Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Human culture depends on human minds for its creation, meaning and exchange. But minds also depend on culture for their contents and processes. Past resolutions to this circularity problem have tended to give too much weight to one side and too little weight to the other.
In this groundbreaking and timely work, Bradley Franks demonstrates how a more plausible resolution to the circularity problem emerges from reframing mind and culture and their relations in evolutionary terms. He proposes an alternative evolutionary approach that draws on views of mind as embodied and situated. By grounding social construction in evolution, evolution of mind is intrinsically connected to culture – resolving the circularity problem.
In developing his theory, Franks provides a balanced critical assessment of modularity-based and social constructionist approaches to understanding mind and culture.
In this breathtakingly wide-ranging survey of recent efforts to understand the relationship between mind and culture, Franks seeks a novel rapprochement between social constructionism and nativism by grounding both in an overarching evolutionary framework... This book should stimulate much debate among social scientists.' Harvey Whitehouse, Professor of Social Anthropology, University of Oxford
''Is the mind a product of culture or is culture a product of the mind? Clearly, both must be true, but the circularity of this observation has long impaired our understanding of the true relationship between the mind and culture. Using new insights from evolutionary theory, Bradley Frank shows how to break out of this circularity. The result is a book that should be read by a wide range of anthropologists, psychologists, and philosophers.'' Lee Cronk, Professor of Anthropology, Rutgers University
'As the author himself admits in his conclusion, the Circularity Problem is hardly solved here. But the sophistication of his evolutionary approach, the sheer depth and complexity of his argument, makes this book a welcome addition to an enduring issue in the human sciences.' - Michael Bloomfield, Creative Intelligence International, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
BRADLEY FRANKS is a senior lecturer in psychology at the London School of Economics. He has published widely in the areas of cognition, culture, evolutionary theory and philosophy of mind.
This book provides a critical assessment of modularity-based and social constructionist approaches to understanding mind and culture. In this groundbreaking and timely work, Franks demonstrates how a more plausible resolution to the circularity problem emerges from reframing mind and culture and their relations in evolutionary terms.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Cover | Cover | ||
Half title | i | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Dedication | v | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Acknowledgements | xi | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
1 The Circularity Problem and Social Constructionist Views | 6 | ||
Mind and culture: the Circularity Problem | 7 | ||
Social Construction, relativism and the emphasis on the cultural | 10 | ||
Varieties of Social Constructionism | 12 | ||
Challenges for Social Constructionism in general | 17 | ||
Challenges for Social Constructionism and the mind | 19 | ||
Challenges for Social Constructionism and culture | 25 | ||
The value of Social Constructionism | 29 | ||
Conclusions | 31 | ||
2 The Circularity Problem and Naturalistic Views | 32 | ||
Naturalism, universals and the emphasis on the cognitive | 32 | ||
(Non-) problems of naturalism regarding mind and culture | 36 | ||
Reductionism | 36 | ||
Individualism | 41 | ||
Other non-problems | 44 | ||
Integrating social construction and naturalism | 46 | ||
Integrating social construction and naturalism and addressing the circularity problem | 50 | ||
Conclusions | 54 | ||
3 Massive Modularity and Psychological Essentialism | 55 | ||
Massive Modularity | 55 | ||
A sketch of Massive Modularity | 55 | ||
Empirical findings and Massive Modularity | 59 | ||
Folk biology | 63 | ||
Folk sociology | 69 | ||
Conclusions | 74 | ||
4 Explanatory Approaches:Cultural and Cognitive Environments and the Evolutionary Past | 75 | ||
Introduction | 75 | ||
What might the EEA be? | 76 | ||
