BOOK
Soft Tissue Surgery, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, E-Book
Kurt K. Sladky | Christoph Mans
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice focuses on Soft Tissue Surgery. Articles include: Update on Surgical Principles and Equipment, Updates on Principles of Perioperative Care, Updates on Principles of Wound management, Enucleation techniques in exotic pets, Reptile Soft Tissue Surgery, Fish surgical procedures, Rabbit Soft Tissue Surgery, and more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Soft Tissue Surgery \r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| CONSULTING EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITORS | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Preface: Soft Tissue Surgery\r | vii | ||
| Updates in Perioperative Care: Ideas from the Human Field \r | vii | ||
| Update on Surgical Principles and Equipment\r | vii | ||
| Principles of Wound Management and Wound Healing in Exotic Pets\r | vii | ||
| Fish Surgery: Presurgical Preparation and Common Surgical Procedures\r | vii | ||
| Surgery in Amphibians\r | viii | ||
| Reptile Soft Tissue Surgery\r | viii | ||
| Avian Soft Tissue Surgery\r | viii | ||
| Rabbit Soft Tissue Surgery\r | ix | ||
| Surgical Management of Ear Diseases in Rabbits\r | ix | ||
| Small Mammals: Common Surgical Procedures of Rodents, Ferrets, Hedgehogs, and Sugar Gliders\r | ix | ||
| Eye Removal Surgeries in Exotic Pets\r | ix | ||
| Exotic Mammal Laparoscopy \r | x | ||
| VETERINARY CLINICS OF\rNORTH AMERICA: EXOTIC\rANIMAL PRACTICE\r | xi | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xi | ||
| May 2016 | xi | ||
| September 2016 | xi | ||
| January 2017 | xi | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xi | ||
| September 2015 | xi | ||
| May 2015 | xi | ||
| January 2015 | xi | ||
| Preface: Soft Tissue Surgery \r | xiii | ||
| Updates in Perioperative Care | 1 | ||
| Key points | 1 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
| DEFINITION OF PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD AND CARE | 2 | ||
| Patient Preparation | 2 | ||
| Patient hospitalization | 2 | ||
| The Principles of Care During Anesthesia | 4 | ||
| Anesthetic monitoring | 6 | ||
| Risk management | 8 | ||
| Immediate Postoperative Care | 8 | ||
| Managing a Patient’s Pain | 10 | ||
| SUMMARY | 11 | ||
| REFERENCES | 11 | ||
| Update on Surgical Principles and Equipment | 13 | ||
| Key points | 13 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 13 | ||
| PATIENT PREPARATION | 13 | ||
| ANTISEPTICS | 14 | ||
| Alcohols | 14 | ||
| Iodophors | 14 | ||
| Chlorhexidine | 14 | ||
| Comparison of Antiseptic Agents | 15 | ||
| SURGICAL DRAPES | 16 | ||
| SURGICAL INSTRUMENTATION | 17 | ||
| MAGNIFICATION | 19 | ||
| FOCAL LIGHT SOURCE | 21 | ||
| HEMOSTASIS | 21 | ||
| Electrosurgery | 21 | ||
| Laser | 22 | ||
| Electrothermal Bipolar Vessel Sealing Devices | 24 | ||
| Ultrasonic Energy: The Harmonic System | 24 | ||
| Stapling Devices | 24 | ||
| Hemostatic Clips | 26 | ||
| Hemostatic Agents | 26 | ||
| Mechanical agents | 27 | ||
| Active agents | 28 | ||
| Hemostatic sealants | 28 | ||
| Suture materials | 28 | ||
| SUMMARY | 30 | ||
| REFERENCES | 30 | ||
| Principles of Wound Management and Wound Healing in Exotic Pets | 33 | ||
| Key points | 33 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 33 | ||
| PHASES OF WOUND HEALING | 34 | ||
| Hemostasis (Coagulation) Phase | 34 | ||
