BOOK
Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery, An Issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics, E-Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics, edited by Dr. Gregory Branham, is devoted to Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery. Articles in this issue include: Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelid; Assessment of Eyelid Function and Esthetics; Periorbital Surgery: Forehead, Brow and Midface; Upper Lid Blepharoplasty; Lower Lid Blepharoplasty; Injectable Adjunctive Procedures for Cosmesis and Function; Peels, Lasers, and Topical Treatments for Periorbital Rejuvenation; Correction of Lid Crease Asymmetries and Ptosis; Lower Lid Malposition: Causes and Corrections; Upper Eyelid Reconstruction; Lower Eyelid Reconstruction; and Complications of Eyelid Surgery.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Functional and CosmeticEyelid Surgery\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Preface: Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery\r | v | ||
| Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelids\r | v | ||
| Evaluation of Eyelid Function and Aesthetics\r | v | ||
| Periorbital Surgery: Forehead, Brow, and Midface\r | v | ||
| Upper Lid Blepharoplasty\r | v | ||
| Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty\r | vi | ||
| Injectable Adjunctive Procedures for Cosmesis and Function\r | vi | ||
| Periorbital Rejuvenation: Overview of Nonsurgical Treatment Options\r | vi | ||
| Correction of Eyelid Crease Asymmetry and Ptosis\r | vi | ||
| Lower Lid Malposition: Causes and Correction\r | vi | ||
| Upper Eyelid Reconstruction\r | vi | ||
| Lower Eyelid Reconstruction\r | vii | ||
| Complications in Eyelid Surgery\r | vii | ||
| FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY CLINICS\rOF NORTH AMERICA\r | viii | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | viii | ||
| August 2016 | viii | ||
| November 2016 | viii | ||
| February 2017 | viii | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | viii | ||
| February 2016 | viii | ||
| November 2015 | viii | ||
| August 2015 | viii | ||
| Preface: Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery\r | ix | ||
| Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelids | 89 | ||
| Key points | 89 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 89 | ||
| ANTERIOR LAMELLAE | 89 | ||
| Upper Eyelid | 89 | ||
| Lower Eyelid | 90 | ||
| ORBITAL SEPTUM AND PRESEPTAL FAT PADS | 90 | ||
| Upper Eyelid | 90 | ||
| Lower Eyelid | 91 | ||
| POSTERIOR LAMELLAE | 91 | ||
| Upper Eyelid | 91 | ||
| Lower Eyelid | 92 | ||
| POSTSEPTAL ORBITAL FAT | 93 | ||
| Upper Eyelid | 93 | ||
| Lower Eyelid | 93 | ||
| LACRIMAL SYSTEM | 93 | ||
| NEUROVASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC ANATOMY | 94 | ||
| SUMMARY | 94 | ||
| REFERENCES | 94 | ||
| Evaluation of Eyelid Function and Aesthetics | 97 | ||
| Key points | 97 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 97 | ||
| THE BEAUTIFUL EYE | 97 | ||
| Symmetry | 97 | ||
| Aging | 98 | ||
| SKIN | 98 | ||
| UPPER EYELID | 98 | ||
| Upper Eyelid Height | 99 | ||
| Levator Function | 100 | ||
| Upper Eyelid Crease, Tarsal Platform Show, and Brow Fat Span | 100 | ||
| LOWER EYELID | 100 | ||
| Laxity and Lid Position | 101 | ||
| THE FOREHEAD AND EYEBROW | 101 | ||
| CLINICAL HISTORY, REVIEW OF SYMPTOMS, AND SPECIFIC CONCERNS | 102 | ||
| Risk of Bleeding | 102 | ||
| Cataracts | 102 | ||
| Contact Lens Usage | 103 | ||
| Glaucoma, Topical Ocular Medications, and Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy | 103 | ||
| Brimonidine (Alphagan, Allergan) | 103 | ||
| Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy | 103 | ||
| Assessment of Tear Film and Dry Eye Syndrome | 103 | ||
