Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Richly illustrated and comprehensive in scope, Abdominal Imaging, 2nd Edition, by Drs. Dushyant V. Sahani and Anthony E. Samir, is your up-to-date, one-volume source for evaluating the full range of diagnostic, therapeutic, and interventional challenges in this fast-changing field. Part of the Expert Radiology series, this highly regarded reference covers all modalities and organ systems in a concise, newly streamlined format for quicker access to common and uncommon findings. Detailed, expert guidance, accompanied by thousands of high-quality digital images, helps you make the most of new technologies and advances in abdominal imaging.
- Offers thorough coverage of all diagnostic modalities for abdominal imaging: radiographs, fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT, MRI, PET and PET/CT.
- Helps you select the best imaging approaches and effectively interpret your findings with a highly templated, well-organized, at-a-glance organization.
- Covers multi-modality imaging of the esophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, bile ducts, spleen, pelvic lymph nodes, kidneys, urinary tract, prostate, and peritoneum.
- Includes new chapters on esophageal imaging; 5RECIST, WHO, and other response criteria; and a new section on oncologic imaging.
- Keeps you up to date with the latest developments in image-guided therapies, dual-energy CT, elastography, and much more.
- Features more than 2,400 high-quality images, including 240 images new to this edition.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Abdominal Imaging | i | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Editors | vii | ||
| Preface | xviii | ||
| Table Of Contents | xix | ||
| 1 Imaging Techniques | 1 | ||
| 1 Conventional Imaging of Abdomen | 2 | ||
| 1 Plain Radiography of the Abdomen | 3 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 3 | ||
| Pros and Cons | 3 | ||
| Controversies | 3 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 4 | ||
| Intraluminal Gas | 5 | ||
| Extraluminal Gas | 5 | ||
| Calcification | 5 | ||
| Soft Tissues and Bone | 6 | ||
| Artifacts | 6 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 6 | ||
| Renal Colic | 6 | ||
| Intestinal Obstruction | 7 | ||
| Perforation of the Intestine | 7 | ||
| Appendicitis | 7 | ||
| Intussusception | 7 | ||
| Body Packers | 7 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 7 | ||
| Small Bowel | 7 | ||
| Colon | 8 | ||
| Miscellaneous Findings | 8 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 9 | ||
| References | 9 | ||
| 2 Fluoroscopic Study of the Abdomen and Fluoroscopic Contrast Media | 10 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 10 | ||
| Fluoroscopy | 10 | ||
| History | 10 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 10 | ||
| Fluoroscopic Examinations | 10 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Fluoroscopic Procedures | 10 | ||
| Genitourinary Fluoroscopic Procedures | 10 | ||
| Interventional Procedures | 10 | ||
| Other Examinations | 10 | ||
| Fluoroscopic Contrast Agents | 11 | ||
| Barium | 11 | ||
| Water-Soluble Contrast Agents | 12 | ||
| Gastrografin | 13 | ||
| Oral Administration | 13 | ||
| Enemas or Enterostomy Instillations | 13 | ||
| Oral Gastrografin Indications | 14 | ||
| Equipment Factors | 14 | ||
| Patient Factors | 14 | ||
| Side Effects | 14 | ||
| Barium | 14 | ||
| Iodinated Oral Contrast Media | 14 | ||
| Pros and Cons | 14 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 14 | ||
| References | 15 | ||
| 2 Ultrasound | 16 | ||
| 3 Abdominal Ultrasound Imaging | 17 | ||
| Basic Physics | 17 | ||
| Definition | 17 | ||
| Properties of Ultrasound | 17 | ||
| Safety | 17 | ||
| Instrumentation | 17 | ||
| General Abdominal Ultrasonography | 17 | ||
| Equipment | 18 | ||
| Preparation for Examination | 18 | ||
| Normal Ultrasound Image | 19 | ||
| Liver | 19 | ||
| Gallbladder and Bile Duct | 19 | ||
| Pancreas | 19 | ||
| Spleen | 20 | ||
| Kidney and Adrenal Gland | 20 | ||
| Ureters, Bladder and Prostate | 21 | ||
| Scrotum | 21 | ||
| Digestive Tract | 22 | ||
| Retroperitoneal Great Vessels | 22 | ||
| Abdominal Wall and Peritoneum | 22 | ||
| Suggest Readings | 23 | ||
| References | 23 | ||
| 4 Tissue Harmonic Imaging and Doppler Ultrasound Imaging | 24 | ||
| Tissue Harmonic Imaging | 24 | ||
| 2 Nontraumatic Acute Abdomen | 93 | ||
| 6 Nontraumatic Acute Abdomen | 94 | ||
| 14 Ureteral and Kidney Stones | 95 | ||
| Etiology | 95 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 95 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 95 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 95 | ||
| Imaging | 95 | ||
| Radiography | 95 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 95 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 97 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 97 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 97 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 98 | ||
| Treatment | 98 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 98 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 98 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 99 | ||
| References | 99 | ||
| 15 Acute Appendicitis | 100 | ||
| Etiology | 100 | ||
| Epidemiology | 100 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 100 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 100 | ||
| Pathology | 100 | ||
| Imaging | 100 | ||
| Radiography | 100 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 100 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 100 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 101 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 102 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 102 | ||
| Treatment | 103 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 104 | ||
