Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Damjanov’s Pathology for the Health Professions, 5th Edition is the best resource for clear, concise, and clinically relevant information on general pathology. Praised for its stunning collection of pathology images, this engaging, easy-to-understand text covers the most frequently encountered diseases that today’s healthcare students need to know. This new edition discusses the latest in cerebral palsy, coronary artery bypass, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer’s, and drug therapy for HIV. A unique DEPPiCT approach presents major diseases in a consistent format for Disease, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Pathology, Clinical features, and Therapy or prognosis.
- UNIQUE! DEPPiCT approach helps you study more efficiently by presenting each major disease in format that includes a Disease description, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Pathology, Clinical features, and a short discussion on Therapy or prognosis.
- More than 500 high-quality, full-color images reinforce your understanding of disease conditions and general pathology principles.
- A clear, non-technical writing style makes complex concepts more engaging and easier to understand.
- Evolve Resources for Students include PowerPoint student lecture notes, Body Spectrum online coloring book, and 30 animations.
- Learning objectives and review questions help you identify the most important concepts and assess your understanding of essential principles.
- Key terms are listed at the beginning of each chapter and in a comprehensive glossary to help you easily access definitions of terms.
- Did You Know boxes showcase interesting clinical tidbits and addressing the most relevant health issues of today.
- Evolve Resources for Instructors include an Instructor’s Manual, test bank, PowerPoint slides, ARQ’s for iClicker, image collection, answer key for end-of-chapter review questions, 30 animations, and web links.
- UPDATED! All chapters revised to include new data on major diseases and to reflect other changes in guidelines and literature.
- NEW and UPDATED! Expanded discussion of important tumors, such as: gastrointestinal stromal tumors, testicular tumors, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and lung cancer.
- UPDATED! Expanded coverage of important disorders, such as: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, diabetes mellitus, and cardiomyopathies.
- EXPANDED! Added molecular biology data on important malignant tumors.
- UPDATED! New terminology for many diseases conforms to clinical usage of these terms (for example, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, sexually transmitted infections, etc.).
- Did You Know boxes reflect current health care concerns and help you apply content in the book to everyday practice.
- NEW! Addresses infectious diseases that are important in clinics.
- EXPANDED! New illustrations help enhance learning.
- UPDATED! Revised review questions focus on critical issues.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Half title page | i | ||
| Evolve page | ii | ||
| Pathology for the Health Professions | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Acknowledgments | vi | ||
| Reviewers and Ancillary Writers | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Table Of Contents | xi | ||
| Introduction | xii | ||
| Welcome to the Wonderful World of Pathology! | xii | ||
| Chapter1 Cell Pathology | 1 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 2 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 1 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 2 | ||
| Structure and Function of Normal Cells | 3 | ||
| Nucleus | 3 | ||
| Cytoplasm | 3 | ||
| Mitochondria | 3 | ||
| Ribosomes | 4 | ||
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | 4 | ||
| Golgi Apparatus | 5 | ||
| Lysosomes | 5 | ||
| Hyaloplasm and Cytoskeleton | 6 | ||
| Plasma Membrane | 6 | ||
| Integration and Coordination of Cell Functions and Response to Injury | 6 | ||
| Integration of Function of Normal Cells | 6 | ||
| Reversible Cell Injury | 8 | ||
| Irreversible Cell Injury | 10 | ||
| Causes of Cell Injury | 10 | ||
| Hypoxia and Anoxia | 10 | ||
| Toxic Injury | 11 | ||
| Microbial Pathogens | 12 | ||
| Mediators of Inflammatory and Immune Reactions | 12 | ||
| Genetic and Metabolic Disturbances | 12 | ||
| Cell Adaptations | 12 | ||
| Atrophy | 13 | ||
| Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia | 13 | ||
| Metaplasia | 14 | ||
| Intracellular Accumulations | 15 | ||
| Anthracosis | 15 | ||
| Hemosiderosis | 15 | ||
| Lipid Accumulation | 15 | ||
| Aging | 16 | ||
| Death | 16 | ||
| Cell Death | 17 | ||
| Necrosis | 17 | ||
| Coagulative Necrosis | 17 | ||
| Liquefactive Necrosis | 17 | ||
| Caseous Necrosis | 17 | ||
| Enzymatic Fat Necrosis | 18 | ||
| Apoptosis | 18 | ||
| Review Questions | 20 | ||