| Inflammatory and Debridement Phase | 34 | ||
| Proliferative (Repair) Phase | 35 | ||
| Maturation (Remodeling) Phase | 36 | ||
| FACTORS AFFECTING WOUND HEALING | 36 | ||
| WOUND CLASSIFICATION | 37 | ||
| INITIAL WOUND CARE AND MANAGEMENT | 38 | ||
| Decontamination (Lavage) | 38 | ||
| Debridement | 40 | ||
| Nonselective Debridement | 40 | ||
| Surgical debridement | 40 | ||
| Mechanical debridement | 40 | ||
| Selective Debridement | 40 | ||
| Enzymatic debridement | 40 | ||
| Autolytic debridement | 40 | ||
| TOPICAL PRODUCTS | 41 | ||
| Topical Antimicrobials | 41 | ||
| Triple-antibiotic ointment | 41 | ||
| Gentamicin sulfate | 42 | ||
| Silver | 42 | ||
| Nitrofurazone | 42 | ||
| Aloe vera | 42 | ||
| Tripeptide-copper complex | 43 | ||
| Maltodextrin NF | 43 | ||
| Honey | 43 | ||
| Sugar | 44 | ||
| Hypertonic saline | 44 | ||
| Growth factors | 44 | ||
| Chitosan | 45 | ||
| WOUND-CLOSURE TECHNIQUE | 45 | ||
| Primary Wound Closure | 45 | ||
| Secondary Wound Closure | 45 | ||
| Delayed Primary Wound Closure | 45 | ||
| BANDAGING | 46 | ||
| Primary Contact Bandage Layer (Wound Dressings) | 46 | ||
| Semiocclusive dressings | 46 | ||
| Films | 46 | ||
| Foams | 47 | ||
| Hydrogels | 47 | ||
| Hydrocolloids | 48 | ||
| Alginates | 48 | ||
| Other products | 48 | ||
| Secondary (Intermediate) Bandage Layer | 49 | ||
| Tertiary (Outer) Bandage Layer | 49 | ||
| Tie-Over Bandages | 49 | ||
| Bandage Changes | 49 | ||
| NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY | 50 | ||
| CONSIDERATIONS FOR WOUND MANAGEMENT IN EXOTIC ANIMAL SPECIES | 50 | ||
| Birds | 50 | ||
| Reptiles | 51 | ||
| SUMMARY | 51 | ||
| REFERENCES | 51 | ||
| Fish Surgery | 55 | ||
| Key points | 55 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 55 | ||
| PRESURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 56 | ||
| Anesthesia and Analgesia | 56 | ||
| Surgical Preparation | 58 | ||
| General Surgical Approach in Fish | 59 | ||
| COMMON SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN TELEOST AND ELASMOBRANCH FISH | 61 | ||
| Integumentary Mass Removal | 63 | ||
| Intracoelomic Mass and Foreign Body Removal | 63 | ||
| Ophthalmic Surgery | 66 | ||
| Reproductive Surgery | 67 | ||
| Cesarean Section in Elasmobranchs | 70 | ||
| Organ Prolapse Repair | 71 | ||
| Radiotransmitter Implantation | 73 | ||
| Endoscopic Procedures | 74 | ||
| SUMMARY | 74 | ||
| REFERENCES | 74 | ||
| Surgery in Amphibians | 77 | ||
| Key points | 77 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 77 | ||
| INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS | 78 | ||
| EQUIPMENT | 78 | ||
| PATIENT PREPARATION | 79 | ||
| ANALGESIA, ANESTHESIA, PRESURGICAL PREPARATION | 79 | ||
| CONTROL OF THE ANESTHETIC DEPTH AND MONITORING | 80 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE INTEGUMENT | 83 | ||
| CELIOTOMY | 83 | ||
| GASTROTOMY, ENTEROTOMY, AND CYSTOTOMY | 84 | ||
| REPRODUCTIVE SURGERY | 87 | ||
| CLOACAL PROLAPSE | 88 | ||
| MINIMAL INVASIVE SURGERY | 89 | ||
| OPHTHALMOLOGIC SURGERY | 91 | ||
| ORTHOPEDICS | 92 | ||
| RECOVERY AND POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 92 | ||
| REFERENCES | 94 | ||
| Reptile Soft Tissue Surgery | 97 | ||
| Key points | 97 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 97 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE SKIN | 98 | ||
| Skin Sutures | 98 | ||
| Suture Materials | 98 | ||
| Surgical Technique for Wounds with Avulsion of the Skin from Bone in Chelonians | 98 | ||
