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MR-Guided Interventions, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 23-4, E-Book

MR-Guided Interventions, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 23-4, E-Book

Clare M. Tempany

(2016)

Additional Information

Abstract

Guest editors Claire Tempany and Tina Kapur review MR-Guided Interventions in this important issue in MRI Clinics of North America. Articles include: MR sequences and rapid acquisition for MR-guided interventions; MR-guided breast interventions: role in biopsy targeting and lumpectomies; MR-guided passive catheter tracking for endovascular therapy; MRgFUS update on clinical applications; MR-guided spine Interventions; MR-guided prostate biopsy; Interventional MRI Clinic: the Emory experience; MR-guided cardiac interventions; MR-guided functional neurosurgery; MR-guided active catheter tracking; MR-guided drug delivery; MR-guided thermal therapy for localized and recurrent prostate cancer; MR neurography for guiding nerve blocks and its role in pain management; MR-guided gynecologic brachytherapy; and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
MR-Guided Interventions i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
CONSULTING EDITORS iii
EDITORS iii
AUTHORS iii
Contents vii
Foreword\r vii
Preface: Magnetic Resonance-Guided Interventions: The State of the Art\r vii
Evolution of Movement Disorders Surgery Leading to Contemporary Focused Ultrasound Therapy for Tremor\r vii
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Spine Interventions\r vii
3-Tesla High-Field Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Guiding Nerve Blocks and Its Role in Pain Management\r vii
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Breast Interventions: Role in Biopsy Targeting and Lumpectomies\r viii
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Cardiac Interventions\r viii
Magnetic Resonance–guided Active Catheter Tracking\r viii
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Passive Catheter Tracking for Endovascular Therapy\r viii
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Thermal Therapy for Localized and Recurrent Prostate Cancer\r ix
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Prostate Biopsy\r ix
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Gynecologic Brachytherapy\r ix
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Drug Delivery\r ix
Update on Clinical Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound Applications\r x
Magnetic Resonance Sequences and Rapid Acquisition for MR-Guided Interventions\r x
Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinic: The Emory University Experience\r x
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING\rCLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA\r xi
FORTHCOMING ISSUES xi
February 2016 xi
May 2016 xi
August 2016 xi
RECENT ISSUES xi
August 2015 xi
May 2015 xi
February 2015 xi
PROGRAM OBJECTIVE xiii
TARGET AUDIENCE xiii
LEARNING OBJECTIVES xiii
ACCREDITATION xiii
DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST xiii
UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE xiv
TO ENROLL xiv
METHOD OF PARTICIPATION xiv
CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS xiv
Dedication xv
Foreword : Magnetic Resonance-Guided Interventions: The State of the Art \r xvii
Preface: Magnetic Resonance-Guided Interventions: The State of the Art \r xix
Evolution of Movement Disorders Surgery Leading to Contemporary Focused Ultrasound Therapy for Tremor 515
Key points 515
HISTORY OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS SURGERY 515
The Prestereotactic Era 516
The Early Stereotactic Revolution 516
The Latent Period After the Introduction of Levodopa 517
The Stereotactic Revival 517
Modern Period of Deep Brain Stimulation 517
DEVELOPMENT OF INTRACRANIAL FOCUSED ULTRASOUND SURGERY 518
Intracranial Focused Ultrasound: Proof of Concept Treating Essential Tremor 518
SUMMARY 519
REFERENCES 520
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Spine Interventions 523
Key points 523
DEFINITION OF PROBLEM AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION 523
ANATOMY 524
IMAGING PROTOCOLS AND IMAGING FINDINGS 525
INTRATHECAL NODULE BIOPSY 527
C1-C2 PUNCTURE WITH INTRATHECAL GADOLINIUM INJECTION 528
CRYOABLATION OF SPINAL METASTATIC DISEASE 529
PEARLS, PITFALLS, AND VARIANTS 530