| Schirmer Testing | 103 | ||
| Bell Phenomenon | 104 | ||
| REFERENCES | 104 | ||
| Periorbital Surgery | 107 | ||
| Key points | 107 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 107 | ||
| ESTHETICS AND AGING | 107 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT | 108 | ||
| FOREHEAD AND BROW | 108 | ||
| Anatomy | 108 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 110 | ||
| Surgical Techniques | 110 | ||
| Endoscopic brow lift | 110 | ||
| Temporal brow lift | 111 | ||
| Direct brow lift | 111 | ||
| Mid-forehead brow lift | 112 | ||
| Pretrichial/Trichophytic brow lift | 112 | ||
| Coronal brow lift | 112 | ||
| MIDFACE | 112 | ||
| Anatomy | 112 | ||
| Surgical Anatomy | 113 | ||
| Surgical Techniques | 113 | ||
| Autologous fat grafts | 113 | ||
| Key points: autologous fat grafts | 114 | ||
| Alloplastic implants | 114 | ||
| Key points: alloplastic implants | 114 | ||
| Subcutaneous/sub-subcutaneous musculoaponeurotic system midface lift | 114 | ||
| Key points: subcutaneous musculoaponeurotic system midface lift | 114 | ||
| Subperiosteal midface lift: temporal approach | 114 | ||
| Key points: subperiosteal midface lift | 114 | ||
| Lower eyelid approaches | 114 | ||
| Key points: lower eyelid approaches | 115 | ||
| NONSURGICAL TECHNIQUES: FOREHEAD, BROW, AND MIDFACE | 115 | ||
| Neurotoxins | 115 | ||
| Key Points: Neurotoxins | 115 | ||
| Nonautologous Injectable Fillers | 115 | ||
| Key Points: Injectable Fillers | 115 | ||
| SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS | 116 | ||
| SUMMARY | 116 | ||
| REFERENCES | 116 | ||
| Upper Lid Blepharoplasty | 119 | ||
| Key points | 119 | ||
| PERIORBITAL ANATOMY | 119 | ||
| Brow Anatomy | 119 | ||
| Upper Lid Anatomy | 120 | ||
| AESTHETICS AND AGING OF THE UPPER LID | 121 | ||
| Upper Lid and Brow Aesthetics | 121 | ||
| Upper Lid and Brow Aging | 121 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT FOR UPPER LID BLEPHAROPLASTY | 122 | ||
| Medical History | 122 | ||
| Examination of Upper Lid and Brow | 122 | ||
| Preoperative Surgical Planning | 123 | ||
| Preoperative Photography | 123 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUE | 123 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE CARE | 124 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS AND PITFALLS | 124 | ||
| Vision Loss | 125 | ||
| Retrobulbar Hemorrhage | 126 | ||
| Eyelid Malposition: Lagophthalmos and Ptosis | 126 | ||
| Dry Eyes | 126 | ||
| Incision-Related Issues | 126 | ||
| SUMMARY | 127 | ||
| REFERENCES | 127 | ||
| Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty | 129 | ||
| Key points | 129 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 129 | ||
| AGING CHANGES OF THE LOWER LID AND CHEEK | 130 | ||
| APPROACHES TO LOWER LID REJUVENATION | 131 | ||
| INCISION PLACEMENT | 131 | ||
| CORRECTION OF THE NASOJUGAL GROOVE (TEAR TROUGH DEFORMITY) | 132 | ||
| LATERAL SUSPENSION AND CONTOUR CORRECTION | 134 | ||
| ORBICULARIS SUSPENSION | 134 | ||
| SUBORBICULARIS OCULI FAT LIFT | 134 | ||
| MIDFACIAL SUBPERIOSTEAL LIFT | 135 | ||
| AUTOLOGOUS FAT AUGMENTATION | 136 | ||
| DERMATOCHALASIS OF THE LOWER LIDS | 136 | ||
| FESTOONS | 137 | ||
| SUMMARY | 137 | ||
| REFERENCES | 137 | ||
| Injectable Adjunctive Procedures for Cosmesis and Function | 139 | ||
| Key points | 139 | ||
| REFERENCES | 144 | ||
| Periorbital Rejuvenation | 145 | ||
| Key points | 145 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 145 | ||
| TOPICAL THERAPIES | 145 | ||
| SKIN RESURFACING | 146 | ||
| CHEMICAL SKIN RESURFACING (PEELS) | 146 | ||
| MECHANICAL SKIN RESURFACING (DERMABRASION) | 147 | ||
| LASER RESURFACING (ABLATIVE, NONABLATIVE, AND FRACTIONAL DEVICES) AND RADIOFREQUENCY TECHNOLOGY | 148 | ||
| Carbon Dioxide Laser | 148 | ||