| References | 104 | ||
| 16 Hollow Viscus Perforation | 105 | ||
| Etiology | 105 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 105 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 105 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 105 | ||
| Pathology | 106 | ||
| Imaging | 106 | ||
| Radiography | 106 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 106 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 108 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 109 | ||
| Treatment | 109 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 109 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 109 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 109 | ||
| References | 110 | ||
| 17 Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding | 111 | ||
| Etiology | 111 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 111 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 111 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 111 | ||
| Imaging | 111 | ||
| Radiography | 111 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 111 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 112 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 112 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 113 | ||
| Treatment | 113 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 113 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 114 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 115 | ||
| References | 115 | ||
| 3 Esophagus and Stomach | 117 | ||
| 7 Esophagus and Stomach Imaging | 118 | ||
| 18 Esophageal Imaging | 119 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 119 | ||
| Anatomy | 119 | ||
| Imaging | 119 | ||
| Pathologic Conditions | 119 | ||
| Benign Esophageal Tumors | 119 | ||
| Mucosal Tumors | 119 | ||
| Submucosal Tumors | 119 | ||
| Leiomyoma | 120 | ||
| Esophageal Cyst | 120 | ||
| Fibrovascular Polyp | 120 | ||
| Malignant Esophageal Tumors | 121 | ||
| Esophageal Cancer | 121 | ||
| Tumor Classification | 121 | ||
| Node Classification | 122 | ||
| Metastasis Classification | 122 | ||
| Neuroendocrine Tumors | 122 | ||
| Other Malignant Esophageal Tumors | 123 | ||
| Other Esophageal Diseases | 123 | ||
| Achalasia | 123 | ||
| Esophageal Varices | 123 | ||
| Esophageal Perforation | 123 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 125 | ||
| References | 125 | ||
| 19 Imaging of the Stomach and Duodenum | 126 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 126 | ||
| Technique | 126 | ||
| Stomach Views | 126 | ||
| Duodenum Views | 126 | ||
| Single-Contrast Examination | 126 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 126 | ||
| Patterns and Appearances on Barium Studies | 127 | ||
| Gastric Ulcers | 127 | ||
| Duodenal Ulcers | 128 | ||
| Narrowing of the Stomach (Linitis Plastica Pattern) | 129 | ||
| Filling Defects in the Stomach | 129 | ||
| Thickening of Gastric Folds | 129 | ||
| Extrinsic Lesions | 129 | ||
| Widening of the Duodenal C Loop | 129 | ||
| Computed Tomography of the Stomach | 129 | ||
| Gastric Ulcer | 129 | ||
| Generalized Gastric Wall Thickening | 130 | ||
| Primary Malignant Neoplasms | 131 | ||
| Gastric Lymphoma | 131 | ||
| Submucosal Lesions | 132 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors | 132 | ||
| Leiomyosarcoma | 132 | ||
| Metastasis | 132 | ||
| Miscellaneous Disorders | 132 | ||
| Gastric Varices | 132 | ||
| Gastric Distention | 133 | ||
| Computed Tomography of the Duodenum | 133 | ||
| Inflammatory Conditions | 134 | ||
| Duodenal Diverticulum | 134 | ||
| Neoplasm | 135 | ||
| Malignant Tumors | 135 | ||
| Secondary Involvement | 135 | ||
| References | 136 | ||
| 8 Stomach Lesions | 137 | ||
| 20 Mucosal Diseases of the Stomach | 138 | ||
| Malignant Mucosal Processes | 138 | ||
| Etiology | 138 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 138 | ||
| Benign Diseases Causing Mucosal Ulcerations | 138 | ||
| Benign Diseases Causing Polyps and Masses | 138 | ||
| Benign Diseases Causing Diffuse Mucosal Abnormalities | 138 | ||
| Pathology | 139 | ||
| Imaging | 139 | ||
| Ulcers | 139 | ||
| Radiography. | 139 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 139 | ||
| Polyps and Masses | 140 | ||
| 4 Small Bowel and Colon | 161 | ||
| 10 Small Bowel | 162 | ||
| 24 Imaging the Small Bowel | 163 | ||
| Fluoroscopic Small Bowel Imaging Techniques | 163 | ||
| Small Bowel Follow-Through | 163 | ||
| Fluoroscopic Enteroclysis | 163 | ||
| Small Bowel Computed Tomography Techniques | 163 | ||
| Abdominal and Pelvic Computed Tomography | 163 | ||
| Computed Tomography Enterography | 163 | ||
| Computed Tomography Enteroclysis | 165 | ||
| Small Bowel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques | 166 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Enterography | 166 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Enteroclysis | 167 | ||
| Ultrasound Evaluation of Small Bowel | 167 | ||
| Imaging | 169 | ||
| Normal Appearance | 169 | ||
| The Abnormal Small Bowel | 169 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine Evaluation of Small Bowel | 169 | ||
| Imaging of Inflammation and Infection | 170 | ||
| Principle | 170 | ||
| Image Interpretation | 170 | ||
| Pros and Cons | 171 | ||
| Imaging of Meckel’s Diverticulum | 171 | ||
| 5 Liver and Pancreas | 313 | ||
| 12 Liver | 314 | ||
| 35 Imaging of the Liver | 315 | ||
| Ultrasound | 315 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 315 | ||
| Technique | 315 | ||
| Patient Preparation and Positioning. | 315 | ||
| Scanning Approach and Anatomic Overview. | 315 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 315 | ||
| Relevant Morphologic Features | 315 | ||
| Normal Hemodynamics | 315 | ||