INFORMATION THE REFERRING PHYSICIAN NEEDS TO KNOW 531
SUMMARY 531
REFERENCES 531
3-Tesla High-Field Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Guiding Nerve Blocks and Its Role in Pain Management 533
Key points 533
INTRODUCTION 533
TECHNIQUE AND EQUIPMENT 535
PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC NERVE BLOCKS 538
PROCEDURES 539
Perineural Pudendal Nerve Injections 539
Intramuscular Piriformis Injection 540
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve 541
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve 542
Obturator Nerve 543
SUMMARY 543
REFERENCES 543
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Breast Interventions 547
Key points 547
PROBLEM AND CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS 547
Use of Contrast-Enhanced Breast MR Imaging 547
MR Imaging–Guided Tissue Sampling 547
Margin Status at Breast-Conserving Therapy 548
NEED FOR MR IMAGING–GUIDED PROCEDURES 548
BREAST MR IMAGING AND TECHNIQUES 548
CHALLENGES IN MR IMAGING–GUIDED BREAST BIOPSY TARGETING 548
MR IMAGING–GUIDED BREAST CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY 549
MR IMAGING–GUIDED WIRE LOCALIZATION 549
PATHOLOGY CORRELATION OF MR IMAGING–GUIDED BIOPSIES 549
SURGICAL PLANNING WITH PREOPERATIVE MR IMAGING FOLLOWING NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY 550
MR IMAGING–GUIDED BREAST ABLATION 551
MR Imaging–Guided Cryoablation 552
MR Imaging Temperature Mapping in the Breast 553
MR Imaging–Guided Radiofrequency Ablation 553
MR Imaging–Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapies 554
MR Imaging–Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound 554
MR IMAGING: ROLE IN SURGICAL PLANNING 555
Evaluation of Extent of Disease 555
Selection of Patients and Surgical Planning for Breast-Conserving Surgery 555
Intraoperative MR Imaging for Lumpectomy 556
The Advanced Multimodal Image-Guided Operating Suite 557
SUMMARY 558
REFERENCES 558
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Cardiac Interventions 563
Key points 563
INTRODUCTION 563
TOPICS 564
Coronary Artery Interventions for the Diagnosis or Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease 564
Coronary vascular access 564
Ventricular access and therapy for coronary artery disease 565
Cardiac Electrophysiology Procedure for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rhythm Disorders 565
Ventricular Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions 566
Atrial Interventions 569
Congenital Procedures (Pediatric Disorders) 571
Valve and Septal Defect Repair 573
Miscellaneous Percutaneous and Endovascular Biopsies 573
SUMMARY 573
REFERENCES 573
Magnetic Resonance–guided Active Catheter Tracking 579
Key points 579
INTRODUCTION 579
METHODS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE–GUIDED ACTIVE TRACKING 580
Active Magnetic Resonance Tracking with Microcoils 580
Active Magnetic Resonance Tracking with Antennas 581
Active Tracking with Measurement of Gradients 581
VISUALIZATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE–GUIDED ACTIVE TRACKING 582
Visualization on MR Images 582
Combining Active Tracking with Real-time Imaging 582
Visualization Interface of Active Catheter Tracking 582
SAFETY 582
APPLICATIONS 585
Cardiac Electrophysiology 585
Other Intravascular Interventions 585
Cell Therapy Delivery 585
Interstitial Tumor Therapy 586
SUMMARY 587
REFERENCES 587
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Passive Catheter Tracking for Endovascular Therapy 591
Key points 591
INTRODUCTION 592
THE VASCULAR INTERVENTIONAL MR IMAGING SUITE 592
REAL-TIME MR IMAGING AND MR ANGIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES FOR ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONAL MR IMAGING 592
TRACKING OF ENDOVASCULAR DEVICES 594
PASSIVE TRACKING METHODS 594
NEGATIVE CONTRAST 594
POSITIVE CONTRAST 597
NONPROTON MULTISPECTRAL CONTRAST 599
DIRECT CURRENT 599
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES RELATIVE TO ACTIVE TRACKING 599
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF ENDOVASCULAR DEVICE PASSIVE TRACKING 601
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 602
REFERENCES 602
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Thermal Therapy for Localized and Recurrent Prostate Cancer 607
Key points 607
THE STATE OF THERAPIES FOR PROSTATE CANCER 607
IMPORTANCE OF MR IMAGING FOR PROSTATE CANCER IMAGING 608