| Chapter2 Inflammation | 21 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 22 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 21 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 22 | ||
| Signs of Inflammation | 23 | ||
| Pathogenesis of Inflammation | 24 | ||
| Circulatory Changes | 24 | ||
| Vascular Changes | 25 | ||
| Mediators of Inflammation | 25 | ||
| Histamine | 26 | ||
| Bradykinin | 26 | ||
| Complement system | 26 | ||
| Arachidonic acid derivatives | 27 | ||
| Cellular Events in Inflammation | 27 | ||
| Emigration of Leukocytes | 27 | ||
| Phagocytosis | 28 | ||
| Cells of Inflammation | 30 | ||
| Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils | 30 | ||
| Eosinophils | 30 | ||
| Basophils | 31 | ||
| Macrophages | 31 | ||
| Platelets | 31 | ||
| Other Cells | 31 | ||
| Classification of Inflammation | 31 | ||
| Duration | 31 | ||
| Etiology | 31 | ||
| Location | 32 | ||
| Pathology of Inflammation | 32 | ||
| Serous Inflammation | 32 | ||
| Fibrinous Inflammation | 33 | ||
| Purulent Inflammation | 33 | ||
| Ulcerative Inflammation | 34 | ||
| Pseudomembranous Inflammation | 34 | ||
| Chronic Inflammation | 34 | ||
| Granulomatous Inflammation | 35 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 35 | ||
| Healing and Repair | 36 | ||
| Wound Healing | 37 | ||
| Cells Participating in Healing | 37 | ||
| Myofibroblasts | 37 | ||
| Angioblasts | 37 | ||
| Fibroblasts | 37 | ||
| Clinical Wound Healing | 38 | ||
| Delayed Wound Healing | 39 | ||
| Complications of Wound Healing | 40 | ||
| Review Questions | 40 | ||
| Chapter3 Immunopathology | 42 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 43 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 42 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 43 | ||
| Immune Response | 44 | ||
| Innate Immunity | 44 | ||
| Acquired Immunity | 44 | ||
| Cells of the Immune System | 45 | ||
| Lymphocytes | 45 | ||
| T-Lymphocytes | 47 | ||
| B-Lymphocytes | 47 | ||
| Plasma Cells | 47 | ||
| Antibodies | 47 | ||
| Antibody Production | 49 | ||
| Major Histocompatibility Complex | 49 | ||
| Antigen-Antibody Reaction | 49 | ||
| Hypersensitivity Reactions | 50 | ||
| Type I Hypersensitivity | 50 | ||
| Hay Fever | 50 | ||
| Atopic Dermatitis | 51 | ||
| Asthma | 52 | ||
| Anaphylactic Shock | 52 | ||
| Type II Hypersensitivity | 52 | ||
| Hemolytic Anemia | 53 | ||
| Goodpasture’s Syndrome | 53 | ||
| Graves’ Disease | 53 | ||
| Myasthenia Gravis | 53 | ||
| Type III Hypersensitivity | 53 | ||
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 54 | ||
| Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis | 55 | ||
| Polyarteritis Nodosa | 55 | ||
| Type IV Hypersensitivity | 55 | ||
| Transplantation | 56 | ||
| Transplant Rejection | 57 | ||
| Hyperacute Rejection | 57 | ||
| Acute Rejection | 57 | ||
| Chronic Rejection | 57 | ||
| Clinical Use of Transplantation | 58 | ||
| Graft-Versus-Host Reaction | 58 | ||
| Blood Transfusion | 58 | ||
| Rh Factor Incompatibility | 59 | ||
| Autoimmune Diseases | 61 | ||
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 61 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 61 | ||
| Pathology | 62 | ||
| Clinical Features | 62 | ||
| Immunodeficiency Diseases | 62 | ||
| Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases | 63 | ||
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | 64 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 64 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 64 | ||
| Clinical Features | 65 | ||
| Pathology | 65 | ||
| Treatment | 67 | ||
| Amyloidosis | 68 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 68 | ||
| Pathology | 68 | ||
| Clinical Features | 69 | ||
| Review Questions | 69 | ||
| Chapter4 Neoplasia | 70 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 71 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 70 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 71 | ||
| Terminology | 72 | ||
| Classification of Tumors | 72 | ||
| Benign and Malignant Tumors | 73 | ||
| Macroscopic Features | 73 | ||
| Microscopic Features | 73 | ||
| Cellular Features | 73 | ||
| Chromosomal Studies | 74 | ||
| Biologic Features | 74 | ||
| Metastasis | 75 | ||
| Histologic Classification of Tumors | 76 | ||
| Tumor Staging and Grading | 78 | ||
| Biology of Tumor Cells | 79 | ||
| Biochemistry of Cancer Cells | 79 | ||
| Growth Properties in Cell Culture | 79 | ||
| Causes of Cancer | 80 | ||
| Identification of Human Carcinogens | 81 | ||
| Industrial Carcinogens | 82 | ||
| Drugs as Carcinogens | 82 | ||
| Chemical Carcinogens | 83 | ||
| Action of Chemical Carcinogens | 83 | ||
| Physical Carcinogens | 84 | ||
| Natural Biologic Carcinogens | 85 | ||
| Viral Carcinogens | 85 | ||
| Human DNA Viruses | 86 | ||
| Human papillomaviruses | 86 | ||
| Epstein-Barr virus | 86 | ||
| Hepatitis B virus | 86 | ||
| Human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus 1 | 86 | ||
