Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Advances in Pediatrics reviews the most current practices in pediatrics. A distinguished editorial board, headed by Dr.Michael Kappy, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites expert pediatricians to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. These insightful overviews bring concepts to a clinical level and explore their everyday impact on patient care. Topics such as fetal diagnosis and surgical intervention, updates in pharmacology, and fatty liver disease are represented, highlighting the most current and relevant information in the field.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| ADVANCES IN Pediatrics\r | i | ||
| VOLUME 61 | iii | ||
| Copyright\r | v | ||
| Editors\r | vii | ||
| Contributors\r | ix | ||
| Contents\r | xiii | ||
| Introduction | xix | ||
| David Weyhe Smith, MD (1926–1981)—The Father of Dysmorphology | 1 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 8 | ||
| References | 8 | ||
| Immunization Update V | 11 | ||
| Introduction | 11 | ||
| Influenza vaccines | 12 | ||
| Meningococcal vaccines | 15 | ||
| Measles and pertussis | 17 | ||
| Human papillomavirus | 19 | ||
| Pneumococcal vaccines | 21 | ||
| Global immunization achievements and challenges | 22 | ||
| Typhoid vaccine | 23 | ||
| Yellow fever vaccine | 23 | ||
| Ebola virus vaccine | 24 | ||
| Summary | 24 | ||
| References | 25 | ||
| Salmonella Infections in Childhood | 29 | ||
| Key points | 29 | ||
| Introduction | 29 | ||
| Microbiology and nomenclature | 30 | ||
| Epidemiology | 31 | ||
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella in the United States | 32 | ||
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella outside the United States | 34 | ||
| Typhoidal Salmonella (Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi) | 35 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 37 | ||
| Pathogenesis of nontyphoidal Salmonella | 38 | ||
| Adherence and invasion | 29 | ||
| Inflammatory response and virulence | 38 | ||
| Pathogenesis in immunocompromised hosts | 39 | ||
| Pathogenesis of typhoidal Salmonella | 40 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 41 | ||
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella | 41 | ||
| Acute gastroenteritis | 42 | ||
| Bloodstream infection | 42 | ||
| Focal nontyphoidal Salmonella infections | 43 | ||
| Asymptomatic carriage | 43 | ||
| Typhoid fever | 44 | ||
| Diagnosis | 45 | ||
| Management | 46 | ||
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella | 46 | ||
| Typhoid fever | 49 | ||
| Chronic carriage | 51 | ||
| Prevention | 51 | ||
| Nontyphoidal Salmonella | 51 | ||
| Typhoid fever | 52 | ||
| Summary | 54 | ||
| References | 55 | ||
| Childhood Tuberculosis | 59 | ||
| An Overview | 59 | ||
| Introduction | 59 | ||
| History | 60 | ||
| Epidemiology | 61 | ||
| Transmission | 62 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 63 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | 66 | ||
| Diagnosis | 68 | ||
| Latent tuberculosis | 69 | ||
| Active tuberculosis | 72 | ||
| Culture | 73 | ||
| Nucleic acid amplification tests | 73 | ||
| Loop-mediated isothermal amplification | 74 | ||
| BlaC-specific fluorogenic probe | 74 | ||
| Xpert MTB/RIF | 74 | ||
| Imaging | 76 | ||
| Extrapulmonary tuberculosis | 76 | ||
| Treatment | 77 | ||
| Latent infection | 77 | ||
| Active tuberculosis | 79 | ||
| Adjunctive therapy | 80 | ||
| Monitoring for adverse effects | 80 | ||
| Monitoring response | 81 | ||
| Alternative treatments | 81 | ||
| Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis | 82 | ||
| Vaccines | 85 | ||
| References | 86 | ||
| Child Advocacy in the Twenty-first Century | 91 | ||
| Advocacy defined | 91 | ||
| Why should pediatricians advocate? | 91 | ||
| The state of children’s health | 92 | ||
