BOOK
Joint Disease in the Horse - E-Book
C. Wayne McIlwraith | David D Frisbie | Christopher E Kawcak | René van Weeren
(2015)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Dr. McIlwraith’s Joint Disease in the Horse, 2nd Edition is the only book to give you a full account of equine joint disease, combining a thorough, up-to-date survey of scientific advances with a practical guide to both medical and surgical treatments. With contributions from nationally and internationally recognized pioneers in the field, this groundbreaking text offers an overview of joint structure and function and translates the latest information on basic joint pathobiology into practical application for the clinician. Step-by-step guidance on injection techniques and medications, along with a survey of practical arthroscopic surgery and developments, make it a truly indispensable reference for all equine veterinarians treating sports and racing horses.
- UNIQUE! Unprecedented, state-of-the-art coverage of the pathology, pathogenesis, and clinical diagnosis of traumatic and degenerative joint disease , so you stay in the know.
- Section on general principles of joint pathobiology provides the background to evaluate and interpret the diagnostic and surgical aspects of disease.
- Explores treatments for traumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis and other joint entities, offering a broad range of options and up-to-date recommendations for problematic decisions.
- Addresses recent advances and results in arthroscopic surgery for the acute injury and results including fragment removal, fragment fixation, and synovectomy.
- Discussion of current research provides insight for difficult cases and calls out the directions in which future arthritis research is headed.
- More than 325 photographs and line drawings help engage and guide you through procedures and treatments.
- NEW! Full color throughout with new artwork and a range of new images including radiographs showing both the normal and the disease progression.
- NEW! Practical step-by-step approach demonstrates the authors’ preferred injections methods and shows underlying anatomic correlations.
- NEW and UPDATED! Restructured and substantially revised to emphasize treatment options, making it a practical, concise, and accessible reference and text.
- NEW! All-new chapters on drugs and new biological therapies, including stem cells, IRAP, and PRP and thoroughly updated coverage of HA and corticosteroids.
- NEW! Covers advanced imaging, giving you the latest information available.
- NEW! Expert advice from Dr. McIlwraith, three new co-editors, and new contributors — all distinguished specialists in the field of joint disease in the horse.
- Lameness and surgical clinicians describe how to approach the various, specific disease conditions.
- Equine specific radiologists provide their opinions on the best imaging techniques for defining the disease and making interpretations.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
JOINT DISEASE IN THE HORSE | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Dedication | v | ||
CONTRIBUTORS | vii | ||
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION | ix | ||
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION | xi | ||
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | xi | ||
CONTENTS | xiii | ||
SECTION I - General Principles of Joint Pathobiology | 1 | ||
1 - General Anatomy and Physiology of Joints | 1 | ||
JOINT FUNCTIONS | 2 | ||
TYPES OF JOINTS | 2 | ||
EMBRYONIC JOINT DEVELOPMENT | 2 | ||
PRINCIPLES OF JOINT ANATOMY | 3 | ||
PRINCIPLES OF JOINT PHYSIOLOGY | 12 | ||
