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Green's Operative Hand Surgery E-Book

Green's Operative Hand Surgery E-Book

Scott W. Wolfe | William C. Pederson | Robert N. Hotchkiss | Scott H. Kozin | Mark S Cohen

(2016)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Widely recognized as the gold standard text in hand, wrist, and elbow surgery, Green’s Operative Hand Surgery, 7th Edition, by Drs. Scott Wolfe, William Pederson, Robert Hotchkiss, Scott Kozin, and Mark Cohen, continues the tradition of excellence. High-resolution photos, innovative videos, new expert authors, and more ensure that Green’s remains your go-to reference for the most complete, authoritative guidance on the effective surgical and non-surgical management of upper extremity conditions. Well-written and clearly organized,it remains the most trusted reference in hand surgery worldwide


Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
9780323295345v1_WEB.pdf 1
Front Cover 1
Inside Front Cover 2
Green's Operative Hand Surgery, 2-Volume Set 3
Copyright Page 6
Contributors 7
Foreword for the Seventh Edition 11
Preface 12
Acknowledgments 13
Table Of Contents 15
Video Contents 17
I Basic Principles 19
1 Anesthesia 19
Acknowledgments: 19
General Anesthesia 19
Regional Anesthesia 19
Contraindications 19
Absolute Contraindications 19
Relative Contraindications 19
Need for Assessing Postoperative Nerve Status or Compartment Syndrome. 19
Aggravating a Preexisting Nerve Injury. 19
Anticoagulation Therapy. 20
Bilateral Procedures. 20
Relative Indications 20
Microvascular Surgery Patients 20
Pediatric Patients 20
Pregnant Patients 20
Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis 21
Advantages and Disadvantages (Box 1.1) 21
Equipment and Pharmacologic Requirements 22
Local Anesthetic Additives 22
Historical Techniques 23
Continuous Peripheral Nerve Catheters 23
Minimum Effective Volume 23
Specific Blocks 24
Interscalene Block 24
Supraclavicular Block 24
Infraclavicular Block 25
Axillary Block 26
Supplementary Blocks 26
Elbow Block 26
Wrist Block 26
Digital Block 27
Use of Epinephrine in Digital Nerve Blockade. 28
Intravenous Regional Block 28
Author’s Preferred Method of Treatment: Regional Anesthesia 29
Complications 30
Neurapraxia (Box 1.3) 30
Incidence. 30
Management (Figure 1.14). 30
Allergy and Sepsis 30
References 32
II Hand 35
2 Acute Infections of the Hand 35
General Principles 35
Types of Infections 35
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections 36
Nosocomial Infections 36
Patient Evaluation 36
Treatment Principles 37
Specific Types of Common Hand Infections 38
Acute Paronychia 38
Clinical Presentation and Preoperative Evaluation 38
Pertinent Anatomy 38
Treatment Options 39
Operative Methods. 40
Authors’ Preferred Method of Treatment 40
Postoperative Management and Expectations 41
Chronic Paronychia 41
Clinical Presentation and Preoperative Evaluation 41
Pertinent Anatomy and Pathophysiology 42
Treatment 42
Operative Treatment. 42
Authors’ Preferred Methods of Treatment 42
Postoperative Management and Expectations 43
Felon 43
Clinical Presentation and Evaluation 43
Pertinent Anatomy 43
Treatment 44
Operative Treatment. 44
Authors’ Preferred Methods of Treatment 44
Postoperative Management and Expectations 46
Pyogenic Flexor Tenosynovitis 46
Clinical Presentation and Preoperative Evaluation 46
Pertinent Anatomy 47
Treatment 47
Operative Treatment. 48
Authors’ Preferred Methods of Treatment 49
Postoperative Management and Expectations 49
Radial and Ulnar Bursal and Parona Space Infections 51
Pertinent Anatomy 51
Radial Bursa. 51
Ulnar Bursa. 52
Parona Space 52
Clinical Presentation and Preoperative Evaluation 52