| Human Oncogenes | 86 | ||
| Point Mutation | 87 | ||
| Gene Amplification | 87 | ||
| Chromosomal Rearrangements | 87 | ||
| Insertion of Viral Genome | 87 | ||
| Tumor Suppressor Genes | 87 | ||
| Hereditary Cancer | 88 | ||
| Immune Response to Tumors | 89 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations of Neoplasia | 90 | ||
| Local Symptoms | 90 | ||
| Systemic Symptoms | 90 | ||
| Cancer Epidemiology | 91 | ||
| Incidence | 91 | ||
| Prevalence | 92 | ||
| Mortality | 92 | ||
| Review Questions | 92 | ||
| Chapter5 Genetic and Developmental Diseases | 94 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 95 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 94 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 95 | ||
| Normal Embryonic Development | 95 | ||
| Developmental Malformations | 97 | ||
| Genetic Factors | 98 | ||
| Exogenous Teratogens | 98 | ||
| Physical Teratogens | 98 | ||
| Chemical Teratogens | 98 | ||
| Microbial Teratogens | 99 | ||
| Chromosomal Abnormalities | 99 | ||
| Structural Chromosomal Abnormalities | 99 | ||
| Numerical Chromosomal Abnormalities | 100 | ||
| Trisomy 21 (Down’s Syndrome) | 100 | ||
| Abnormalities of Sex Chromosomes | 101 | ||
| Turner’s Syndrome | 102 | ||
| Klinefelter’s Syndrome | 102 | ||
| Single-Gene Disorders | 102 | ||
| Autosomal Dominant Disorders | 103 | ||
| Marfan’s Syndrome | 104 | ||
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | 104 | ||
| Autosomal Recessive Disorders | 105 | ||
| Cystic Fibrosis | 105 | ||
| Lysosomal Storage Diseases | 106 | ||
| Phenylketonuria | 107 | ||
| X-Linked Recessive Disorders | 108 | ||
| Hemophilia | 109 | ||
| Muscular Dystrophy | 110 | ||
| Fragile X Syndrome | 110 | ||
| Multifactorial Inheritance | 110 | ||
| Anencephaly | 111 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 112 | ||
| Prenatal Diagnosis | 112 | ||
| Prematurity | 113 | ||
| Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome | 114 | ||
| Birth Injury | 115 | ||
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome | 115 | ||
| Review Questions | 115 | ||
| Chapter6 Fluid and Hemodynamic Disorders | 117 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 117 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 117 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 118 | ||
| Edema | 119 | ||
| Forms of Edema | 119 | ||
| Inflammatory Edema | 119 | ||
| Hydrostatic Edema | 119 | ||
| Oncotic Edema | 119 | ||
| Lymphedema | 120 | ||
| Hypervolemic Edema | 120 | ||
| Complex Forms of Edema | 120 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 120 | ||
| Hyperemia | 121 | ||
| Active Hyperemia | 121 | ||
| Passive Hyperemia | 121 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 121 | ||
| Cardiac Hemorrhage | 122 | ||
| Aortic Hemorrhage | 122 | ||
| Arterial Hemorrhage | 122 | ||
| Capillary Hemorrhage | 122 | ||
| Venous Hemorrhage | 122 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 123 | ||
| Thrombosis | 123 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 123 | ||
| Coagulation proteins, | 123 | ||
| Endothelial cells | 123 | ||
| Platelets | 124 | ||
| Endothelial Cell Injury | 124 | ||
| Hemodynamic Changes | 124 | ||
| Hypercoagulability of Blood | 124 | ||
| Pathology | 124 | ||
| Outcome | 126 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 126 | ||
| Embolism | 127 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 127 | ||
| Venous emboli | 127 | ||
| Arterial emboli | 127 | ||
| Infarction | 128 | ||
| White or Pale Infarcts | 128 | ||
| Red Infarcts | 129 | ||
| Outcome | 129 | ||
| Shock | 129 | ||
| Cardiogenic Shock | 130 | ||
| Hypovolemic Shock | 130 | ||
| Hypotonic Shock | 130 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 130 | ||
| Pathology | 131 | ||
| Clinicopathologic Correlations | 131 | ||
| Compensated shock | 131 | ||
| Decompensated shock | 131 | ||
| Irreversible shock | 132 | ||
| Review Questions | 132 | ||
| Chapter7 The Cardiovascular System | 133 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 134 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 133 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 134 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 135 | ||
| Heart | 135 | ||
| Blood Vessels | 135 | ||
| Lymphatics | 137 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 138 | ||
| Special Pathology | 139 | ||
| Congenital Heart Disease | 139 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 139 | ||
| Pathology | 140 | ||
| Septal Defects | 140 | ||
| Atrial Septal Defect | 140 | ||
| Ventricular Septal Defect | 140 | ||
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 141 | ||
| Atherosclerosis | 141 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 141 | ||
| Risk Factors | 143 | ||
| Atherosclerosis of the Aorta | 145 | ||
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 145 | ||
