| Consider using a questionnaire | 42 | ||
| Read brief descriptions of the whole types | 42 | ||
| Read longer descriptions | 43 | ||
| Two extra strategies for discovering the preferences outside a counselling session | 46 | ||
| Experiment with behaving as if you have each preference | 46 | ||
| Ask people who know you well | 46 | ||
| Replies to questions about preference theory and the process of discovering preferences | 46 | ||
| 3 Increasing Self-awareness 2: Discovering Motives | 49 | ||
| Motives and the four temperaments | 50 | ||
| Motives and the preferences | 52 | ||
| Motives for becoming a counsellor | 60 | ||
| The 'good counsellor' | 61 | ||
| Motives and your choice of counselling model or models | 61 | ||
| Discovering personal strivings | 65 | ||
| Two general methods for discovering motives | 67 | ||
| Values and strengths | 68 | ||
| 4 Improving the Counselling Relationship | 70 | ||
| Matching counsellors and clients | 71 | ||
| Four 'languages' | 71 | ||
| Stages of change | 72 | ||
| The authentic chameleon issue | 73 | ||
| Collecting feedback and the skill of immediacy | 74 | ||
| Notes on communicating with clients of each preference | 75 | ||
| Clients who prefer Extraversion (E) or Introversion (I) | 75 | ||
| Clients who prefer Sensing (S) or Intuition (N) | 76 | ||
| Clients who prefer Thinking (T) or Feeling (F) | 77 | ||
| Clients who prefer Judging (J) or Perceiving (P) | 78 | ||
| Clients who prefer Calm (C) or Worrying (W) | 78 | ||
| Two case studies | 79 | ||
| An ISFJ client | 79 | ||
| An ENFP client | 79 | ||
| The core counselling qualities | 80 | ||
| Acceptance | 80 | ||
| Empathy | 82 | ||
| Genuineness | 84 | ||
| Marketing yourself as a counsellor | 85 | ||
| Your counselling room | 86 | ||
| 5 How Personality Can Affect Clients' Problems with Love and Work | 88 | ||
| The preferences and communication: problems and strategies | 89 | ||
| The four temperaments and communication | 92 | ||
| Some problems with love | 92 | ||
| Client 1: Love bothers me: how do I know…? | 92 | ||
| Client 2: Which love style is best for me? | 94 | ||
| Client 3: We kiss so differently… | 94 | ||
| Client 4: Why do I take so long to recover…? | 95 | ||
| A note on potential problems between people with the same preferences | 95 | ||
| Client 5: I want a good relationship that lasts… | 96 | ||
| Client 6: I feel such a bad mother… | 97 | ||
| Some problems with work | 98 | ||
| Client 1: What work would suit me? | 98 | ||
| Client 2: How can I improve my CV? | 100 | ||
| Client 3: How can I improve my interview technique? | 100 | ||
| Client 4: I've been late too often… | 100 | ||
| A note on time 'management' | 101 | ||
| Client 5: We have a new trainer and I can't follow him at all… | 102 | ||
| Client 6: I've been made redundant and I'm struggling… | 103 | ||
| Client 7: I rarely speak in meetings… | 103 | ||
| 6 How Personality Can Affect Clients' Problems with Health | 104 | ||
| Physical health | 106 | ||
| Client 1: I'm tired all the time… | 106 | ||
| A note on stress | 107 | ||
| Client 2: I want to lose weight and I've tried so many different ways… | 109 | ||
| Client 3: I know I need to do more exercise but it's so boring… | 111 | ||
| Client 4: I've got Parkinson's… | 112 | ||
| A note on loss | 113 | ||
| Mental health | 114 | ||
| A note on personality disorders | 114 | ||
| A note on ADHD and ADD | 115 | ||
| A note on dementia | 116 | ||
| 7 Extended Case Studies of Personality Development | 118 | ||
| Type development from an ESTJ perspective, by Jean Kummerow | 119 | ||
| Developing my preferences and non-preferences, by an INFPC | 128 | ||
| Love of words | 128 | ||
| Love of sport | 129 | ||
| Appealing and repelling activities | 129 | ||
| Looking for romantic love | 129 | ||
| Time alone | 130 | ||
| Other preferences and non-preferences | 130 | ||
| 8 Increasing Self-awareness 3: Discovering Life Stories | 131 | ||
| How and when to suggest exploring life stories | 132 | ||
| Some methods for exploring life stories | 133 | ||
| Scripts | 133 | ||
| The life story interview | 134 | ||
| Self-defining memories | 135 | ||
| Archetypes | 135 | ||
| Analysing and reconstructing life stories | 137 | ||
| Concluding comment | 139 | ||
| Further Resources | 140 | ||
| Books and articles | 140 | ||
| Other Resources | 140 | ||
| References | 142 | ||
| Index | 151 |