Treatment 52
Open Treatment. 52
Authors’ Preferred Method of Treatment 53
Postoperative Management and Expectations 53
Deep Space Infections 53
Palmar Space Infections 53
Clinical Presentation and Preoperative Evaluation. 53
Pertinent Anatomy. 54
Treatment. 54
Thenar Space. 54
Volar Approach (Thenar Crease). 54
Dorsal Longitudinal Approach. 55
Combined Dorsal and Volar Approach. 55
Midpalmar Space. 55
Distal Palmar Approach Through the Lumbrical Canal. 55
Dorsal Approach. 55
Hypothenar Space. 55
Deep Subfascial Space Infections 55
Clinical Presentation and Evaluation 56
Dorsal Subcutaneous and Dorsal Subaponeurotic Space Abscess. 56
Web Space Abscess (Collar-Button Abscess). 56
Pertinent Anatomy. 57
Treatment 57
Dorsal Subcutaneous and Subaponeurotic Space Abscess. 57
Interdigital Web Space (Collar-Button Abscess). 57
Curved Longitudinal Incision. 57
Volar Zigzag Approach. 57
Volar Transverse Approach. 59
Authors’ Preferred Method of Treatment 59
Thenar Space. 59
Midpalmar Space. 59
Interdigital Web Space Abscess (Collar-Button Abscess). 59
Postoperative Management and Expectations. 59
Septic Arthritis 60
Clinical Presentation and Patient Evaluation 60
Treatment 61
Infections of the Wrist Joint (Radiocarpal, Ulnocarpal, and Midcarpal Joints) 61
Metacarpophalangeal Joint 62
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint 62
Distal Interphalangeal Joint 62
Postoperative Management and Expectations 63
Septic Boutonnière and Mallet Deformity 63
Osteomyelitis 63
Clinical Presentation and Evaluation 66
Treatment 67
Complications 67
Specific Types of Infections and Vectors 67
Animal Bites 67
Marine Organisms 68
Leeches 69
Human Bites 69
Prosthetic and Implant Infections 71
Shooter’s Abscesses: Infections Caused by Parenteral Drug Abuse 72
Septic Thrombophlebitis 73
Herpetic Whitlow (Herpes Simplex Virus Infection of the Fingers) 73
Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis 73
Upper Extremity Infections Associated With HIV Infection 74
Diabetic Hand Infections 74
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections and Gas Gangrene 75
Cutaneous Anthrax Infections 78
High-Pressure Injection Injuries 79
Mimickers of Infection 79
References 80
3 Chronic Infections 85
Acknowledgment: 85
General Principles 85
Diagnosis 85
Laboratory Techniques 87
Guidelines for Specimen Collection and Handling 87
Direct Visualization of the Organism by Staining 88
Detection of Pathogenic-Specific Antigens and Antibodies (Serology) 89
Detection of Specific Microbial Nucleotide Sequences 89
Organism Isolation in Culture and Drug-Susceptibility Testing 89
Drug-Susceptibility Tests 89
Additional Evaluation 89
9780323295345v2_WEB 1255
Front Cover 1255
Green's Operative Hand Surgery, 2-Volume Set 1256
Copyright Page 1259
Contributors 1260
Foreword for the Seventh Edition 1264
Preface 1265
Acknowledgments 1266
Table Of Contents 1268
Video Contents 1270
V Nerves 1272
30 Nerve Injury and Repair 1272
Indications 1272
Anatomy 1273
Voltage-Gated Ion Channels 1273
Axonal Transport 1274
Connective Tissue Elements 1274
Functional Segregation 1275
Features of Connective Tissue 1275
Responses to Injury 1275
Conduction Block (Also Called Neurapraxia) 1276
Transient Ischemic Conduction Block 1276
Persistent Anoxic Conduction Block 1276
Persistent Conduction Block in Focal Myelin Deformation and Demyelination 1276
Persisting Conduction Block in Projectile Injuries 1276
Wallerian Degeneration 1277
The Distal Segment 1277
The Proximal Segment and the Cell Body 1278
Stretch Injury 1278
Clinical Diagnosis 1278
Physical Examination of Nerve Injury 1279
Tinel Sign 1279
Injury 1279
Neurologic Examination 1280
Electrodiagnosis 1281
Imaging 1282