Native Prostate Cancer 608
Focal Therapy Treatments for Native Prostate Cancer 608
Magnetic resonance–guided cryoablation 609
Magnetic resonance–guided laser ablation 610
Magnetic resonance–guided focused US ablation 610
RECURRENT PROSTATE CANCER 610
Standard Therapies for Treatment of Recurrent Prostate Cancer 610
Limitations of Current Salvage Therapies for Recurrent Prostate Cancer 611
Surgery 611
Radiation 611
High-intensity focused ultrasonography 611
Salvage ultrasound-guided cryotherapy 611
Selection of Patients with Recurrent Prostate Cancer for Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focal Therapy 611
Magnetic resonance–guided cryoablation 611
Magnetic resonance–guided laser interstitial therapy 612
Magnetic resonance guidance technologies 612
MR imaging thermometry 612
URETHRAL PROTECTION CATHETER 613
POSTPROCEDURAL IMAGING AFTER MAGNETIC RESONANCE–DIRECTED TREATMENTS 614
FOLLOW-UP IMAGING 614
CHALLENGES TO MAGNETIC RESONANCE GUIDANCE 615
Limitations of MR Imaging Thermometry 615
Limitations to MR Imaging Visualization of Iceball Temperature Isotherms 617
SUMMARY 617
REFERENCES 617
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Prostate Biopsy 621
Key points 621
INTRODUCTION 621
UTILITY OF MULTIPARAMETRIC MR IMAGING 621
TARGETED BIOPSY TECHNIQUES 622
In-Bore Magnetic Resonance-Guided Biopsy 622
Magnetic Resonance–Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy 624
Cognitive registration 624
Software-based registration 624
CURRENT EVIDENCE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE-TARGETED BIOPSY PERFORMANCE 628
Men with No Prior Biopsy 628
Men with Prior Negative Biopsies 628
Men with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer 629
LIMITATIONS OF TARGETED BIOPSY 629
SUMMARY 630
REFERENCES 630
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Gynecologic Brachytherapy 633
Key points 633
INTRODUCTION 633
INTRAOPERATIVE USE OF MR IMAGING FOR GYNECOLOGIC CANCER 635
PRIORITIZING MR GUIDANCE IN ENVIRONMENTS WITH LIMITED MR IMAGING ACCESS 635
MR SAFETY AND QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR GYNECOLOGIC BRACHYTHERAPY 636
THE PRACTICE OF MR–GUIDED GYNECOLOGIC BRACHYTHERAPY INSERTIONS 637
TREATMENT PLANNING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR MR–GUIDED GYNECOLOGIC BRACHYTHERAPY 638
SUMMARY 640
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 640
REFERENCES 640
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Drug Delivery 643
Key points 643
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS 643
Barriers to Effective Drug Delivery 644
Image-Guided Drug Delivery 645
Hyperthermia-Mediated Drug Delivery 645
HIGH-INTENSITY FOCUSED ULTRASOUND 645
Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes 646
MR-GUIDED DRUG DELIVERY 646
Treatment Planning 646
Monitoring and Real-Time Guidance 647
MR Thermometry 648
Tissue Displacement 648
Drug Release 649
Posttherapy Assessment and Optimization 649
PRECLINICAL WORK AND FUTURE CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 649
Hyperthermia and Tumor Drug Delivery 650
Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption 650
SUMMARY 652
REFERENCES 652
Update on Clinical Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound Applications 657
Key points 657
FOCUSED ULTRASOUND 657
MAGNETIC RESONANCE GUIDANCE 658
UTERINE FIBROIDS 658
BONE METASTASES–RELATED PAIN MANAGEMENT 659
BRAIN DISEASE 661
PROSTATE CANCER 663
BREAST CANCER 663
SUMMARY 665
REFERENCES 665
Magnetic Resonance Sequences and Rapid Acquisition for MR-Guided Interventions 669
Key points 669
INTRODUCTION 669
IMAGING PROTOCOLS 670
Real-Time Imaging 670
Parallel Imaging 671
Efficient k-Space Trajectories 672
Keyhole Imaging 673
Fast Reconstruction 673
Device Visualization 673
Interactive Environments 674
PEARLS, PITFALLS, AND VARIANTS 676
Artifacts 676
RF-Induced Heating 676
POINTS FOR THE REFERRING PHYSICIAN 676
SUMMARY 676
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 677
REFERENCES 677
Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinic 681
Key points 681
INTRODUCTION 681
PRACTICE PHILOSOPHY AND REFERRAL PATTERNS 682
CLINIC SPACE AND STAFF 683
CLINIC WORKFLOW 683
CLINIC BENEFITS 684
Procedure Day Workflow 684
Increased Referrals 684
Patient and Referring Service Satisfaction 685
COST ANALYSIS 688
SUMMARY 688
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 688
REFERENCES 688
Index 689