BOOK
Netter's Atlas of Neuroscience E-Book
David L. Felten | Michael K. O'Banion | Mary E Maida
(2015)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Ideal for students of neuroscience and neuroanatomy, the new edition of Netter's Atlas of Neuroscience combines the didactic well-loved illustrations of Dr. Frank Netter with succinct text and clinical points, providing a highly visual, clinically oriented guide to the most important topics in this subject. The logically organized content presents neuroscience from three perspectives: an overview of the nervous system, regional neuroscience, and systemic neuroscience, enabling you to review complex neural structures and systems from different contexts.
You may also be interested in:
A companion set of flash cards, Netter’s Neuroscience Flash Cards, 3rd Edition, to which the textbook is cross-referenced.
- Coverage of both regional and systemic neurosciences allows you to learn structure and function in different and important contexts.
- Combines the precision and beauty of Netter and Netter-style illustrations to highlight key neuroanatomical concepts and clinical correlations.
- Reflects the current understanding of the neural components and supportive tissue, regions, and systems of the brain, spinal cord, and periphery.
- Uniquely informative drawings provide a quick and memorable overview of anatomy, function, and clinical relevance.
- Succinct and useful format utilizes tables and short text to offer easily accessible "at-a-glance" information.
- Provides an overview of the basic features of the spinal cord, brain, and peripheral nervous system, the vasculature, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid, and basic development.
- Integrates the peripheral and central aspects of the nervous system.
- Bridges neuroanatomy and neurology through the use of correlative radiographs.
- Highlights cross-sectional brain stem anatomy and side-by-side comparisons of horizontal sections, CTs and MRIs.
- Expanded coverage of cellular and molecular neuroscience provides essential guidance on signaling, transcription factors, stem cells, evoked potentials, neuronal and glial function, and a number of molecular breakthroughs for a better understanding of normal and pathologic conditions of the nervous system.
- Micrographs, radiologic imaging, and stained cross sections supplement illustrations for a comprehensive visual understanding.
- Increased clinical points -- from sleep disorders and inflammation in the CNS to the biology of seizures and the mechanisms of Alzheimer's -- offer concise insights that bridge basic neuroscience and clinical application.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Marketing ad | i | ||
| Netter's Atlas of Neuroscience | ii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| About the Authors | v | ||
| Dedication | vii | ||
| Acknowledgments | ix | ||
| Preface | xi | ||
| Organization of Netter’s Atlas of Neuroscience | xii | ||
| About the Artists | xiii | ||
| Table Of Contents | xv | ||
| Video Contents | xvii | ||
| I Overview of the Nervous System | 1 | ||
| 1 Neurons and Their Properties | 3 | ||
| Anatomical and Molecular Properties | 4 | ||
| 1.1 Neuronal Structure | 4 | ||
| 1.2 3D Neuronal Structure And Neurohistology | 5 | ||
| 1.3 Types of Synapses | 6 | ||
| 1.4 Neuronal Cell Types | 7 | ||
| 1.5 Glial Cell Types | 8 | ||
| 1.6 Astrocyte Biology | 9 | ||
| 1.7 Microglial Biology | 10 | ||
| 1.8 Oligodendrocyte Biology | 11 | ||
| 1.9 Neuronal Growth Factors And Trophic Factors | 12 | ||
| 1.10 Stem Cells In The CNS: Intrinsic And Extrinsic Mechanisms | 13 | ||
| 1.11 Stem Cell Therapy | 14 | ||
| 1.12 Blood-Brain Barrier | 15 | ||
| 1.13 Inflammation in the CNS | 16 | ||
| 1.14 Axonal Transport in the CNS and PNS | 17 | ||
| 1.15 Myelination of CNS and PNS Axons | 18 | ||
| 1.16 Development of Myelination and Axon Ensheathment | 19 | ||
| Electrical Properties | 20 | ||
| 1.17 Neuronal Resting Potential | 20 | ||
| 1.18 Neuronal Membrane Potential and Sodium Channels | 21 | ||
| 1.19 Graded Potentials in Neurons | 22 | ||
| 1.20 Mechanisms of Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials and Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials | 23 | ||
| 1.21 Action Potentials | 24 | ||
| 1.22 Propagation of the Action Potential | 25 | ||
| 1.23 Conduction Velocity | 26 | ||
| 1.24 Classification of Peripheral Nerve Fibers by Size and Conduction Velocity | 27 | ||