Lesions in Continuity 1282
Considerations Before Surgical Intervention 1283
Consultation and Operative Record 1284
Operative Techniques 1284
Nerve Resection and Neurolysis 1284
Exposure 1284
Resection of a Damaged Nerve 1284
Technical Aspects. 1285
Apparatus and Instruments. 1285
Neurolysis 1285
Methods of Suturing 1286
Preparation of the Nerve Bed. 1286
Direct Suture or Graft? 1286
Palliative Musculotendinous Transfer or Distal Nerve Transfer? 1286
Direct Suture. 1286
Epineurial Repair. 1287
Delayed Suture. 1287
Use of Fibrin Clot Glue in Suturing. 1289
Closure and Postoperative Care 1289
Nerve Grafting 1289
Choice of Graft 1289
Postoperative Care 1292
Other Methods of Grafting and Alternative Methods of Repair 1292
Vascularized Nerve Graft 1292
Freeze-Thawed Muscle Graft 1292
Entubulation 1292
Homografts 1293
Nerve Transfer 1293
Direct Muscular Neurotization 1294
Recovery after Repair 1294
Measurement of Recovery and Grading of Outcomes 1294
Grading of Outcomes 1295
Factors in Prognosis. 1295
Age. 1295
Level of the Lesion. 1295
Nature of the Nerve Injury. 1296
Delay From Injury to Repair. 1296
Cause of the Injury. 1296
Results 1296
Radial Nerve 1296
Spontaneous Recovery. 1297
Duration of Follow-Up. 1298
Delay. 1298
The Nerve Defect. 1298
Conclusions. 1298
Median and Ulnar Nerves 1298
Factors That Affect Recovery 1299
Age. 1299
Level and Nature of Injury. 1300
Nerve Gap. 1300
Concomitant Arterial Injury. 1301
Primary Versus Delayed Repair. 1301
Distal Transfers to the Ulnar Nerve. 1301
Digital Nerve Repair 1301
Conduits and Homografts for Digital Nerve Repair. 1302
Authors’ Preferred Method of Treatment: Digital Nerve Repair 1302
Rehabilitation 1302
War Wounds—Current Experience 1304
Severity of Injury 1304
Distribution and Diagnosis of Lesion 1304
Prolonged Conduction Block 1304
Axonotmesis 1304
Repairs 1305
Neuropathic Pain 1305
Pathophysiological Basis of Neuropathic Pain 1305
Cellular and Molecular Events 1306
Outcomes of Surgical Intervention 1306
Causalgia 1306
Neurostenalgia—58 Patients 1306
Posttraumatic Neuralgia—42 Patients 1307
PTN in Amputation Stump 1308
Some General Lessons 1308
The Peripheral Neuroma 1303
Pathophysiology 1309
Prevention 1310
Treatment 1310
Chemical Methods 1311
Operations 1311
General Principles. 1311
Authors’ Preferred Method of Treatment 1312
Operations for Terminal Neuroma. 1312
Repair of the Nerve. 1312
Repair by Synthetic Conduit. 1312
Containment of the neuroma. 1313
Epineurial sleeve. 1313
Translocation of the nerve 1313
Without excision of the neuroma. 1313
Transposition into bone. 1314
Transposition into vein. 1314
Transposition into a conduit. 1315
Silicone tubes. 1315
Translocation of nerve into muscle. 1315
References 1317
31 Principles of Tendon Transfers of Median, Radial, and Ulnar Nerves 1321
Acknowledgment: 1321
Principles 1321
Prevention and Correction of Contracture 1321
Tissue Equilibrium 1321
Adequate Strength 1321
Amplitude of Motion 1321
Straight Line of Pull 1323
One Tendon–One Function 1323
Synergism 1323
Expendable Donor 1323
Median Nerve Palsy 1323
Low Median Nerve Palsy 1323
Biomechanics of Thumb Opposition 1324
The Deficit and the Deformity 1324
Tendon Transfers to Restore Thumb Opposition 1324
History. 1324
Patient Counseling. 1324
General Principles of Tendon Transfer With Reference to Opponensplasty 1325
Prevention and Preoperative Treatment of Contractures. 1325
Selection of Motor for Transfer. 1325
Pulley Design. 1325
Opponensplasty Insertions. 1325
Results. 1325
Four Standard Opponensplasties. 1327
Superficialis Opponensplasties. 1327
Superficialis tendon harvest. 1327
The pulley. 1328
Surgical techniques 1328
Royle-Thompson opponensplasty. 1328