| Subcutaneous Abscess Removal | 99 | ||
| HEAD AND NECK SURGERY | 100 | ||
| Aural Abscesses | 100 | ||
| Trachea | 101 | ||
| Temporary tracheal bypass | 101 | ||
| Endoscopic removal of tracheal masses | 101 | ||
| Tracheal resection in snakes | 101 | ||
| Esophagus | 101 | ||
| Esophagostomy tube placement | 101 | ||
| Surgical technique | 101 | ||
| Esophagotomy | 102 | ||
| Surgical technique: cervical esophagotomy | 103 | ||
| Surgical technique: supraplastronal esophagotomy | 103 | ||
| Thyroid | 103 | ||
| Thyroidectomy | 103 | ||
| Surgical technique | 103 | ||
| COELIOTOMY | 104 | ||
| Lizards | 104 | ||
| SNAKES | 105 | ||
| Closure of the Coelom in Snakes and Lizards | 105 | ||
| CHELONIANS | 106 | ||
| Prefemoral Fossa Coeliotomy | 106 | ||
| Plastron Osteotomy | 107 | ||
| REPRODUCTIVE TRACT SURGERY | 109 | ||
| Ovariectomy, Ovariosalpingectomy, and Salpingotomy | 109 | ||
| Indications and preoperative considerations | 109 | ||
| Open surgical techniques | 109 | ||
| Endoscopy-assisted prefemoral oophorectomy and salpingectomy | 111 | ||
| Orchiectomy | 112 | ||
| Open surgical orchiectomy | 112 | ||
| Prefemoral fossa orchiectomy in chelonians | 113 | ||
| Phallectomy | 114 | ||
| Surgical technique | 114 | ||
| URINARY TRACT SURGERY | 114 | ||
| Kidneys Biopsy | 114 | ||
| Nephrectomy | 115 | ||
| Cystotomy | 116 | ||
| Surgical technique | 116 | ||
| GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT SURGERY | 117 | ||
| Principles of Gastrointestinal Surgery | 118 | ||
| Gastrotomy | 119 | ||
| Enterotomy | 120 | ||
| Enterectomy | 120 | ||
| Enterostomy | 122 | ||
| LIVER AND GALLBLADDER | 122 | ||
| Open Surgical Biopsy/Partial Hepatectomy | 122 | ||
| CLOACAL PROLAPSES | 122 | ||
| Treatment of Cloacal Tissue Prolapse | 122 | ||
| Resection and Anastomosis | 123 | ||
| PEDIATRIC SURGERY | 124 | ||
| Omphalectomy | 124 | ||
| TAIL AMPUTATION | 125 | ||
| Technique | 125 | ||
| LIMB AMPUTATION | 127 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 127 | ||
| REFERENCES | 127 | ||
| Avian Soft Tissue Surgery | 133 | ||
| Key points | 133 | ||
| INSTRUMENTATION | 133 | ||
| Microsurgical Instruments | 133 | ||
| Radiosurgery | 134 | ||
| Magnification and Illumination | 134 | ||
| Soft Tissue Retractors | 135 | ||
| Vascular Clips | 135 | ||
| Sutures | 135 | ||
| PATIENT PREPARATION | 136 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE SKIN | 137 | ||
| Digit Constriction Repair | 137 | ||
| Feather Cyst Excision | 137 | ||
| Cranial Wound Repair | 138 | ||
| Sternal Wound Repair | 138 | ||
| Uropygial Gland Excision | 139 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM | 139 | ||
| Ingluviotomy and Crop Biopsy | 139 | ||
| Crop Burn or Laceration Repair | 140 | ||
| Coeliotomy | 141 | ||
| Left lateral celiotomy | 142 | ||
| Ventral midline celiotomy | 142 | ||
| Transverse celiotomy | 143 | ||
| Coelomic Hernia and Pseudohernia Repair | 144 | ||
| Proventriculotomy and Ventriculotomy | 144 | ||
| Enterotomy or Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis | 144 | ||
| Cloacoplasty and Cloacopexy | 144 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM | 147 | ||
| Rhinolith Removal | 147 | ||
| Sinusotomy | 149 | ||
| Tracheotomy and Tracheal Resection and Anastomosis | 149 | ||
| Tracheostomy | 151 | ||
| Pneumonectomy | 151 | ||
| SURGERY OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 151 | ||
