Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
The perfect companion to the successful RED FLAGS: A GUIDE TO IDENTIFYING SERIOUS SPINAL PATHOLOGY by Sue Greenhalgh and James Selfe, this new pocketbook guides the practitioner through solving serious spinal pathologies. RED FLAGS II expands on some of the concepts outlined in the first book and gives advice on appropriate investigations. It retains a strong clinical focus through the use of multiple case histories of real patients with serious pathology of the spine. Readers are given the opportunity to utilise clinical reasoning processes as they work through these case histories.
- Updated hierarchical list of Red Flags
- Summary identifying key findings Red Flags and Red Herrings
- Multiple real patient case histories
- Management pathways
- Presentation of secondary cases
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | Cover | ||
| Half title page | i | ||
| Title page | iii | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Table of contents | v | ||
| Foreword | xi | ||
| Acknowledgements | xv | ||
| Introduction | xvii | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC TRIAGE (CSAG 1994) | xviii | ||
| UPDATED HIERARCHICAL LIST OF RED FLAGS | xx | ||
| RED HERRINGS | xxi | ||
| References | xxvii | ||
| Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning | 1 | ||
| HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 2 | ||
| CLINICAL DECISION MAKING | 9 | ||
| INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OFFUNCTIONING, DISABILITY ANDHEALTH (ICF) | 18 | ||
| THE PRODROMAL PHASE | 22 | ||
| IDENTIFYING SERIOUS PATHOLOGY AND THEEMOTIONAL REACTION OF THE CLINICIAN | 28 | ||
| References | 32 | ||
| Chapter 2: The Evidence Base forRed Flags | 37 | ||
| CAN CLINICIANS IDENTIFY RED FLAGS? | 41 | ||
| ARE RED FLAGS USEFUL CLINICALPREDICTION GUIDES? | 43 | ||
| HIERARCHICAL LIST OF RED FLAGS | 51 | ||
| References | 55 | ||
| Chapter 3: Extra-pulmonary SpinalTuberculosis | 59 | ||
| TWO CASES OF EXTRA-PULMONARYSPINAL TUBERCULOSIS | 59 | ||
| CASE 1: ALICE | 59 | ||
| CASE 2: BIBI | 63 | ||
| TUBERCULOSIS | 67 | ||
| SUBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 70 | ||
| OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 76 | ||
| RED HERRINGS | 77 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 77 | ||
| GOLD STANDARD INVESTIGATIONS | 78 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 78 | ||
| SUMMARY | 80 | ||
| References | 82 | ||
| Chapter 4: Cauda Equina Syndrome | 85 | ||
| TWO CASES OF CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME | 85 | ||
| CASE 1: CLARE | 85 | ||
| CASE 2: DEBBIE | 89 | ||
| CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME | 90 | ||
| PROLAPSED INTERVERTEBRAL DISC | 91 | ||
| MALIGNANT SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION | 93 | ||
| SUBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 94 | ||
| OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 97 | ||
| RED HERRINGS | 97 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 98 | ||
| GOLD STANDARD INVESTIGATIONS | 98 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 98 | ||
| EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENT | 99 | ||
| SUMMARY | 99 | ||
| References | 101 | ||
| Chapter 5: Cancer | 103 | ||
| METASTATIC DISEASE(SECONDARY DISEASE) | 103 | ||
| CASE 1: EDITH | 103 | ||
| CANCER | 107 | ||
| BREAST CANCER | 108 | ||
| MALIGNANT SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION | 113 | ||
| MYELOMA (PRIMARY DISEASE) | 122 | ||
| CASE 2: ANNIE | 122 | ||
| CASE 3: BASIL | 123 | ||
| MULTIPLE MYELOMA | 126 | ||
| SUMMARY | 132 | ||
| References | 133 | ||
| Chapter 6: Serious PathologyFractures | 137 | ||
| THREE CASES OF SERIOUS PATHOLOGYFRACTURES | 137 | ||
| CASE 1: ETHEL | 137 | ||
| CASE 2: ERIC | 140 | ||
| CASE 3: DEREK | 144 | ||
| OSTEOPOROSIS/FRACTURES | 147 | ||
| SUBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 147 | ||
| OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION | 149 | ||
| RED HERRINGS | 149 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 149 | ||
| GOLD STANDARD INVESTIGATIONS | 150 | ||
| PATHOLOGY | 150 | ||
| EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENT | 152 | ||
| SUMMARY | 155 | ||
| References | 156 | ||
| Chapter 7: Red Herrings | 157 | ||
| CASE 1: GERALDINE | 157 | ||
| L’HERMITTE’S SIGN | 159 | ||
| CASE 2: FERGUS | 161 | ||
| ALCOHOLISM | 166 | ||
| THYROID FUNCTION DISORDERS | 168 | ||
| DIABETES MELLITUS | 170 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 172 | ||
| References | 175 | ||
| Chapter 8: Investigations in SeriousPathology of the Spine | 177 | ||
| SHOULD I ORDER ANY INVESTIGATIONSAT ALL? | 178 | ||
| ASSESSING RISK | 179 | ||
| BLOOD PATHOLOGY | 180 | ||
| WHAT IS NORMAL? | 181 | ||
| WHEN IS AN ABNORMAL RESULTSIGNIFICANT? | 182 | ||
| SKEWED DISTRIBUTIONS | 184 | ||
| WATCH THE TREND | 185 | ||
| VARIATION OF NORMAL RANGES | 185 | ||
| HAEMATOLOGY | 186 | ||
| FULL BLOOD COUNT | 186 | ||
| WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT | 188 | ||
| ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE | 190 | ||
| BIOCHEMISTRY | 192 | ||
| C-REACTIVE PROTEIN | 192 | ||
| CALCIUM METABOLISM | 192 | ||
| PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN | 195 | ||
| IMMUNOLOGY | 196 | ||
| PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS | 196 | ||
| RADIOLOGY | 198 | ||
| PLAIN RADIOGRAPHS (X-RAYS) | 200 | ||
| COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY | 202 | ||
| MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING(MR SCANNING) | 204 | ||
| RADIO-ISOTOPE BONE SCAN | 209 | ||
| DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY(DEXA OR DXA) | 211 | ||
| References | 213 | ||
| Index | 215 |