BOOK
Rhinoplasty: A Multispecialty Approach, An Issue of Clinics in Plastic Surgery, E-Book
Babak Azizzadeh | Daniel Becker
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
The third of a series of Multispecialty presentations in plastic surgery is this issue on Rhinoplasty, led by Dr. Babak Azzizadeh with plastic surgery section editor Dr. Ronald Gruber and facial plastic surgery section Editor Dr. Daniel Becker. This comprehensive publication on all aspects of Rhinoplasty and Revision Rhinoplasty presents clinical management from plastic surgeons and facial plastic surgeons on topics including: Anatomy/Analysis of the Nose in Rhinoplasty; External and Endonasal Rhinoplasty; Airway Obstruction; Surgical Treatment of Nasal Obstruction in Rhinoplasty; Cleft Lip Nose; Humpectomy/Spreader Flaps; Costal Cartilage Grafts in Rhinoplasty; Nasal Bones and Osteotomies; Dorsal Hump Osteotomies; Dorsal Augmentation; Short Nose Correction; Nasal Tip Deficiency; Projection and De-projection Techniques in Rhinoplasty; Projection and De-projection in Rhinoplasty; Use of Fillers in Rhinoplasty; Surgical Treatment of the Middle Nasal Vault; Bulbous and Broad Nasal Tip; The Crooked Nose; Surgical Treatment of the Twisted Nose; Nasal Base Deformities; Alar Rim Deformities; Rhinoplasty in the Asian Patient; Rhinoplasty in the African-American Patient; Rhinoplasty in the Latino Patient; Revision Rhinoplasty; Chin Advancement, Augmentation, and Reduction as an Adjunct to Rhinoplasty.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Rhinoplasty:A Multispecialty Approach\r | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| EDITOR | iii | ||
| EDITORS | iii | ||
| AUTHORS | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Preface: Rhinoplasty: Education Through Multispecialty Collaboration\r | vii | ||
| Surface Aesthetics and Analysis\r | vii | ||
| Open and Closed Rhinoplasty\r | vii | ||
| Surgical Treatment of Nasal Obstruction in Rhinoplasty\r | vii | ||
| Surgical Management of Nasal Airway Obstruction\r | vii | ||
| Dorsal Hump Reduction and Osteotomies\r | viii | ||
| Management of the Nasal Dorsum: Construction and Maintenance of a Barrel Vault\r | viii | ||
| Nasal Bone Osteotomies with Nonpowered Tools\r | viii | ||
| Surgical Treatment of the Middle Nasal Vault\r | viii | ||
| Surgical Treatment of the Twisted Nose\r | viii | ||
| The Crooked Nose\r | ix | ||
| Reshaping of the Broad and Bulbous Nasal Tip\r | ix | ||
| Alar Rim Deformities\r | ix | ||
| Nasal Tip Deficiency\r | ix | ||
| Projection and Deprojection Techniques in Rhinoplasty\r | x | ||
| The Short Nose\r | x | ||
| Revision Rhinoplasty\r | x | ||
| Pyriform Aperture Augmentation as An Adjunct to Rhinoplasty\r | x | ||
| Harvesting Rib Cartilage in Primary and Secondary Rhinoplasty\r | xi | ||
| Costal Cartilage Grafts in Rhinoplasty\r | xi | ||
| The Cleft Lip Nose: Primary and Secondary Treat | xi | ||
| Cleft Lip Nose\r | xi | ||
| Rhinoplasty in Latino Patients\r | xi | ||
| Rhinoplasty in the African American Patient: Anatomic Considerations and Technical Pearls\r | xii | ||
| Rhinoplasty in the Asian Patient\r | xii | ||
| Rhinoplasty in Middle Eastern Patients\r | xii | ||
| Chin Advancement, Augmentation, and Reduction as Adjuncts to Rhinoplasty\r | xii | ||
| Use of Fillers in Rhinoplasty\r | xiii | ||
| CLINICS IN PLASTIC SURGERY\r | xiv | ||
| FORTHCOMING ISSUES | xiv | ||
| April 2016 | xiv | ||
| July 2016 | xiv | ||
| October 2016 | xiv | ||
| RECENT ISSUES | xiv | ||
| October 2015 | xiv | ||
| July 2015 | xiv | ||
| April 2015 | xiv | ||
| Preface: Rhinoplasty: Education Through Multispecialty Collaboration \r | xv | ||
| Surface Aesthetics and Analysis | 1 | ||
| Key points | 1 | ||
| NASAL ANALYSIS: LEARN TO SKETCH THE NOSE | 1 | ||