| Diffuse Liver Disease | 317 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 317 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 317 | ||
| Dual-Phase Imaging | 318 | ||
| Contrast Volume | 318 | ||
| Technical Aspects for Image Postprocessing | 319 | ||
| Postprocessing Techniques for Computed Tomography Angiography | 319 | ||
| Advanced Postprocessing Applications | 320 | ||
| Dual-Energy Computed Tomography | 321 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 322 | ||
| Indications | 322 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 322 | ||
| T1-Weighted Imaging | 322 | ||
| T2-Weighted Imaging | 323 | ||
| Contrast-Enhanced Imaging | 324 | ||
| Gadolinium Contrast Agents | 325 | ||
| Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Particles (Ferumoxides) | 326 | ||
| Technique Optimization and New Developments | 326 | ||
| Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 326 | ||
| Elastography | 327 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 328 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 328 | ||
| Radiopharmaceuticals | 328 | ||
| Cholescintigraphy | 328 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 328 | ||
| Cholecystokinin and Morphine Sulfate. | 328 | ||
| Indications | 329 | ||
| Acute Cholecystitis | 329 | ||
| Bile Leaks | 329 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 329 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 330 | ||
| References | 330 | ||
| 36 Benign Focal Lesions | 332 | ||
| Etiology | 332 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 332 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 332 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 332 | ||
| Pathology | 332 | ||
| Imaging | 332 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 332 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 332 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 332 | ||
| Specific Lesions | 334 | ||
| Simple (Bile Duct) Cyst | 334 | ||
| Etiology | 334 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 334 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 334 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 334 | ||
| Pathology | 334 | ||
| Liver Function | 334 | ||
| Imaging | 334 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 334 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 334 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 335 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 335 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 335 | ||
| Treatment | 336 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 336 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 336 | ||
| Hepatic Hemangioma | 336 | ||
| Etiology | 336 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 337 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 337 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 337 | ||
| Pathology | 337 | ||
| Liver Function | 338 | ||
| Imaging | 338 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 338 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 338 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 339 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 340 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 340 | ||
| Treatment | 340 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 340 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 340 | ||
| Hepatocellular Adenoma | 340 | ||
| Etiology | 340 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 340 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 340 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 341 | ||
| Pathology | 341 | ||
| Liver Function | 342 | ||
| Imaging | 342 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 342 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 342 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 342 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 342 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 342 | ||
| Treatment | 342 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 342 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 342 | ||
| Focal Nodular Hyperplasia | 342 | ||
| Etiology | 342 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 343 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 343 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 343 | ||
| Pathology | 343 | ||
| Liver Function | 343 | ||
| Imaging | 344 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 344 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 344 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 344 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 344 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 344 | ||
| Treatment | 345 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 345 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 345 | ||
| Large Benign Regenerative Nodules | 345 | ||
| Etiology | 345 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 346 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 346 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 346 | ||
| Pathology | 346 | ||
| Liver Function | 346 | ||
| Imaging | 346 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 346 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 346 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 346 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 346 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 346 | ||
| Treatment | 347 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 347 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 347 | ||
| Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess | 347 | ||
| Etiology | 347 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 347 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 347 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 347 | ||
| Pathology | 348 | ||