| Coronary Heart Disease | 146 | ||
| Pathology | 146 | ||
| Complications | 148 | ||
| Clinical Features | 148 | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 148 | ||
| Angina pectoris | 149 | ||
| Myocardial infarct | 150 | ||
| Diagnosis | 150 | ||
| Treatment | 151 | ||
| Hypertension and Hypertensive Heart Disease | 152 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 152 | ||
| Blood volume | 153 | ||
| Cardiac output | 154 | ||
| Peripheral resistance | 154 | ||
| Pathology | 154 | ||
| Cardiomegaly | 154 | ||
| Vascular pathology | 155 | ||
| Hypertensive encephalopathy | 155 | ||
| Hypertensive retinopathy | 155 | ||
| Rheumatic Heart Disease | 155 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 155 | ||
| Pathology | 156 | ||
| Clinical Features | 157 | ||
| Infectious Diseases of the Heart | 157 | ||
| Endocarditis | 157 | ||
| Chapter8 The Respiratory System | 165 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 166 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 165 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 166 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 167 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 169 | ||
| Special Pathology | 170 | ||
| Infectious Diseases | 170 | ||
| Upper Respiratory Infections | 170 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 170 | ||
| Pathology | 171 | ||
| Clinical Features | 171 | ||
| Middle Respiratory Syndromes | 171 | ||
| Croup | 171 | ||
| Epiglottitis | 172 | ||
| Bronchiolitis | 172 | ||
| Pneumonia | 172 | ||
| Etiology | 173 | ||
| Upper respiratory flora | 173 | ||
| Enteric saprophytes | 173 | ||
| Extraneous pathogens | 173 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 174 | ||
| Pathology | 174 | ||
| Complications | 175 | ||
| Clinical Features | 175 | ||
| Special Forms of Pneumonia | 176 | ||
| Atypical Pneumonia | 176 | ||
| Pulmonary Tuberculosis | 176 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 176 | ||
| Clinical Features | 178 | ||
| Fungal Diseases | 178 | ||
| Lung Abscess | 178 | ||
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 178 | ||
| Chronic Bronchitis | 179 | ||
| Bronchiectasis | 179 | ||
| Emphysema | 179 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 179 | ||
| Pathology | 180 | ||
| Clinical Features | 180 | ||
| Immune Diseases | 180 | ||
| Asthma | 181 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 182 | ||
| Pathology | 182 | ||
| Chapter9 The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Systems | 200 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 200 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 200 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 201 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 201 | ||
| Peripheral Blood | 202 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 205 | ||
| Special Pathology | 207 | ||
| Anemia | 207 | ||
| Classification | 207 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 207 | ||
| Decreased hematopoiesis | 207 | ||
| Abnormal hematopoiesis | 208 | ||
| Increased loss and destruction of red blood cells | 208 | ||
| Morphology of Anemia | 208 | ||
| Aplastic Anemia | 209 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 209 | ||
| Pathology | 209 | ||
| Clinical Features | 209 | ||
| Iron Deficiency Anemia | 210 | ||
| Etiology | 210 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 210 | ||
| Pathology | 211 | ||
| Clinical Features | 211 | ||
| Megaloblastic Anemia | 211 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 211 | ||
| Pathology | 212 | ||
| Clinical Features | 212 | ||
| Hemolytic Anemias | 212 | ||
| Sickle Cell Anemia | 213 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 213 | ||
| Pathology | 213 | ||
| Clinical Features | 213 | ||
| Thalassemia | 214 | ||
| Clinical Features | 215 | ||
| Hereditary Spherocytosis | 216 | ||
| Immune Hemolytic Anemia | 216 | ||
| Polycythemia | 217 | ||
| Clinical Features | 218 | ||
| Leukocytic Disorders | 218 | ||
| Leukopenia | 218 | ||
| Leukocytosis | 218 | ||
| Malignant Diseases of White Blood Cells | 219 | ||
| Classification | 219 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 219 | ||
| Leukemias | 220 | ||
| Clinical Features | 220 | ||
| Specific Forms of Leukemia | 220 | ||
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 220 | ||
| Acute myelogenous leukemia | 221 | ||
| Chronic myelogenous leukemia | 221 | ||
| Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | 221 | ||
| Lymphoma | 222 | ||
| Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas | 223 | ||
| Light Microscopy | 223 | ||
| Ancillary Techniques | 223 | ||
| Immunohistochemistry | 223 | ||
| Flow cytometry | 224 | ||
| Cytogenetic and genetic analysis | 224 | ||
| Clinical Features | 224 | ||
| Follicular lymphoma | 224 | ||
| Diffuse large b-cell lymphoma | 224 | ||
| Burkitt’s lymphoma | 224 | ||
| Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | 225 | ||
| Clinical Features | 225 | ||
| Multiple Myeloma | 225 | ||
| Bleeding Disorders | 227 | ||
| Normal Hemostasis | 227 | ||
| Major Bleeding Disorders | 228 | ||
| Vascular Disorders | 229 | ||
| Mechanical trauma | 229 | ||
| Vessel wall weakness | 229 | ||
| Immune mechanisms | 229 | ||
| Platelet Disorders | 229 | ||
| Clotting Factor Deficiencies | 230 | ||
| Review Questions | 231 | ||
| Chapter10 The Gastrointestinal System | 233 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 233 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 233 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 234 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 235 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 236 | ||
| Special Pathology | 238 | ||
| Diseases of the Oral Cavity | 238 | ||
| Developmental Abnormalities | 238 | ||
| Inflammation | 238 | ||
| Dental Caries | 238 | ||
| Periodontal Disease | 238 | ||
| Stomatitis | 240 | ||
| Oral Cancer | 240 | ||
| Salivary Gland Diseases | 240 | ||
| Sialadenitis | 240 | ||
| Neoplasms | 241 | ||
| Diseases of the Esophagus | 241 | ||
| Developmental Abnormalities | 241 | ||
| Hiatal Hernia | 241 | ||
| Motility Disorders of the Esophagus | 241 | ||
| Esophagitis | 242 | ||
| Circulatory Disturbances | 243 | ||
| Carcinoma of the Esophagus | 243 | ||
| Pathology | 243 | ||
| Clinical Features | 243 | ||
| Diseases of the Stomach and Duodenum | 243 | ||
| Developmental Abnormalities | 244 | ||
| Gastritis | 244 | ||
| Peptic Ulcer | 245 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 245 | ||
| Pathology | 245 | ||
| Clinical Features | 246 | ||
| Gastric Neoplasms | 246 | ||
| Carcinoma of the Stomach | 246 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 246 | ||
| Pathology | 247 | ||
| Clinical Features | 248 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Lymphoma | 248 | ||
| Diseases of the Small and Large Intestine | 248 | ||
| Developmental Abnormalities | 248 | ||
| Diverticulosis | 249 | ||
| Intestinal Vascular Diseases | 249 | ||
| Hemorrhoids | 249 | ||
| Angiodysplasia of the Intestines | 249 | ||
| Ischemic Bowel Disease | 250 | ||
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 250 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 250 | ||
| Crohn’s Disease | 251 | ||
| Pathology | 251 | ||
| Clinical Features | 251 | ||
| Ulcerative Colitis | 252 | ||
| Pathology | 252 | ||
| Clinical Features | 252 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Infections | 253 | ||
| Bacterial Diarrhea | 253 | ||
| Pseudomembranous Colitis | 254 | ||
| Clinical Features | 254 | ||
| Viral Gastroenteritis | 254 | ||
| Protozoal Enteritis | 254 | ||
| Acute Appendicitis | 255 | ||
| Clinical Features | 255 | ||
| Peritonitis | 256 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 256 | ||
| Pathology | 256 | ||
| Clinical Features | 256 | ||
| Intestinal Obstruction | 256 | ||
| Hernia | 256 | ||
| Intussusception | 257 | ||
| Volvulus | 257 | ||
| Malabsorption Syndromes | 257 | ||
| Pathology | 259 | ||
| Celiac Sprue | 259 | ||
| Tropical Sprue | 259 | ||
| Whipple’s Disease | 259 | ||
| Clinical Features of Malabsorption Syndromes | 259 | ||
| Intestinal Neoplasms | 260 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 260 | ||
| Genetic factors | 260 | ||
| Dietary factors | 261 | ||
| Nonneoplastic Polyps | 261 | ||
| Hyperplastic Polyps | 261 | ||
| Hamartomas | 261 | ||
| Inflammatory Polyps | 261 | ||
| Neoplastic Polyps | 261 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 262 | ||
| Pathology | 262 | ||
| Clinical Features | 264 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Carcinoids | 264 | ||
| Pathology | 264 | ||
| Clinical Features | 265 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors | 265 | ||
| Review Questions | 265 | ||
| Chapter11 The Liver and Biliary System | 267 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 268 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 267 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 268 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 268 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 269 | ||
| Special Pathology | 272 | ||
| Jaundice | 272 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 272 | ||
| Clinical Features | 274 | ||
| Viral Hepatitis | 274 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 274 | ||
| Forms of Hepatitis | 274 | ||
| Hepatitis A | 274 | ||
| Hepatitis B | 275 | ||
| Clinical Features | 276 | ||
| Hepatitis C | 276 | ||
| Hepatitis D | 277 | ||
| Hepatitis E | 277 | ||
| Pathology | 277 | ||
| Cirrhosis | 278 | ||
| Etiology | 278 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 278 | ||
| Pathology | 280 | ||
| Clinical Features | 280 | ||
| Drug- and Toxin-Induced Liver Diseases | 283 | ||
| Alcoholic Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis | 283 | ||