Critiques of the EEA concept | 78 | ||
Empirical limitations | 78 | ||
Empirical contradictions | 80 | ||
The EEA as theoretical construct | 84 | ||
Responses to challenges to the EEA concept | 91 | ||
Deny a role for the EEA (and adaptations) | 91 | ||
Reframe the nature and role of the EEA | 91 | ||
Conclusions | 95 | ||
5 Massive Modularity and Adaptations | 97 | ||
Problems of modules as mental faculties | 97 | ||
Problems of modules as adaptations | 100 | ||
The nature of modules versus the nature of adaptations | 101 | ||
Modular distinctions and adaptive functions | 116 | ||
Adaptations again | 118 | ||
Adaptation by natural selection andother evolutionary possibilities | 120 | ||
Implications for representations and adaptations | 125 | ||
Conclusions | 127 | ||
6 Representation, Motivation and Affect | 129 | ||
Representation producers and consumers: representation-of and representation-for | 129 | ||
Motivation, affect and cognition: inward-facing embodiment | 135 | ||
Embodiment in mind | 136 | ||
Inward-facing embodiment: affect | 137 | ||
Motivation, affect and cognition: egocentrism | 150 | ||
Indication, representation and adaption | 153 | ||
Conclusions | 154 | ||
7 Mind, Situation and Representation | 156 | ||
Context and flexibility in cognition | 156 | ||
Modularity, context and flexibility | 158 | ||
Flexible modularity: flexibility within module operation | 159 | ||
Flexible modularity: modularization | 161 | ||
Flexible modularity: module orchestration | 166 | ||
Context effects: extended cognition | 168 | ||
External memory and extended thought | 169 | ||
Indication, affordance and extendedness | 173 | ||
Decoupled representations | 181 | ||
Evolution and extended cognition | 187 | ||
Conclusions | 188 | ||
8 Culture, Embodiment and Extended Mind | 189 | ||
Culture and mind: affordances, indication and representation | 189 | ||
General cultural affordances | 189 | ||
Dialogical affordances and cultural affordances | 191 | ||
Extendedness, niches and resources for thinking | 198 | ||
Niches | 199 | ||
Folk theories and resources for thinking and acting | 202 | ||
Culture, decoupling, translationism and transformationism | 206 | ||
Culture again | 209 | ||
Joint and individual intentions | 209 | ||
Culture again again | 212 | ||
Culture and social construction again | 214 | ||
Conclusions | 215 | ||
9 Varieties of Theory of Mind, Affordances, Indication and Culture | 216 | ||
Introduction: theory of mind and culture | 216 | ||
Aspects of theory of mind | 218 | ||
Embodiment, egocentrism and theory of mind | 222 | ||
Affect, subjectivity and theory of mind | 222 | ||
Affordances, indication and theory of mind | 229 | ||
Egocentrism and theory of mind | 234 | ||
Conclusions | 238 | ||
10 Adaptations, Culture and External Theory of Mind | 239 | ||
Adaptations for theory of mind | 239 | ||
Culture and external theory of mind | 242 | ||
External theory of mind | 243 | ||
External theory of mind and transformationist relations between mind and culture | 252 | ||
Conclusions | 255 | ||
11 Cultural Evolution, Cultural Transmission and Cultural Patterns | 256 | ||
Culture once more | 256 | ||
Cultural evolution | 260 | ||
Biological adaptations that are implicated in culture: imitation and related notions | 262 | ||
Cultural adaptations: external theory of mind | 269 | ||
External theory of mind: adaptive or maladaptive cultural change? | 271 | ||
Cultural patterns | 273 | ||
Systematicity of culture: holism and the frame problem | 273 | ||
Culture, implicitness and explicitness | 277 | ||
Holism and cumulative cultural evolution | 282 | ||
Group and multi-level selection | 282 | ||
Multi-level selection | 282 | ||
Diffi culties in assessing the role of group selection | 284 | ||
Cultural impacts on biology? | 287 | ||
Conclusions | 290 | ||
12 Circularity Revisited: Mind and Culture in Interaction | 291 | ||
Introduction | 291 | ||
Revisiting folk biology and folk sociology | 292 | ||
Weak social construction | 292 | ||
Affect and embodiment | 299 | ||
Forms of culture, shareability and decoupled representations | 300 | ||
Decoupling, shareability and portability | 300 | ||
Culture and decoupling: affect and egocentrism | 307 | ||
Culture and decoupling: contradictory cultural pressures | 313 | ||
Adaptations for culture | 320 | ||
Mind and culture: circularity revisited | 322 | ||
References | 326 | ||
Index | 355 |