| Sketch from the Front | 1 | ||
| Sketch from the Side | 2 | ||
| Sketch from Above and Below | 2 | ||
| AESTHETIC NASAL POLYGONS | 2 | ||
| THE NON-MOBILE UPPER NOSE | 5 | ||
| THE MOBILE TIP AREA | 5 | ||
| Mass Polygons | 5 | ||
| Gap Polygons (Cannot Be Seen When the Skin Is Raised) | 5 | ||
| DORSAL CARTILAGE POLYGON | 5 | ||
| DORSAL BONE POLYGON | 6 | ||
| UPPER LATERAL CARTILAGE POLYGONS | 6 | ||
| LATERAL BONE POLYGONS | 6 | ||
| DORSAL AESTHETIC LINES | 6 | ||
| LATERAL AESTHETIC LINES | 8 | ||
| THE NOSTRIL CREASE | 8 | ||
| THE NASAL TIP | 9 | ||
| DOME TRIANGLES AND THE INTERDOMAL TRIANGLE | 9 | ||
| TIP-DEFINING POINTS | 10 | ||
| WHAT IS THE FACET? | 10 | ||
| FACET POLYGONS | 11 | ||
| LATERAL CRUS POLYGONS | 11 | ||
| RESTING ANGLE | 11 | ||
| SCROLL LINE | 12 | ||
| INFRALOBULAR POLYGON | 14 | ||
| COLUMELLAR POLYGON | 14 | ||
| FOOTPLATE POLYGONS | 15 | ||
| SUMMARY | 15 | ||
| REFERENCES | 15 | ||
| Open and Closed Rhinoplasty | 17 | ||
| Key points | 17 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 17 | ||
| ANATOMY, INCISIONS, AND APPROACHES | 17 | ||
| Nasal Anatomy | 17 | ||
| Incisions and approaches | 19 | ||
| Indications for endonasal versus external | 19 | ||
| External and endonasal approaches to the upper third | 20 | ||
| External and endonasal approaches to the middle nasal vault | 21 | ||
| External and endonasal approaches to the nasal tip | 24 | ||
| External and endonasal approaches to revision rhinoplasty | 24 | ||
| Endonasal and external approaches to the deviated caudal septum | 25 | ||
| Philosophic considerations—a graduated approach: the big picture | 25 | ||
| REFERENCES | 27 | ||
| Surgical Treatment of Nasal Obstruction in Rhinoplasty | 29 | ||
| Key points | 29 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 29 | ||
| ANATOMIC CONSIDERATION | 29 | ||
| The Nasal Valves | 29 | ||
| The External Nasal Valve | 30 | ||
| The Internal Nasal Valve | 30 | ||
| The Septum | 30 | ||
| The Turbinates | 30 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 31 | ||
| EXTERNAL NASAL VALVE | 32 | ||
| INTERNAL NASAL VALVE | 34 | ||
| DEVIATED SEPTUM | 36 | ||
| INFERIOR TURBINATE | 38 | ||
| OSTEOTOMY | 39 | ||
| SUMMARY | 39 | ||
| REFERENCES | 39 | ||
| Surgical Management of Nasal Airway Obstruction | 41 | ||
| Key points | 41 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 41 | ||
| ANATOMY | 41 | ||
| FUNCTION | 41 | ||
| CAUSES | 42 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 42 | ||
| TREATMENT | 42 | ||
| SUMMARY | 46 | ||
| Dorsal Hump Reduction and Osteotomies | 47 | ||
| Key points | 47 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 47 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 48 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 48 | ||
| PATIENT POSITIONING | 48 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 48 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 53 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURAL CARE | 54 | ||
| REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY | 55 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 55 | ||
| SUMMARY | 57 | ||
| REFERENCES | 57 | ||
| Management of the Nasal Dorsum | 59 | ||
| Key points | 59 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 59 | ||
| ANATOMY | 60 | ||
| Skin | 60 | ||
| Cartilage | 60 | ||
| Mucosa | 61 | ||
| Inferior Turbinates | 61 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PATIENT EVALUATION | 61 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PATIENT PREPARATION | 62 | ||
| Operating Room | 63 | ||
| SURGICAL PROCEDURE | 63 | ||
| COMPONENT SEPARATION | 64 | ||
| BONY VAULT | 65 | ||
| REASSEMBLY | 66 | ||