| Erbium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser | 148 | ||
| Nonablative and Radiofrequency Devices | 148 | ||
| Fractional Laser Resurfacing | 149 | ||
| NEUROMODULATION | 149 | ||
| FILLERS | 150 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 151 | ||
| REFERENCES | 152 | ||
| Correction of Eyelid Crease Asymmetry and Ptosis | 153 | ||
| Key points | 153 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 153 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 154 | ||
| PTOSIS REPAIR | 156 | ||
| EXTERNAL PTOSIS REPAIR | 157 | ||
| INTERNAL PTOSIS REPAIR | 158 | ||
| SURGICAL CREASE FORMATION | 160 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 160 | ||
| SUMMARY | 161 | ||
| REFERENCES | 161 | ||
| Lower Lid Malposition | 163 | ||
| Key points | 163 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 163 | ||
| APPLIED ANATOMY OF THE LOWER EYELID | 163 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT FOR LOWER EYELID SURGERY | 164 | ||
| Assessment of Horizontal Lid Laxity | 164 | ||
| Assessment of Globe Position | 164 | ||
| Assessment of the Midface | 165 | ||
| LOWER LID MALPOSITION: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT | 165 | ||
| LOWER LID RETRACTION | 165 | ||
| Lateral Canthal Tendon Laxity | 165 | ||
| Middle Lamella Scarring | 165 | ||
| Midface Descent | 167 | ||
| ECTROPION | 167 | ||
| Involutional Ectropion | 167 | ||
| Cicatricial Ectropion | 167 | ||
| Paralytic Ectropion | 168 | ||
| Mechanical Ectropion | 168 | ||
| ENTROPION | 168 | ||
| Involutional Entropion | 169 | ||
| Cicatricial Entropion | 169 | ||
| Spastic Entropion | 170 | ||
| SUMMARY | 170 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENT | 170 | ||
| REFERENCES | 170 | ||
| Upper Eyelid Reconstruction | 173 | ||
| Key points | 173 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 173 | ||
| ANTERIOR LAMELLAR UPPER EYELID DEFECTS | 174 | ||
| FULL-THICKNESS UPPER EYELID DEFECTS | 174 | ||
| Canthal Defects | 174 | ||
| Small Defects | 174 | ||
| Moderate Defects | 179 | ||
| Large Defects | 180 | ||
| SUMMARY | 182 | ||
| REFERENCES | 182 | ||
| Lower Eyelid Reconstruction | 183 | ||
| Key points | 183 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 183 | ||
| ANATOMY | 183 | ||
| GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EYELID RECONSTRUCTION | 184 | ||
| EYELID DEFECTS AND RECONSTRUCTION | 184 | ||
| LATERAL ADVANCEMENT FLAPS | 185 | ||
| TARSOCONJUNCTIVAL FLAP (HUGHES FLAP) TO REPAIR A LOWER EYELID DEFECT (STAGE I) | 186 | ||
| TARSOCONJUNCTIVAL FLAP (HUGHES FLAP) TO REPAIR A LOWER EYELID DEFECT (STAGE 2—3 TO 6 WEEKS AFTER INITIAL PLACEMENT) | 187 | ||
| CANTHAL DEFECTS AND RECONSTRUCTION | 188 | ||
| Canalicular Probing and Bicanalicular Intubation | 188 | ||
| NONMARGINAL EYELID DEFECTS AND RECONSTRUCTION | 189 | ||
| Island Pedicle Flap | 189 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE WOUND CARE | 189 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 190 | ||
| SUMMARY | 190 | ||
| REFERENCES | 190 | ||
| Complications in Eyelid Surgery | 193 | ||
| Key points | 193 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 193 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE HISTORY | 193 | ||
| PERIOCULAR/OCULAR EXAMINATION | 194 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 196 | ||
| Infection | 196 | ||
| Scarring/Web Formation | 196 | ||
| Eyelid Hematoma | 197 | ||
| Eyelid Crease Asymmetry | 197 | ||
| Lower Eyelid Retraction/Ectropion | 198 | ||
| Ptosis | 198 | ||
| Dry Eye Syndrome (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca) | 199 | ||
| Epiphora | 199 | ||
| Chemosis | 200 | ||
| Diplopia | 200 | ||
| Retrobulbar Hemorrhage | 201 | ||
| SUMMARY | 202 | ||
| REFERENCES | 202 | ||
| Index | 205 |