| The Affordable Care Act and improving population health | 93 | ||
| Patient-level advocacy | 94 | ||
| Community-level advocacy | 94 | ||
| Community partnerships | 96 | ||
| Legislative advocacy | 97 | ||
| Advocacy training for pediatricians | 98 | ||
| Statewide collaboratives | 99 | ||
| Does training in advocacy change pediatrician behavior? | 100 | ||
| Next steps | 100 | ||
| References | 101 | ||
| Children in Immigrant Families | 105 | ||
| The Foundation for America’s Future | 105 | ||
| Introduction | 105 | ||
| From the past to the present: immigration policy | 106 | ||
| Demographics and social determinants of children in immigrant families | 108 | ||
| The immigrant experience and health | 110 | ||
| The first 5 years: opportunities to develop human capital in early childhood | 111 | ||
| Neonatal health | 112 | ||
| Early prevention | 113 | ||
| Promotion of school readiness in the household setting: ages 0 to 3 years | 115 | ||
| Promotion of school readiness in the educational setting: ages 3 to 5 years | 116 | ||
| Children in immigrant families: health issues for school-aged children and adolescent youth | 118 | ||
| Asthma | 119 | ||
| Children with special health care needs | 121 | ||
| Obesity in children in immigrant families | 121 | ||
| Teen pregnancy in immigrant youth | 122 | ||
| Mental health and behavioral conditions | 123 | ||
| Educational outcomes of immigrant youth | 123 | ||
| Policy recommendations for children in immigrant families | 124 | ||
| Immigration reform and health care coverage | 124 | ||
| Access to health care | 126 | ||
| Addressing barriers to improving quality of health care | 126 | ||
| Family center policies | 128 | ||
| Educational policy for children in immigrant families | 129 | ||
| Economic policy and children in immigrant families | 130 | ||
| References | 131 | ||
| Preparing for Transition from Pediatric to Adult Care | 137 | ||
| Evaluation of a Physician Training Program | 137 | ||
| Introduction | 138 | ||
| Health care transition guidelines | 139 | ||
| Residency education | 140 | ||
| Methods | 140 | ||
| Planning and evaluation framework | 140 | ||
| Intervention elements | 142 | ||
| Didactic presentation | 142 | ||
| Electronic health records transition tool | 137 | ||
| Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services questionnaire | 144 | ||
| Patient materials and resources | 145 | ||
| Survey | 145 | ||
| Survey instrument | 145 | ||
| Analytical procedures | 145 | ||
| Chart review | 146 | ||
| Interviews | 146 | ||
| Sampling and recruitment | 146 | ||
| Instrument | 147 | ||
| Procedures | 147 | ||
| Results | 147 | ||
| Participants | 147 | ||
| Survey | 147 | ||
| Chart review | 147 | ||
| Interviews | 150 | ||
| Reach | 150 | ||
| Residents | 151 | ||
| Faculty | 151 | ||
| Effectiveness | 151 | ||
| Residents | 154 | ||
| Evidence-Based Psychological Treatments of Pediatric Mental Disorders | 165 | ||
| Key points | 165 | ||
| Internalizing disorders | 165 | ||
| General theoretical perspective of treatment | 166 | ||
| Implementation of treatment | 167 | ||
| Disorder-specific treatment | 168 | ||
| Anxiety disorders | 165 | ||
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder | 170 | ||
| Depression | 171 | ||
| Externalizing disorders | 172 | ||
| General theoretical perspective of treatment | 172 | ||
| Implementation of treatment | 173 | ||
| Behavioral parent training | 173 | ||
| School-based contingency management | 175 | ||
| Cognitive and social skills training | 175 | ||
| Disorder-specific treatments | 176 | ||
| Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 176 | ||
| Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder | 177 | ||
| Summary | 179 | ||
| References | 179 | ||
| Gene Therapy for Blinding Pediatric Eye Disorders | 185 | ||
| Introduction | 185 | ||