| RADIX GRAFT WHEN NEEDED | 67 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE CARE | 69 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 71 | ||
| Functional | 71 | ||
| Aesthetic | 71 | ||
| REFERENCES | 71 | ||
| Nasal Bone Osteotomies with Nonpowered Tools | 73 | ||
| Key points | 73 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 73 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF NASAL BONE DEFORMITIES AND PERTINENT ANATOMY | 74 | ||
| VASOCONSTRICTION | 75 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 75 | ||
| Osteotomes | 75 | ||
| Medial Oblique Osteotomy | 75 | ||
| Lateral Osteotomy | 76 | ||
| PATIENT EXAMPLES | 79 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 80 | ||
| SUMMARY | 81 | ||
| REFERENCES | 82 | ||
| Surgical Treatment of the Middle Nasal Vault | 85 | ||
| Key points | 85 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 85 | ||
| ANATOMY | 85 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 86 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 88 | ||
| Preparation | 88 | ||
| External Approach | 88 | ||
| Widening of the Narrow Middle Vault | 89 | ||
| Narrowing of the Wide Middle Vault | 90 | ||
| Dorsal Hump Reduction for Overprojection | 90 | ||
| Dorsal Augmentation for Underprojection | 92 | ||
| Correcting the Deviated/Twisted Middle Vault | 92 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURAL CARE | 93 | ||
| POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT | 93 | ||
| SUMMARY | 94 | ||
| REFERENCES | 94 | ||
| Surgical Treatment of the Twisted Nose | 95 | ||
| Key points | 95 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 95 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 95 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 96 | ||
| PATIENT POSITIONING | 96 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 96 | ||
| POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF THEM | 97 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURAL CARE | 97 | ||
| REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY | 97 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 98 | ||
| SUMMARY | 98 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 98 | ||
| REFERENCES | 98 | ||
| The Crooked Nose | 99 | ||
| Key points | 99 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 99 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 99 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 100 | ||
| PRINCIPLES FOR TREATING THE CROOKED NOSE | 101 | ||
| Wide Exposure of Deviated Structures | 101 | ||
| Wide Release of Mucoperichondrial Attachments | 101 | ||
| Straightening the Deviated Septum and Septal Reconstruction | 101 | ||
| Correcting Caudal Septal Deviation | 102 | ||
| Correction of Dorsal Septal Deviation | 104 | ||
| Restoration of Septal Support | 105 | ||
| Inferior Turbinate Surgery | 105 | ||
| Nasal Osteotomies | 106 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 107 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURE CARE | 108 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 108 | ||
| SUMMARY | 111 | ||
| REFERENCES | 111 | ||
| Reshaping of the Broad and Bulbous Nasal Tip | 115 | ||
| Key points | 115 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 115 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE ANALYSIS | 116 | ||
| SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE | 117 | ||
| TIP SUTURING | 119 | ||
| TIP GRAFTS | 121 | ||
| Columellar Strut | 121 | ||
| Onlay Tip Grafts and Infratip Grafts | 122 | ||
| Alar Contour Grafts | 123 | ||
| Lower Lateral Crurual Strut and Repositioning | 123 | ||
| SUMMARY | 125 | ||
| REFERENCES | 125 | ||
| Alar Rim Deformities | 127 | ||
| Key points | 127 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 127 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 127 | ||