CONCLUSIONS | 20 | ||
2 - Biomechanics in Joints | 25 | ||
BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS THAT INFLUENCE JOINT DISEASE | 25 | ||
3 - Traumatic Arthritis and Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in the Horse | 33 | ||
TRAUMATIC ARTHRITIS | 33 | ||
4 - Pathologic Manifestations of Joint Disease | 49 | ||
PATHOGENESIS OF JOINT DISEASE | 49 | ||
BIOMECHANICAL INFLUENCES ON JOINT DISEASE | 49 | ||
SUMMARY | 55 | ||
5 - Osteochondritis Dissecans | 57 | ||
HISTORY AND TERMINOLOGY | 57 | ||
THE PROCESS OF ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION | 57 | ||
CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF OC | 59 | ||
PREVALENCE AND EVOLUTION OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS | 62 | ||
THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISM BEHIND OSTEOCHONDROSIS | 65 | ||
ETIOLOGIC FACTORS | 69 | ||
TREATMENT | 74 | ||
PROGNOSIS | 75 | ||
ECONOMIC AND WELFARE IMPACT OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS | 77 | ||
CONCLUSION AND POINTERS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH | 77 | ||
6 - Subchondral Cystic Lesions | 85 | ||
SECTION II - General Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment | 119 | ||
9 - Principles of Diagnosis | 119 | ||
CLINICAL EXAMINATION | 119 | ||
PRINCIPLES OF IMAGING | 123 | ||
REGION 1: FOOT AND PASTERN | 134 | ||
REGION 2: FETLOCK | 134 | ||
REGION 3: CARPUS | 134 | ||
REGION 4: ELBOW | 134 | ||
REGION 5: SHOULDER | 134 | ||
REGION 6: TARSUS | 134 | ||
REGION 7: STIFLE | 134 | ||
REGION 8: HIP | 134 | ||
PROXIMAL PHALANX-A | 135 | ||
MIDDLE PHALANX-B | 135 | ||
DISTAL PHALANX-C | 135 | ||
NAVICULAR BONE-D | 135 | ||
FETLOCK | 141 | ||
RADIUS | 149 | ||
PROXIMAL CARPAL ROW | 149 | ||
DISTAL CARPAL ROW | 149 | ||
METACARPALS | 149 | ||
HUMERUS (A) | 158 | ||
RADIUS (B)/ULNA (C) | 158 | ||
HUMERUS (A) | 161 | ||
SCAPULA (B) | 161 | ||
TIBIA-A | 164 | ||
TALUS-C/CALCANEUS-B | 164 | ||
TARSAL BONES | 164 | ||
METATARSAL | 164 | ||
FEMUR (A) | 176 | ||
PELVIS (B) | 176 | ||
10 - Synovial Fluid and Serum Biomarkers | 179 | ||
WHAT IS A BIOMARKER? | 179 | ||
UNDERSTANDING JOINT STRUCTURE AND METABOLISM IN HEALTH AND DISEASE | 180 | ||
INDIVIDUAL DIRECT BIOMARKERS OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE METABOLISM IN OSTEOARTHRITIS | 180 | ||
INDIVIDUAL DIRECT BIOMARKERS OF BONE METABOLISM IN JOINT DISEASE | 182 | ||
INDIRECT BIOMARKERS OF JOINT HOMEOSTASIS | 183 | ||
FUTURE OF BIOMARKERS IN OSTEOARTHRITIS | 185 | ||
SECTION III - Principles of Therapy of Traumatic Arthritis and Osteoarthritis | 192 | ||
11 - NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS | 194 | ||
WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS WITH USE OF NSAIDS? | 198 | ||
POTENTIAL ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF NSAIDS WITH REGARD TO WITHDRAWAL FROM COMPETITION | 198 | ||
12 - INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROIDS* | 202 | ||
EARLY EVALUATIONS OF DIRECT EFFECTS | 202 | ||
MORE RECENT RESEARCH ON BENEFICIAL AND DELETERIOUS EFFECTS IN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EQUINE MODELS | 203 | ||
COMBINED USE OF HYALURONAN AND TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE | 206 | ||
LAMINITIS: A SUGGESTED POTENTIAL COMPLICATION OF INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID USE | 207 | ||
WHAT ARE EQUINE VETERINARIANS USING IN PRACTICE? | 207 | ||
THE ASSOCIATION OF INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROIDS AND CATASTROPHIC INJURY | 207 | ||
PHARMACOLOGY OF CORTICOSTEROIDS AND DURATION OF PHARMACOLOGIC EFFECTS | 208 | ||