| Liver Function | 348 | ||
| Imaging | 348 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 348 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 348 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 348 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 348 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 348 | ||
| Treatment | 349 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 349 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 349 | ||
| Summary | 350 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 351 | ||
| References | 351 | ||
| 37 Malignant Focal Lesions | 353 | ||
| Etiology | 353 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 353 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 353 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 353 | ||
| Pathology | 353 | ||
| Liver Function | 353 | ||
| Imaging | 353 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 353 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 353 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 354 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography | 354 | ||
| Specific Lesions | 354 | ||
| Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma | 354 | ||
| Etiology | 354 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 354 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 354 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 354 | ||
| Pathology | 354 | ||
| Liver Function | 354 | ||
| Imaging | 354 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 354 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 354 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 354 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 356 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 356 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 356 | ||
| Treatment | 356 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 356 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 357 | ||
| Angiosarcoma | 357 | ||
| Etiology | 357 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 358 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 358 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 358 | ||
| Pathology | 358 | ||
| Liver Function | 358 | ||
| Imaging | 358 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 358 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 358 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 358 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 359 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 359 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 359 | ||
| Treatment | 359 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 359 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 359 | ||
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Noncirrhotic Liver | 359 | ||
| Etiology | 359 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 359 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 359 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 359 | ||
| Pathology | 359 | ||
| Liver Function | 359 | ||
| Imaging | 359 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 359 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 359 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 360 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 360 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 360 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 360 | ||
| Treatment | 360 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 360 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 361 | ||
| Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 361 | ||
| Etiology | 361 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 361 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 361 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 361 | ||
| Pathology | 361 | ||
| Liver Function | 361 | ||
| Imaging | 361 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 361 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 361 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 361 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 361 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 361 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 361 | ||
| Treatment | 363 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 363 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 363 | ||
| Hepatoblastoma | 364 | ||
| Etiology | 364 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 364 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 364 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 364 | ||
| Pathology | 364 | ||
| Liver Function | 364 | ||
| Imaging | 364 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 364 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 364 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 364 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 364 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 365 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 365 | ||
| Treatment | 365 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 365 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 365 | ||
| Lymphoma | 365 | ||
| Etiology | 365 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 365 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 365 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 365 | ||
| Pathology | 365 | ||
| Liver Function | 365 | ||
| Imaging | 365 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 365 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 365 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 366 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 366 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 366 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 366 | ||