| Profile View | 127 | ||
| Basilar View | 127 | ||
| SURGICAL CORRECTION OF THE DEFORMITIES | 127 | ||
| DISCUSSION | 133 | ||
| REFERENCES | 134 | ||
| Nasal Tip Deficiency | 135 | ||
| Key points | 135 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 135 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 135 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 136 | ||
| Increasing Tip Projection and Stabilizing the Columellar Base | 136 | ||
| Columellar strut graft | 136 | ||
| Tip graft | 136 | ||
| Caudal septal extension graft | 136 | ||
| Strengthening the Lateral Crura | 137 | ||
| Case analysis | 137 | ||
| Cephalic Malposition of Lateral Crura | 139 | ||
| Projection and Deprojection Techniques in Rhinoplasty | 151 | ||
| Key points | 151 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 151 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS | 152 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 154 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 154 | ||
| Decreasing Tip Projection | 154 | ||
| Preserving Tip Projection | 161 | ||
| Increasing Tip Projection | 161 | ||
| Suture techniques | 161 | ||
| Structural grafts | 162 | ||
| SUMMARY | 166 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 167 | ||
| REFERENCES | 167 | ||
| The Short Nose | 169 | ||
| Key points | 169 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 169 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 169 | ||
| PATIENT POSITIONING | 170 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 170 | ||
| TECHNIQUE | 170 | ||
| Technique 1: Septal Extension Graft | 171 | ||
| Case 1: primary rhinoplasty | 171 | ||
| Case 2: secondary rhinoplasty | 171 | ||
| Technique 2: Rib Graft | 171 | ||
| Case 3: secondary rhinoplasty | 171 | ||
| Technique 3: Complex Osteotomy Nasal Lengthening | 171 | ||
| Case 4: secondary posttraumatic rhinoplasty | 173 | ||
| Case 5: posttraumatic rhinoplasty | 174 | ||
| POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF THEM | 174 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 174 | ||
| Rehabilitation and Recovery | 176 | ||
| SUMMARY | 176 | ||
| REFERENCES | 176 | ||
| Revision Rhinoplasty | 177 | ||
| Key points | 177 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 177 | ||
| ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH REVISION RHINOPLASTY | 177 | ||
| COMMON MOTIVATION FOR PATIENTS SEEKING REVISION RHINOPLASTY | 178 | ||
| PREPARING FOR REVISION RHINOPLASTY | 179 | ||
| COMMON SURGICAL DEFORMITIES AND CORRECTIVE PROCEDURES | 180 | ||
| Upper Third of the Nose | 180 | ||
| Middle Third | 181 | ||
| Lower Third | 182 | ||
| Soft Tissue | 183 | ||
| SUMMARY | 183 | ||
| REFERENCES | 184 | ||
| Pyriform Aperture Augmentation as An Adjunct to Rhinoplasty | 187 | ||
| Key points | 187 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION | 187 | ||
| Anthropometric Data | 187 | ||
| SURGICAL ANATOMY | 189 | ||
| THE IMPLANT | 189 | ||
| OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE | 189 | ||
| CLINICAL EXAMPLES | 193 | ||
| SUMMARY | 193 | ||
| REFERENCES | 193 | ||
| Harvesting Rib Cartilage in Primary and Secondary Rhinoplasty | 195 | ||
| Key points | 195 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 195 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 195 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 196 | ||
| PATIENT POSITIONING | 196 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 196 | ||
| POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF THEM | 198 | ||
| POSTPROCEDURAL CARE | 200 | ||
| REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY | 200 | ||
| OUTCOMES | 200 | ||
| SUMMARY | 200 | ||
| REFERENCES | 200 | ||