| Ovocentesis | 151 | ||
| Ovariectomy | 151 | ||
| Salpingohysterectomy | 151 | ||
| Cesarean Section | 153 | ||
| Orchidectomy | 153 | ||
| Vasectomy | 154 | ||
| Phallectomy | 156 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 156 | ||
| REFERENCES | 156 | ||
| Rabbit Soft Tissue Surgery | 159 | ||
| Key points | 159 | ||
| INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLES | 159 | ||
| Presurgical Considerations | 160 | ||
| Analgesia and Anesthesia | 160 | ||
| Surgical Principles | 160 | ||
| Postoperative Considerations | 161 | ||
| ABDOMINAL EXPLORATION | 161 | ||
| Introduction, Indications | 161 | ||
| Contraindications | 161 | ||
| Patient Positioning, Preparation, Instruments | 161 | ||
| Approach | 161 | ||
| Technique | 162 | ||
| Complications | 163 | ||
| GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY | 163 | ||
| Gastrotomy | 163 | ||
| Indications | 163 | ||
| Technique | 164 | ||
| Complications | 165 | ||
| Postoperative care | 165 | ||
| Enterotomy and Intestinal Biopsy | 165 | ||
| Indications | 165 | ||
| Technique | 166 | ||
| Small Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis | 167 | ||
| Indications | 167 | ||
| Technique | 167 | ||
| LIVER SURGERY | 168 | ||
| Indications | 168 | ||
| Contraindications | 168 | ||
| Presurgical Considerations | 168 | ||
| Technique | 169 | ||
| Punch biopsy | 169 | ||
| Guillotine suture biopsy or partial lobectomy | 169 | ||
| Excisional wedge biopsy with overlapping guillotine sutures | 169 | ||
| Total lobectomy | 170 | ||
| Complications and Postoperative Care | 171 | ||
| URINARY TRACT SURGERY | 171 | ||
| Presurgical Consideration | 171 | ||
| Patient Preparation and Instruments | 171 | ||
| Postoperative Complications | 171 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 171 | ||
| Kidney surgeries | 171 | ||
| Renal Biopsy | 172 | ||
| Surgical Management of Ear Diseases in Rabbits | 189 | ||
| Key points | 189 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 189 | ||
| EAR ANATOMY | 189 | ||
| External Ear | 189 | ||
| Breed Differences | 190 | ||
| Middle Ear | 191 | ||
| Diagnostics | 191 | ||
| DISEASES OF THE PINNA | 193 | ||
| Aural Hematoma/Edema | 193 | ||
| Lacerations of the Pinna | 195 | ||
| Tumors | 195 | ||
| Pinnectomy | 196 | ||
| Partial pinnectomy | 196 | ||
| Total pinnectomy | 196 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 196 | ||
| Complications | 196 | ||
| DISEASES OF THE EAR CANAL | 196 | ||
| Otitis Externa | 196 | ||
| Surgery of the Ear Canal | 197 | ||
| Partial Ear Canal Ablation | 197 | ||
| Total Ear Canal Ablation | 199 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 199 | ||
| Complications | 200 | ||
| DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE AND INNER EAR | 201 | ||
| Otitis Media and Interna | 201 | ||
| Surgery of the Middle Ear | 202 | ||
| Lateral Bulla Osteotomy | 202 | ||
| Ventral Bulla Osteotomy | 202 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 203 | ||
| Complications | 203 | ||
| REFERENCES | 203 | ||
| Small Mammals | 205 | ||
| Key points | 205 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 205 | ||
| PRESURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 206 | ||
| Anesthesia and Analgesia | 206 | ||
| Surgical Preparation | 206 | ||
| POSTSURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS | 207 | ||
| COMMON SURGICAL PROCEDURES | 207 | ||
| Integumentary Surgery | 207 | ||
| Traumatic wounds | 208 | ||