| Hereditary Diseases of the Liver | 284 | ||
| Gilbert’s Disease | 284 | ||
| Hemochromatosis | 284 | ||
| Wilson’s Disease | 284 | ||
| Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency | 285 | ||
| Immune Disorders | 285 | ||
| Autoimmune Hepatitis | 285 | ||
| Primary Biliary Cirrhosis | 286 | ||
| Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | 287 | ||
| Bacterial, Protozoal, and Parasitic Infections | 287 | ||
| Gallstones | 287 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 287 | ||
| Pathology | 288 | ||
| Clinical Features | 288 | ||
| Hepatobiliary Neoplasms | 289 | ||
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 289 | ||
| Chapter12 The Pancreas | 294 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 294 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 294 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 295 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 295 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 296 | ||
| Special Pathology | 297 | ||
| Pancreatitis | 297 | ||
| Acute Pancreatitis | 297 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 297 | ||
| Pathology | 298 | ||
| Complications | 299 | ||
| Clinical Features | 300 | ||
| Chronic Pancreatitis | 301 | ||
| Pathology | 301 | ||
| Clinical Features | 302 | ||
| Pancreatic Neoplasms | 302 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas | 302 | ||
| Pathology | 303 | ||
| Clinical Features | 303 | ||
| Tumors of the Endocrine Pancreas | 304 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 305 | ||
| Definition and Classification | 305 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 306 | ||
| Pathology | 307 | ||
| Complications | 307 | ||
| Clinical Features | 308 | ||
| Review Questions | 309 | ||
| Chapter13 The Urinary Tract | 310 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 310 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 310 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 311 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 311 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 312 | ||
| Urinary Signs and Symptoms | 313 | ||
| Systemic Signs and Symptoms | 314 | ||
| Special Pathology | 314 | ||
| Developmental Disorders | 314 | ||
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | 314 | ||
| Glomerular Diseases | 315 | ||
| Classification | 315 | ||
| Immunologic Diseases | 315 | ||
| Metabolic Disorders | 315 | ||
| Circulatory Disturbances | 316 | ||
| Multiple Mechanisms | 316 | ||
| Chapter14 The Male Reproductive System | 330 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 330 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 330 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 330 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 331 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 333 | ||
| Special Pathology | 333 | ||
| Infertility | 333 | ||
| Congenital Abnormalities | 334 | ||
| Cryptorchidism | 334 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 334 | ||
| Pathology | 334 | ||
| Chapter15 The Female Reproductive System | 347 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 347 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 347 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 348 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 349 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 352 | ||
| Special Pathology | 353 | ||
| Developmental Abnormalities | 353 | ||
| Inflammatory Diseases | 353 | ||
| Bacterial Infections | 354 | ||
| Chlamydial Infections | 354 | ||
| Viral Infections | 354 | ||
| Fungal Infections | 355 | ||
| Protozoal Infections | 355 | ||
| Clinically Important Infections | 355 | ||
| Genital Viral Infections | 355 | ||
| Infectious Vaginitis | 356 | ||
| Chlamydial Infections | 356 | ||
| Gonorrhea | 356 | ||
| Syphilis | 356 | ||
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease | 356 | ||
| Hormonally Induced Lesions | 356 | ||
| Endometrial Hyperplasia | 356 | ||
| Neoplasia and Related Disorders | 357 | ||
| Carcinoma of the Vulva | 357 | ||
| Carcinoma of the Vagina | 358 | ||
| Carcinoma of the Cervix | 358 | ||
| Etiology | 358 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 359 | ||
| Pathology | 360 | ||
| Clinical Features | 360 | ||
| Tumors of the Uterus | 361 | ||
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 361 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 361 | ||
| Pathology | 362 | ||
| Clinical Features | 363 | ||
| Leiomyoma | 363 | ||
| Endometriosis | 364 | ||
| Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions of the Ovary | 365 | ||
| Ovarian Cysts | 365 | ||
| Ovarian Neoplasms | 365 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 365 | ||
| Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors | 367 | ||
| Germ Cell Tumors | 367 | ||
| Sex Cord Stromal Tumors | 368 | ||
| Metastases | 369 | ||