| History of subretinal gene therapy | 191 | ||
| Current gene therapy trials | 191 | ||
| RPE65 gene therapy trials | 191 | ||
| Retinal disorders with gene therapy trials under way | 196 | ||
| Choroideremia | 196 | ||
| Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease in Newborns | 211 | ||
| Introduction | 211 | ||
| Epidemiology | 212 | ||
| Fetal ultrasonography, physical examination, pulse oximetry, and their role in detecting critical congenital heart disease | 213 | ||
| Pulse oximetry and basic criteria for screening test | 216 | ||
| Pulse oximetry screening: practical considerations | 217 | ||
| Economic considerations and cost | 220 | ||
| Limitations of pulse oximetry screening | 221 | ||
| Current status of existing screening programs | 222 | ||
| Model characteristics of critical congenital heart disease screening programs | 223 | ||
| Summary | 224 | ||
| References | 224 | ||
| Vascular Anomalies in Pediatrics | 227 | ||
| Introduction | 227 | ||
| Vascular tumors | 228 | ||
| Benign vascular tumors | 228 | ||
| Infantile hemangioma | 227 | ||
| Clinical features | 228 | ||
| Associated syndromes | 231 | ||
| Radiologic features | 231 | ||
| Pathology | 231 | ||
| Management | 231 | ||
| Congenital hemangioma | 233 | ||
| Hepatic hemangioma | 234 | ||
| Locally aggressive vascular tumor | 237 | ||
| Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon | 237 | ||
| Vascular malformations | 238 | ||
| Capillary malformation | 238 | ||
| Lymphatic malformation | 239 | ||
| Venous malformation | 243 | ||
| Arteriovenous malformation | 246 | ||
| Combined vascular malformations | 247 | ||
| Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome | 247 | ||
| Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and skeletal anomalies syndrome | 249 | ||
| Parkes Weber syndrome (capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation) | 249 | ||
| Summary | 250 | ||
| References | 250 | ||
| Hypo and Hyper | 257 | ||
| Common Pediatric Endocrine and Metabolic Emergencies | 257 | ||
| Introduction | 257 | ||
| Critical and archival specimens | 259 | ||
| Specific conditions | 260 | ||
| Hypoglycemia | 260 | ||
| Definitions and causes | 257 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 257 | ||
| History and physical examination | 263 | ||
| Laboratory evaluation | 263 | ||
| Treatment | 265 | ||
| Adrenal insufficiency | 266 | ||
| Causes | 266 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 266 | ||
| History and physical examination | 268 | ||
| Laboratory tests | 268 | ||
| Treatment | 269 | ||
| Hyponatremia | 270 | ||
| Causes | 270 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 270 | ||
| History and physical examination | 272 | ||
| Laboratory evaluation | 273 | ||
| Treatment | 274 | ||
| Hypernatremia | 274 | ||
| Causes/Pathophysiology | 274 | ||
| History and physical examination | 276 | ||
| Laboratory evaluation | 276 | ||
| Treatment | 277 | ||
| Hyperthyroidism | 277 | ||
| Causes | 277 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 278 | ||
| History and physical examination | 278 | ||
| Laboratory evaluation | 279 | ||
| Treatment | 279 | ||
| Nonspecific acute treatment | 279 | ||
| Specific acute treatment | 279 | ||
| Long-term treatment | 280 | ||
| Summary | 280 | ||
| References | 281 | ||
| Pediatric Headaches | 283 | ||
| Introduction | 283 | ||
| Migraine definition | 283 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 284 | ||
| Presentation | 285 | ||
| Treatment | 285 | ||
| Tension headache | 287 | ||
| Opiates | 288 | ||
| Chronic daily headache | 288 | ||
| Onabotulinum toxin | 288 | ||
| Cluster headache | 289 | ||
| Additional interventions | 289 | ||
| Cognitive behavioral therapy | 289 | ||
| Relaxation techniques | 290 | ||
| Biofeedback | 290 | ||
| Acupuncture | 291 | ||
| Summary | 291 | ||
| References | 291 |