| Costal Cartilage Grafts in Rhinoplasty | 201 | ||
| Key points | 201 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 201 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 202 | ||
| Preoperative Planning and Preparation | 202 | ||
| Patient Positioning | 203 | ||
| Procedural Approach | 203 | ||
| POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT | 207 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 210 | ||
| Rehabilitation and Recovery | 210 | ||
| Outcomes | 210 | ||
| SUMMARY | 211 | ||
| REFERENCES | 212 | ||
| The Cleft Lip Nose | 213 | ||
| Key points | 213 | ||
| CLEFT ANATOMY | 213 | ||
| Cleft Lip Repair | 214 | ||
| The Incomplete Bilateral Cleft | 214 | ||
| Complete Bilateral Clefts | 214 | ||
| Technique of Primary Nasal Correction | 217 | ||
| Secondary Correction of the Cleft Nasal Deformity | 219 | ||
| REFERENCES | 221 | ||
| Cleft Lip Nose | 223 | ||
| Key points | 223 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 223 | ||
| ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY OF THE CLEFT NASAL DEFORMITY | 223 | ||
| Unilateral Cleft Lip Nose Deformity | 224 | ||
| Bilateral Cleft Lip Nose Deformity | 224 | ||
| TREATMENT | 224 | ||
| Timing of the Cleft Nasal Repair | 224 | ||
| Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding | 225 | ||
| Primary Rhinoplasty | 225 | ||
| Intermediate Rhinoplasty | 226 | ||
| Orthognathic Surgery | 226 | ||
| Secondary (Definitive) Rhinoplasty | 227 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUES | 227 | ||
| Approaches | 227 | ||
| Septal Reconstruction | 228 | ||
| Treatment of the Nasal Tip | 233 | ||
| Treatment of the Cleft Alar Rim | 233 | ||
| Treatment of the Alar Base | 234 | ||
| SUMMARY | 235 | ||
| REFERENCES | 235 | ||
| Rhinoplasty in Latino Patients | 237 | ||
| Key points | 237 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 237 | ||
| Concepts of Beauty and Mestizo Patients | 237 | ||
| Mestizo Nasal Characteristics | 238 | ||
| THE CONSULTATION | 238 | ||
| STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO THE MESTIZO OR LATINO NOSE | 239 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUE | 239 | ||
| THE UPPER THIRD OF THE NOSE (BONY DORSUM) | 240 | ||
| Surgical Solutions | 240 | ||
| Slight augmentation | 240 | ||
| Moderate augmentation | 240 | ||
| Marked augmentation | 240 | ||
| THE MIDDLE THIRD OF THE NOSE (CARTILAGINOUS DORSUM) | 241 | ||
| Surgical Solutions | 241 | ||
| Spreader grafts | 241 | ||
| Flaring mattress sutures | 241 | ||
| Onlay grafts/crushed cartilage | 242 | ||
| LOWER THIRD OF THE NOSE (NASAL TIP) | 242 | ||
| The Pedestal | 242 | ||
| Surgical Solutions | 242 | ||
| Columellar strut | 242 | ||
| Caudal septal extension graft | 242 | ||
| The Nasal Tip | 243 | ||
| Intact tip procedures | 244 | ||
| Reduction of the width of the alar cartilage | 244 | ||
| Lateral crural turn-in flap | 244 | ||
| Suturing techniques | 245 | ||
| Lateral crural steal | 245 | ||
| Dome-defining sutures | 245 | ||
| Alar-spanning suture | 245 | ||
| Intercrural suture | 245 | ||
| Septocolumellar suture | 245 | ||
| Incomplete strip procedures (cartilage splitting techniques) | 247 | ||
| Lateral crural overlay | 248 | ||
| Medial crural overlay | 248 | ||
| Grafts | 249 | ||
| Shield graft | 249 | ||
| Alar strut grafts | 249 | ||
| Alar rim grafts | 249 | ||
| Morselized cartilage/crushed cartilage | 250 | ||
| THE NASAL BASE | 250 | ||
| POSTSURGICAL FOLLOW-UP | 251 | ||
| SUMMARY | 251 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 254 | ||
| REFERENCES | 254 | ||
| Rhinoplasty in the African American Patient | 255 | ||
| Key points | 255 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 255 | ||