| Pathology of Pregnancy | 369 | ||
| Pathology of Fertilization | 369 | ||
| Ovum-Related Factors | 370 | ||
| Sperm-Related Factors | 370 | ||
| Genital Organ Factors | 370 | ||
| Systemic Factors | 370 | ||
| Pathology of Implantation | 370 | ||
| Ectopic Pregnancy | 370 | ||
| Pathology of Placentation | 371 | ||
| Placental Anomalies | 371 | ||
| Placenta Accreta | 371 | ||
| Placenta Previa | 371 | ||
| Abortion | 371 | ||
| Gestational Trophoblastic Disease | 372 | ||
| Hydatidiform Mole | 372 | ||
| Clinical Features | 372 | ||
| Pathology | 372 | ||
| Choriocarcinoma | 372 | ||
| Toxemia of Pregnancy | 373 | ||
| Review Questions | 373 | ||
| Chapter16 The Breast | 375 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 375 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 375 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 375 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 376 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 377 | ||
| Special Pathology | 378 | ||
| Developmental Anomalies | 378 | ||
| Inflammation of the Breast | 378 | ||
| Hormonally Induced Changes | 379 | ||
| Pubertal Changes | 379 | ||
| Gynecomastia | 379 | ||
| Fibrocystic Change | 379 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 379 | ||
| Pathology | 380 | ||
| Clinical Features | 380 | ||
| Proliferative Breast Disease with Atypia | 381 | ||
| Pathology | 381 | ||
| Benign Tumors | 381 | ||
| Malignant Tumors | 381 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 381 | ||
| Risk Factors | 382 | ||
| Pathology | 383 | ||
| Clinical Features | 383 | ||
| Tumors of the Male Breast | 387 | ||
| Review Questions | 388 | ||
| Chapter17 The Endocrine System | 389 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 389 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 389 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 390 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 391 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 392 | ||
| Special Pathology | 393 | ||
| Pituitary Diseases | 393 | ||
| Syndromes of Pituitary Hyperfunction | 394 | ||
| Pituitary Hypofunction | 395 | ||
| Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors | 395 | ||
| Thyroid Diseases | 395 | ||
| Hyperthyroidism | 395 | ||
| Clinical Features | 396 | ||
| Hypothyroidism | 396 | ||
| Chapter18 The Skin | 407 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 407 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 407 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 407 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 408 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 409 | ||
| Special Pathology | 410 | ||
| Pathology of Basic Skin Lesions | 410 | ||
| Congenital Disorders | 411 | ||
| External Injury | 411 | ||
| Mechanical Trauma | 411 | ||
| Pressure Ulcers | 411 | ||
| Thermal Injury | 412 | ||
| Burns | 412 | ||
| Cold Injuries | 413 | ||
| Electrical Injury | 413 | ||
| Radiation Injury | 413 | ||
| Sunlight Injury | 413 | ||
| Ionizing Radiation | 414 | ||
| Infectious Diseases | 414 | ||
| Bacterial Infections | 414 | ||
| Fungal Infections | 415 | ||
| Viral Diseases | 416 | ||
| Insect Infestations and Bites | 416 | ||
| Acne | 416 | ||
| Idiopathic and Immune Disorders | 416 | ||
| Eczema | 416 | ||
| Exogenous Eczema | 417 | ||
| Endogenous Eczema | 417 | ||
| Seborrheic Dermatitis | 417 | ||
| Psoriasis | 418 | ||
| Neoplasms | 418 | ||
| Epithelial Tumors | 418 | ||
| Seborrheic Keratosis | 418 | ||
| Basal Cell Carcinoma | 418 | ||
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 419 | ||
| Pigmented Lesions | 420 | ||
| Malignant Melanoma | 420 | ||
| Clinical Features | 421 | ||
| Dermal Connective Tissue Tumors | 422 | ||
| Kaposi’s Sarcoma | 422 | ||
| Dermal Tumors Derived From Bloodborne Cells | 422 | ||
| Diseases of the Nails | 422 | ||
| Hair Diseases | 423 | ||
| Review Questions | 424 | ||
| Chapter19 Bones and Joints | 425 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 425 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 425 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 426 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 426 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 428 | ||
| Special Pathology | 429 | ||
| Developmental and Genetic Disorders | 429 | ||
| Achondroplasia | 429 | ||
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | 429 | ||
| Infectious Diseases | 430 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | 430 | ||
| Etiology | 430 | ||
| Pathogenesis and Pathology | 430 | ||
| Circulatory Disturbances | 430 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 431 | ||
| Clinical Features | 431 | ||
| Metabolic Disorders | 431 | ||
| Osteoporosis | 431 | ||
| Etiology | 431 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 432 | ||
| Pathology | 432 | ||
| Clinical Features | 433 | ||
| Osteomalacia | 433 | ||
| Etiology | 433 | ||