| Treatment | 367 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 367 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 367 | ||
| Hepatic Metastases | 367 | ||
| Etiology | 367 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 367 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 367 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 367 | ||
| Pathology | 367 | ||
| Liver Function | 367 | ||
| Imaging | 368 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 368 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 368 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 369 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography With Computed Tomography. | 369 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 369 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 369 | ||
| Treatment | 370 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 370 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 370 | ||
| Summary | 370 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 372 | ||
| References | 372 | ||
| 38 Fatty Liver Disease | 373 | ||
| Etiology | 373 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 373 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 373 | ||
| Pathology | 374 | ||
| Imaging | 374 | ||
| Radiography | 375 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 375 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 377 | ||
| Ultrasound | 378 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 380 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 380 | ||
| Hepatic Fat Detection | 380 | ||
| Hepatic Fat Quantification | 381 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 381 | ||
| Treatment | 381 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 381 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 381 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 382 | ||
| References | 382 | ||
| 39 Hepatic Iron Overload | 384 | ||
| Etiology | 384 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 384 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 384 | ||
| Pathology | 385 | ||
| Imaging | 385 | ||
| Radiography | 385 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 386 | ||
| Unenhanced Computed Tomography | 386 | ||
| Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography | 386 | ||
| Extrahepatic Findings. | 386 | ||
| Computed Tomography Quantification of Hepatic Iron Overload. | 386 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 386 | ||
| Unenhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 386 | ||
| Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 386 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Features of Extrahepatic Iron Overload. | 387 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Quantification of Hepatic Iron Overload. | 387 | ||
| Ultrasound | 389 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 389 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 389 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 390 | ||
| Treatment | 390 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 390 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 390 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 391 | ||
| References | 391 | ||
| 40 Hepatic Storage Disorders | 393 | ||
| Etiology | 393 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 393 | ||
| Wilson’s Disease | 393 | ||
| Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency | 393 | ||
| 6 Gallbladder, Bile Ducts, and Spleen | 565 | ||
| 14 Gallbladder and Bile Ducts | 566 | ||
| 52 Dilated Bile Ducts | 567 | ||
| Etiology | 567 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 567 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 567 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 570 | ||
| Pathology | 570 | ||
| Imaging | 570 | ||
| Radiography | 571 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 571 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography | 572 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 574 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 574 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography | 574 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 575 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 575 | ||
| Treatment | 576 | ||
| Specific Lesions | 579 | ||
| Choledocholithiasis | 579 | ||
| Etiology | 579 | ||
| Epidemiology and Definitions | 579 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 579 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 579 | ||
| Imaging | 579 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 579 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography. | 579 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 579 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 580 | ||
| Treatment | 580 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 580 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 580 | ||
| Postoperative Bile Duct Strictures | 580 | ||
| Etiology | 580 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 581 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 581 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 581 | ||
| Pathology | 581 | ||
| Imaging | 581 | ||
| Radiography. | 581 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 581 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography. | 581 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine. | 581 | ||
| Treatment | 582 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 582 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 582 | ||
| Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | 582 | ||
| Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology | 582 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 582 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 583 | ||
| Pathology | 583 | ||
| Imaging | 583 | ||