| Abscesses | 208 | ||
| Pododermatitis | 210 | ||
| Self-mutilation | 210 | ||
| Tail slip | 212 | ||
| Tumors of the integument | 214 | ||
| Cheek pouch eversion in hamsters | 217 | ||
| Intra-abdominal surgical procedures | 218 | ||
| Gastrointestinal tract surgery | 218 | ||
| Gastrointestinal foreign bodies | 218 | ||
| Proliferative abdominal lesions in (neoplasms, abscesses, and granulomas) | 220 | ||
| Rectal prolapse | 221 | ||
| Hepatic Surgery | 223 | ||
| Hepatic Biopsy | 225 | ||
| Hepatic Lobectomy for Mass Removal | 226 | ||
| Surgery of the Spleen | 226 | ||
| Urinary Tract Surgery | 228 | ||
| Urolithiasis | 228 | ||
| Reproductive Tract Surgery | 230 | ||
| Elective Orchiectomy and Ovariectomy or Ovariohysterectomy | 231 | ||
| Orchiectomy | 231 | ||
| Ovariectomy/Ovariohysterectomy | 233 | ||
| Additional Ferret Surgical Procedures | 236 | ||
| Endocrine Surgery | 238 | ||
| Adrenalectomy | 238 | ||
| Insulinoma | 241 | ||
| Surgical treatment of insulinoma in ferrets | 241 | ||
| REFERENCES | 242 | ||
| Eye Removal Surgeries in Exotic Pets | 245 | ||
| Key points | 245 | ||
| GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPHTHALMIC SURGERY IN EXOTIC PETS | 245 | ||
| Anesthesia | 246 | ||
| PATIENT PREPARATION | 246 | ||
| POSITIONING | 247 | ||
| EQUIPMENT | 248 | ||
| Instruments for Exposing or Stabilizing Tissues | 249 | ||
| Eyelid specula | 249 | ||
| Tissue forceps | 249 | ||
| Instruments for Separating, Incising, or Excising Tissues | 249 | ||
| Scalpels and blades | 249 | ||
| Scissors | 249 | ||
| Lens loupes | 250 | ||
| Cyclodialysis spatulas | 250 | ||
| Instruments and Material for Uniting Tissues (Suturing) | 250 | ||
| Needle holders | 250 | ||
| Suture needles | 250 | ||
| Suture materials | 251 | ||
| Miscellaneous Instruments and Accessories | 253 | ||
| ANATOMIC FACTORS | 253 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 253 | ||
| EYE REMOVAL SURGERY | 253 | ||
| ENUCLEATION | 254 | ||
| EXENTERATION | 255 | ||
| EVISCERATION | 255 | ||
| CONSIDERATIONS IN EXOTIC PETS | 255 | ||
| ENUCLEATION PROCEDURE IN SMALL MAMMALS | 255 | ||
| Technique | 256 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 258 | ||
| Postoperative Complications | 259 | ||
| Mammalian Enucleation: Species-Specific Nuances | 259 | ||
| AVIAN EYE REMOVAL | 259 | ||
| Additional Considerations in Avian Patients | 259 | ||
| ENUCLEATION: GLOBE COLLAPSING PROCEDURE | 260 | ||
| Technique | 260 | ||
| OCULAR EVISCERATION | 261 | ||
| Technique | 261 | ||
| REPTILE EYE REMOVAL | 263 | ||
| AMPHIBIAN EYE REMOVAL | 264 | ||
| FISH EYE REMOVAL | 264 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 265 | ||
| REFERENCES | 265 | ||
| Exotic Mammal Laparoscopy | 269 | ||
| Key points | 269 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 269 | ||
| INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS | 270 | ||
| INSTRUMENTATION | 270 | ||
| PATIENT PREPARATION AND POSITIONING | 275 | ||
| APPROACH | 275 | ||
| SINGLE-PORT TECHNIQUE | 276 | ||
| MULTIPLE-PORT TECHNIQUES | 276 | ||
| PROCEDURES | 280 | ||
| Biopsy | 280 | ||
| Ovariectomy | 280 | ||
| Endoscope-Assisted Laparotomy | 283 | ||
| Other Procedures | 283 | ||
| Closure | 283 | ||
| Complications | 284 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 284 | ||
| Future Considerations | 284 | ||
| SUMMARY | 285 | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 285 | ||
| REFERENCES | 285 | ||
| Index | 287 |