| Chapter20 Muscles and Peripheral Nerves | 448 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 448 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 448 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 449 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 449 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 450 | ||
| Special Pathology | 452 | ||
| Neurogenic Atrophy | 452 | ||
| Myasthenia Gravis | 455 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 455 | ||
| Pathology | 455 | ||
| Clinical Symptoms | 455 | ||
| Muscular Dystrophies | 456 | ||
| Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy | 457 | ||
| Pathology | 457 | ||
| Clinical Features | 458 | ||
| Other Dystrophies | 458 | ||
| Congenital Myopathies | 459 | ||
| Acquired Myopathies | 460 | ||
| Diabetic Myopathy | 460 | ||
| Cancer Myopathy | 460 | ||
| Mechanical Injury of Muscles | 460 | ||
| Myositis | 461 | ||
| Infectious Myositis | 461 | ||
| Immune Myositis | 461 | ||
| Pathology | 462 | ||
| Clinical Features | 462 | ||
| Soft Tissue Tumors | 462 | ||
| Pathology and Clinics | 463 | ||
| Review Questions | 464 | ||
| Chapter21 The Nervous System | 466 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 466 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 466 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 467 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 468 | ||
| Histology of the Brain | 469 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 469 | ||
| Special Pathology | 472 | ||
| Developmental Disorders | 472 | ||
| Anencephaly and Dysraphic Disorders | 472 | ||
| Intracranial Hemorrhages | 472 | ||
| Epidural Hematomas | 473 | ||
| Subdural Hematomas | 474 | ||
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhages | 474 | ||
| Intracerebral Hemorrhage | 475 | ||
| Cerebrovascular Diseases | 475 | ||
| Global Ischemia | 475 | ||
| Cerebral Infarct | 475 | ||
| Intracerebral Hemorrhage | 477 | ||
| Trauma | 477 | ||
| Brain Injury | 477 | ||
| Neck and Spinal Cord Injuries | 478 | ||
| Infections | 478 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 478 | ||
| Pathology | 479 | ||
| AIDS-related infections | 480 | ||
| Autoimmune Diseases | 480 | ||
| Multiple Sclerosis | 480 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 481 | ||
| Pathology | 481 | ||
| Clinical Features | 481 | ||
| Metabolic and Nutritional Diseases | 482 | ||
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism | 482 | ||
| Nutritional Diseases | 482 | ||
| Alcoholism | 482 | ||
| Neurodegenerative Diseases | 483 | ||
| Alzheimer’s Disease | 483 | ||
| Chapter22 The Eye | 492 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 492 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 492 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 492 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 493 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 494 | ||
| Special Pathology | 495 | ||
| Developmental Disorders | 495 | ||
| Trauma | 496 | ||
| Infections | 496 | ||
| Immunologic Disease | 497 | ||
| Circulatory Disorders | 498 | ||
| Hypertensive Retinopathy | 498 | ||
| Diabetic Retinopathy | 498 | ||
| Pathology | 498 | ||
| Glaucoma | 499 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 499 | ||
| Pathology | 499 | ||
| Cataract | 500 | ||
| Neoplasms | 500 | ||
| Retinoblastoma | 500 | ||
| Malignant Melanoma | 501 | ||
| Review Questions | 501 | ||
| Chapter23 The Ear | 502 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 502 | ||
| Learning Objectives | 502 | ||
| Key Terms and Concepts | 502 | ||
| Normal Anatomy and Physiology | 502 | ||
| Overview of Major Diseases | 503 | ||
| Special Pathology | 504 | ||
| Diseases of the External Ear | 504 | ||
| Diseases of the Middle Ear | 504 | ||
| Otitis Media | 504 | ||
| Otosclerosis | 506 | ||
| Diseases of the Inner Ear | 506 | ||
| Ménière’s Disease | 506 | ||
| Deafness | 506 | ||
| Classification | 506 | ||
| Conductive Hearing Loss | 506 | ||
| Sensory Hearing Loss | 507 | ||
| Neural Hearing Loss | 507 | ||
| Review Questions | 507 | ||
| Glossary | 508 | ||
| A | 508 | ||
| B | 509 | ||
| C | 509 | ||
| D | 511 | ||
| E | 511 | ||
| F | 512 | ||
| G | 512 | ||
| H | 513 | ||
| I | 514 | ||
| J | 515 | ||
| K | 515 | ||
| L | 515 | ||
| M | 515 | ||
| N | 516 | ||
| O | 517 | ||
| P | 517 | ||
| R | 519 | ||
| S | 519 | ||
| T | 520 | ||
| U | 520 | ||
| V | 521 | ||
| W | 521 | ||
| X | 521 | ||
| Y | 521 | ||
| Z | 521 | ||
| Index | 522 | ||
| A | 522 | ||
| B | 523 | ||
| C | 523 | ||
| D | 524 | ||
| E | 524 | ||
| F | 525 | ||
| G | 525 | ||
| H | 526 | ||
| I | 526 | ||
| J | 527 | ||
| K | 527 | ||
| L | 527 | ||
| M | 528 | ||
| N | 528 | ||
| O | 528 | ||
| P | 529 | ||
| R | 529 | ||
| S | 530 | ||
| T | 530 | ||
| U | 531 | ||
| V | 531 | ||
| W | 531 | ||
| X | 531 | ||
| Y | 531 | ||
| Z | 531 | ||
| Inside Back Cover | ibc1 |