| Radiography. | 583 | ||
| Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 583 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 583 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 583 | ||
| Treatment | 584 | ||
| Medical Treatment. | 584 | ||
| Surgical Treatment. | 585 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 585 | ||
| References | 585 | ||
| 53 Tumors of the Gallbladder | 587 | ||
| Etiology | 587 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 587 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 587 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 587 | ||
| Pathology | 587 | ||
| Imaging | 587 | ||
| Radiography | 587 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 588 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 588 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 588 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 589 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography | 589 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 589 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 589 | ||
| Treatment | 590 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 590 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 590 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 593 | ||
| References | 593 | ||
| 54 Intrahepatic Bile Duct Tumors | 594 | ||
| Etiology | 594 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 594 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 594 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 594 | ||
| Pathology | 594 | ||
| Imaging | 594 | ||
| Radiography | 595 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 596 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 596 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 596 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 597 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography | 597 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 597 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 597 | ||
| Treatment | 598 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 598 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 599 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 599 | ||
| References | 599 | ||
| 55 Extrahepatic Bile Duct Tumors | 601 | ||
| Etiology | 601 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 601 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 601 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 601 | ||
| Pathology | 601 | ||
| Imaging | 602 | ||
| Radiography | 602 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 602 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 603 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 604 | ||
| Nuclear Medicine | 604 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography | 605 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm | 605 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 605 | ||
| Treatment | 606 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 606 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 607 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 607 | ||
| References | 608 | ||
| 56 Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening | 609 | ||
| Normal Gallbladder Wall | 609 | ||
| Thickened Gallbladder Wall | 609 | ||
| Primary Gallbladder Wall Thickening | 610 | ||
| Acute Cholecystitis | 610 | ||
| Etiology | 610 | ||
| 7 Abdominal and Pelvic Lymph Nodes | 699 | ||
| 16 Abdominal and Pelvic Lymph Nodes | 700 | ||
| 61 Lymph Node Imaging Techniques and Clinical Role | 701 | ||
| Lymph Node Imaging Techniques | 701 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 701 | ||
| Retrocrural Nodes | 703 | ||
| Gastric Nodes | 703 | ||
| Gastrohepatic Ligament Nodes | 703 | ||
| Portohepatic Nodes | 703 | ||
| Pancreaticoduodenal Nodes | 703 | ||
| Perisplenic Nodes | 703 | ||
| Mesenteric Nodes | 703 | ||
| Celiac, Superior Mesenteric, and Inferior Mesenteric Nodes | 703 | ||
| Para-Aortic Nodes | 704 | ||
| External Iliac Nodes | 704 | ||
| Internal Iliac Nodes | 704 | ||
| Common Iliac Nodes | 705 | ||
| Inguinal Lymph Nodes | 705 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 706 | ||
| Technique | 706 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 706 | ||
| Measurement of Nodal Size. | 706 | ||
| Mimics of Abnormal Lymph Nodes on Computed Tomography. | 706 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Pathology | 706 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 707 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 707 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Pathology | 707 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 708 | ||
| Diffusion Weighted Imaging | 708 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Lymphangiography | 708 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 708 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Pathology | 709 | ||
| Positron Emission Tomography | 710 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 710 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Pathology | 710 | ||
| Clinical Role of Lymph Node Imaging | 710 | ||
| Benign Diseases of Lymph Nodes | 711 | ||
| Infective and Noninfective Lymphadenitis | 711 | ||
| Infective Lymphadenitis | 711 | ||
| 8 Urogenital Imaging | 727 | ||
| 17 Kidneys and Urinary Tract | 728 | ||
| 62 Imaging of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract | 729 | ||
| Anatomy Overview | 729 | ||
| The Kidney | 729 | ||
| Introduction to Renal Imaging Modalities | 729 | ||
| Radiography | 729 | ||
| Intravenous Urography | 730 | ||
| Ultrasonography | 731 | ||
| Technique | 731 | ||
| Indications | 731 | ||
| Stones | 731 | ||
| Obstruction | 731 | ||
| Infection | 732 | ||
| Tumors | 733 | ||
| Renal Cystic Disease | 733 | ||