| ANATOMY | 255 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 256 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 256 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUES | 257 | ||
| Initial Dissection | 257 | ||
| Septoplasty and Inferior Turbinoplasty | 257 | ||
| Cartilage Grafting | 257 | ||
| Nasal Tip Surgery | 259 | ||
| Osteotomies | 260 | ||
| Radix and Dorsal Augmentation | 260 | ||
| Alar Flare and Base Reduction | 261 | ||
| Postoperative Complications and Management | 261 | ||
| PRECAUTIONS | 262 | ||
| SUMMARY | 263 | ||
| REFERENCES | 264 | ||
| Rhinoplasty in the Asian Patient | 265 | ||
| Key points | 265 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 265 | ||
| CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASIAN NOSE AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS | 265 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF THE NASAL DORSUM | 266 | ||
| Dorsal Augmentation | 266 | ||
| Determining the level and height of the nasion | 266 | ||
| Choice of augmentation material | 266 | ||
| Dorsal augmentation using alloplastic implant | 267 | ||
| Procedural approach | 268 | ||
| Avoiding complications using alloplastic implants | 268 | ||
| Management of the Dorsal Hump | 268 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF THE NASAL TIP | 272 | ||
| Tip Augmentation (Controlling Projection and Rotation) | 272 | ||
| The septal extension graft | 273 | ||
| Procedural approach | 274 | ||
| Managing the Bulbous Asian Tip (Decreasing Volume and Increasing Definition) | 274 | ||
| REVISION RHINOPLASTY IN ASIANS | 275 | ||
| Alloplast-Related Complication | 276 | ||
| Short, Contracted Nose | 276 | ||
| Dorsal Deviation and Irregularity | 276 | ||
| Tip Problems Related with Septal Extension Graft | 278 | ||
| SUMMARY | 278 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 278 | ||
| REFERENCES | 278 | ||
| Rhinoplasty in Middle Eastern Patients | 281 | ||
| Key points | 281 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 281 | ||
| TREATMENT GOALS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES | 282 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 282 | ||
| Procedural Approach to Middle Eastern Rhinoplasty | 283 | ||
| Surgical Correction | 284 | ||
| Avoiding Potential Complications in Middle Eastern Rhinoplasty | 287 | ||
| SUMMARY | 292 | ||
| Chin Advancement, Augmentation, and Reduction as Adjuncts to Rhinoplasty | 295 | ||
| Key points | 295 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 295 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND PREPARATION | 296 | ||
| Chin Deformities | 298 | ||
| PROCEDURAL APPROACH | 300 | ||
| SURGICAL TECHNIQUE | 300 | ||
| Chin Implant | 300 | ||
| Fixation of alloplast chin implants | 302 | ||
| Osseous Genioplasty | 302 | ||
| Osteotomies | 303 | ||
| Soft Tissue Fillers | 304 | ||
| Postoperative care | 305 | ||
| Complications | 305 | ||
| SUMMARY | 305 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | 306 | ||
| REFERENCES | 306 | ||
| Use of Fillers in Rhinoplasty | 307 | ||
| Key points | 307 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 307 | ||
| ANATOMY FOR RHINOPLASTY USING FILLER | 309 | ||
| Soft Tissue of the Nose | 309 | ||
| Vascular Supply of the External Nose | 309 | ||
| SELECTION OF TARGET PATIENT | 309 | ||
| METHOD OF PROCEDURE | 310 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 313 | ||
| Bruising | 313 | ||
| Asymmetry | 313 | ||
| Visible Implant | 313 | ||
| Hypersensitivity | 313 | ||
| Lumps | 313 | ||
| Vascular Compromise | 313 | ||
| Intra-arterial Embolism | 314 | ||
| Cause | 314 | ||
| Symptoms | 316 | ||
| Prevention | 316 | ||
| Treatment | 316 | ||
| Inflammatory Response and Edema | 317 | ||
| REFERENCES | 317 | ||
| Index | 319 |