THE INFLUENCE OF REST FROM EXERCISE AFTER INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION | 210 | ||
AN EVOLUTION OF STRICTER DRUG RESTRICTIONS | 210 | ||
SUMMARY | 211 | ||
13 - Hyaluronan | 215 | ||
ROLE OF HYALURONAN IN JOINT DISEASE | 215 | ||
SUMMARY | 218 | ||
14 - Polysulfated Glycosaminoglycan (Adequan®) | 220 | ||
EARLY STUDIES IN IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS | 220 | ||
CLINICAL USE AND MORE RECENT EVIDENCE FOR EFFICACY | 220 | ||
HYALURONAN, SODIUM CHONDROITIN SULFATE, AND N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE COMBINATION PRODUCTS | 222 | ||
15 - Pentosan Polysulfate | 224 | ||
MECHANISMS OF ACTION | 224 | ||
STUDIES IN HORSES | 225 | ||
SUMMARY | 227 | ||
16 - Biologic Therapies | 229 | ||
AUTOLOGOUS CONDITIONED SERUM | 229 | ||
PLATELET-RICH PLASMA | 230 | ||
SUMMARY | 234 | ||
17 - Stem Cells | 236 | ||
CHOICE OF SOURCE FOR MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS | 236 | ||
DOSE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS | 236 | ||
TIMING AND NUMBER OF TREATMENTS WITH MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS | 236 | ||
CARTILAGE INJURY/FOCAL RESURFACING | 236 | ||
OSTEOARTHRITIS | 239 | ||
INTRAARTICULAR SOFT TISSUE INJURIES | 239 | ||
SUMMARY | 241 | ||
18 - Physical Rehabilitation | 243 | ||
REHABILITATION ISSUES IN JOINT DISEASE | 243 | ||
PAIN AND INFLAMMATION | 243 | ||
PROPRIOCEPTION AND JOINT INSTABILITY | 249 | ||
JOINT STIFFNESS | 254 | ||
NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL | 255 | ||
ENDURANCE AND STRENGTH | 257 | ||
USE OF AQUATIC THERAPIES IN MANAGING JOINT DISEASE | 258 | ||
SUMMARY | 263 | ||
19 - USE OF ORAL JOINT SUPPLEMENTS IN EQUINE JOINT DISEASE* | 270 | ||
TERMINOLOGY AND REGULATORY ISSUES IN THE USE OF ORAL JOINT SUPPLEMENTS (A U.S. PERSPECTIVE) | 270 | ||
TYPES OF ORAL JOINT SUPPLEMENTS | 272 | ||
SUMMARY | 277 | ||
SECTION IV - Specifics of Anatomy, Clinical Diagnosis,Imaging Diagnosis, and Treatment by Region | 281 | ||
20 - Distal Limb | 281 | ||
DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT | 281 | ||
PATHOLOGIC CHANGE IN THE DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT | 286 | ||
PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT | 295 | ||
21 - Fetlock | 302 | ||
ANATOMY | 302 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING OF THE EQUINE FETLOCK | 305 | ||
22 - Carpus | 318 | ||
IMAGING PARAMETERS | 318 | ||
CLINICAL SIGNS | 321 | ||
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS | 321 | ||
23 - The Elbow and Shoulder | 332 | ||
ELBOW | 332 | ||
SHOULDER | 334 | ||
24 - Tarsus | 340 | ||
IMAGING PARAMETERS | 343 | ||
CLINICAL SIGNS | 344 | ||
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS | 345 | ||
25 - Stifle | 354 | ||
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING OF THE STIFLE | 354 | ||
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS | 356 | ||
26 - The Hip | 372 | ||
RADIOGRAPHY | 372 | ||
ULTRASOUND | 372 | ||
NUCLEAR SCINTIGRAPHY | 372 | ||
OSTEOARTHRITIS | 372 | ||
OSTEOCHONDROSIS/HIP DYSPLASIA | 374 | ||
FRACTURES/LUXATION | 374 | ||
SEPTIC ARTHRITIS | 374 | ||
SECTION V - New Frontiers | 376 | ||
27 - Equine Joint Disease: Present and Future Directions in Research | 376 | ||
(EARLY) DIAGNOSIS OF JOINT DISEASE | 376 | ||
THERAPIES (BOTH SYMPTOM-MODIFYING AND DISEASE-MODIFYING) | 380 | ||
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE HEALING (REPAIR) | 384 | ||
IMPROVEMENT IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF PATHOGENESIS OF EXERCISE-INDUCED TRAUMATIC DISEASE | 392 | ||
REHABILITATION AND PHYSICAL THERAPY | 393 | ||
INDEX | 399 |