| Renal Parenchymal Disease | 733 | ||
| Vascular Abnormalities | 733 | ||
| Transplants | 734 | ||
| Computed Tomography | 736 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 736 | ||
| Specific Indications and Techniques | 736 | ||
| Urolithiasis and Suspected Renal Colic | 736 | ||
| Renal Mass Characterization | 737 | ||
| Hematuria and Evaluation for Urothelial Neoplasm | 738 | ||
| Preoperative Planning (Nephron-Sparing Surgery and Renal Donor Surgery) | 738 | ||
| Computed Tomography Cystography | 739 | ||
| Trauma | 740 | ||
| Infection | 740 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 740 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 740 | ||
| Morphologic Magnetic Resonance Imagine of the Upper Urinary Tract, Ureters, and Bladder | 740 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Urography | 741 | ||
| Pathophysiology and Pathology | 741 | ||
| Solid Mass Characterization | 741 | ||
| Staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma | 741 | ||
| Cystic Mass Evaluation | 741 | ||
| Simple Cysts. | 741 | ||
| Complex Cysts. | 741 | ||
| Evaluation of the Urinary Tract and Urothelium With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Urography | 742 | ||
| Stone Detection. | 742 | ||
| Noncalculous Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction. | 742 | ||
| Congenital Anomalies. | 742 | ||
| Evaluation of the Bladder | 742 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bladder Cancer. | 742 | ||
| Renal Magnetic Resonance Angiography. | 743 | ||
| Nuclear Imaging | 744 | ||
| Technical Aspects | 744 | ||
| 9 Abdominal Wall and Hernias | 997 | ||
| 26 Abdominal Wall and Hernias | 998 | ||
| 83 Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Conditions of the Abdominal Wall | 999 | ||
| Non-neoplastic Conditions | 999 | ||
| Abdominal Wall InflamMation, Infection, and Fluid Collection | 999 | ||
| Etiology | 999 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 999 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 999 | ||
| Pathology | 999 | ||
| Imaging | 999 | ||
| Radiography. | 999 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 999 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 999 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 999 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 999 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 999 | ||
| Treatment | 1001 | ||
| Traumatic Abnormalities, Including Abdominal Wall Hematoma | 1001 | ||
| Etiology | 1001 | ||
| Prevalence and Epidemiology | 1001 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 1001 | ||
| Pathology | 1001 | ||
| Imaging | 1001 | ||
| Computed Tomography. | 1001 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging. | 1002 | ||
| Ultrasonography. | 1002 | ||
| Imaging Algorithm. | 1002 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 1002 | ||
| Treatment | 1002 | ||
| Endometriomas | 1003 | ||
| 10 Oncologic Imaging | 1027 | ||
| 27 General Concepts | 1028 | ||
| 85 Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, World Health Organization, and Other Response Criteria | 1029 | ||
| Response Criteria Based on Tumor Burden Measurement | 1029 | ||
| World Health Organization Criteria | 1029 | ||
| Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria | 1029 | ||
| RECIST 1.0 | 1029 | ||
| RECIST 1.1 | 1029 | ||
| Measurability of Tumor Burden | 1030 | ||
| Target Lesion (Measurable Lesion) | 1030 | ||
| Nonmeasurable Lesion | 1030 | ||
| Tumor Response Evaluation | 1031 | ||
| Response Categories | 1031 | ||
| Target Lesion Evaluation | 1031 | ||
| Nontarget Lesion Evaluation | 1031 | ||
| Overall Response | 1031 | ||
| Role of Volumetric and Functional Imaging | 1031 | ||
| Response Assessment Based on Tumor Density Measurement | 1031 | ||
| Choi Criteria | 1031 | ||
| Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors | 1032 | ||
| Response Assessment Based on Fluorodeoxyglucose With Positron Emission Tomography: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Criteria | 1033 | ||
| Response Assessment Based on Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography: Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors | 1033 | ||
| Response Criteria for Lymphoma | 1034 | ||
| Future Trends | 1036 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 1036 | ||
| References | 1037 | ||
| 86 Image-Guided Therapy | 1038 | ||
| Image-Guided Treatment Options | 1038 | ||
| Imaging Protocol | 1039 | ||
| Imaging: Pretreatment Evaluation | 1039 | ||
| Tumor Staging | 1039 | ||
| Tumor Location | 1040 | ||
| Local Tumor Invasion and Metastatic Disease | 1041 | ||
| Vascular Anatomy | 1042 | ||
| Tumor Metabolism | 1042 | ||
| Estimation of Functional Reserve | 1043 | ||
| Imaging: Posttreatment Evaluation | 1044 | ||
| Imaging Appearances | 1044 | ||
| Percutaneous Ablation | 1044 | ||
| Intra-Arterial Therapies | 1046 | ||
| Image-Guided Radiation Therapy | 1047 | ||
| Monitoring Response to Loco-Regional Therapies | 1048 | ||
| Complications | 1049 | ||
| Advanced Imaging Methods | 1049 | ||
| Postprocessing Techniques | 1049 | ||
| Tumor Volumetry | 1049 | ||
| Necrosis Quantification | 1051 | ||
| Dual-Energy Computed Tomography | 1051 | ||
| Hepatobiliary Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents | 1051 | ||
| Functional Magnetic Resonance Technique | 1051 | ||
| References | 1052 | ||
| Index | 1055 | ||
| A | 1055 | ||
| B | 1057 | ||
| C | 1058 | ||
| D | 1062 | ||
| E | 1063 | ||
| F | 1064 | ||
| G | 1064 | ||
| H | 1065 | ||
| I | 1067 | ||
| J | 1068 | ||
| K | 1068 | ||
| L | 1068 | ||
| M | 1069 | ||
| N | 1071 | ||
| O | 1071 | ||
| P | 1072 | ||
| R | 1074 | ||
| S | 1075 | ||
| T | 1077 | ||
| U | 1078 | ||
| V | 1079 | ||
| W | 1079 | ||
| X | 1079 | ||
| Y | 1079 | ||
| Z | 1079 | ||
| Inside Back Cover | ibc1 |