| 1.25 Electromyography and Conduction Velocity Studies | 28 | ||
| 1.26 Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Inhibition | 29 | ||
| 1.27 Spatial and Temporal Summation | 30 | ||
| 1.28 Normal Electrical Firing Patterns of Cortical Neurons and the Origin and Spread of Seizures | 31 | ||
| 1.29 Electroencephalography | 32 | ||
| 1.30 Types of Electrical Discharges in Generalized Seizures and Sites of Action of Antiseizure Medications | 33 | ||
| 1.31 Visual and Auditory Evoked Potentials | 34 | ||
| Neurotransmitter and Signaling Properties | 35 | ||
| 1.32 Synaptic Morphology | 35 | ||
| 1.33 Mechanisms of Molecular Signaling in Neurons | 36 | ||
| 1.34 Neurotransmitter Release | 37 | ||
| 1.35 Multiple Neurotransmitter Synthesis, Release, and Signaling from Individual Neurons | 38 | ||
| 1.36 Neuronal Signal Transduction: Local Regulation of Synaptic Strength at An Excitatory Synapse | 39 | ||
| 1.37 Neuronal Signal Transduction: Regulation of Nuclear Signaling | 40 | ||
| 1.38 Glucocorticoid Regulation of Neurons and Apoptosis | 41 | ||
| 1.39 Chemical Neurotransmission | 43 | ||
| Amino Acid Synapse | 43 | ||
| Catecholamine Synapse | 43 | ||
| Serotonin Synapse | 43 | ||
| Peptide Synapses | 43 | ||
| Acetylcholine (Cholinergic) Synapse | 43 | ||
| 2 Skull and Meninges | 45 | ||
| 2.1 Interior View of the Base of the Adult Skull | 46 | ||
| 2.2 Foramina in the Base of the Adult Skull | 47 | ||
| 2.3 Bony Framework of the Head and Neck | 48 | ||
| 2.4 Schematic of the Meninges and Their Relationships to the Brain and Skull | 49 | ||
| 2.5 Hematomas | 50 | ||
| 3 Brain | 51 | ||
| 3.1 Surface Anatomy of the Forebrain: Lateral View | 52 | ||
| 3.2 Lateral View of the Forebrain: Functional Regions | 53 | ||
| 3.3 Lateral View of the Forebrain: Brodmann’s Areas | 54 | ||
| 3.4 Anatomy of the Medial (Midsagittal) Surface of the Brain in Situ | 55 | ||
| 3.5 Anatomy of the Medial (Midsagittal) Surface of the Brain, with Brain Stem Removed | 56 | ||
| 3.6 Medial Surface of the Brain | 57 | ||
| 3.7 Anatomy of the Basal Surface of the Brain, with the Brain Stem and Cerebellum Removed | 58 | ||
| 3.8 Basal Surface of the Brain: Functional Areas and Brodmann’s Areas | 59 | ||
| 3.9 Brain Imaging: Computed Tomography Scans, Coronal and Sagittal | 60 | ||
| 3.10 Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Axial and Sagittal T1-Weighted Images | 61 | ||
| 3.11 Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Axial and Sagittal T2-Weighted Images | 62 | ||
| 3.12 Positron Emission Tomography Scanning | 63 | ||
| 3.13 Horizontal Brain Sections Showing the Basal Ganglia | 64 | ||
| 3.14 Major Limbic Forebrain Structures | 65 | ||
| 3.15 Corpus Callosum | 66 | ||
| 3.16 Color Imaging of the Corpus Callosum by Diffusion Tensor Imaging | 67 | ||
| 3.17 Hippocampal Formation and Fornix | 68 | ||
| 3.18 Thalamic Anatomy | 69 | ||
| 3.19 Thalamic Nuclei | 70 | ||
| 4 Brain Stem and Cerebellum | 71 | ||
| 4.1 Brain Stem Surface Anatomy: Posterolateral View | 72 | ||
| 4.2 Brain Stem Surface Anatomy: Anterior View | 73 | ||
| 4.3 Cerebellar Anatomy: External Features | 74 | ||
| 4.4 Cerebellar Anatomy: Internal Features | 75 | ||
| 5 Spinal Cord | 77 | ||
| 5.1 Spinal Column: Bony Anatomy | 78 | ||
| 5.2 Lumbar Vertebrae: Radiography | 79 | ||
| 5.3 Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy in Situ | 80 | ||
| 5.4 The Spinal Cord: Its Meninges and Spinal Roots | 81 | ||
| 5.5 Spinal Cord: Cross-Sectional Anatomy in Situ | 82 | ||
| 5.6 Spinal Cord: White and Gray Matter | 83 | ||
| 6 Ventricles and the Cerebrospinal Fluid | 85 | ||
| 6.1 Ventricular Anatomy | 86 | ||
| 6.2 Ventricular Anatomy in Coronal Forebrain Section | 87 | ||
| 6.3 Anatomy of the Fourth Ventricle: Posterior View with Cerebellum Removed | 88 | ||
| 6.4 Anatomy of the Fourth Ventricle: Lateral View | 89 | ||
| 6.5 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Ventricles: Axial and Coronal Views | 90 | ||
| 6.6 Circulation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid | 91 | ||
| 7 Vasculature | 93 | ||
| Arterial System | 94 | ||
| 7.1 Meningeal Arteries: Relationship to Skull and Dura | 94 | ||
| 7.2 Arterial Supply to the Brain and Meninges | 95 | ||
| 7.3 Common Sites of Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease | 96 | ||
| 7.4 Internal Carotid and Ophthalmic Artery Course | 97 | ||
| 7.5 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Basal View | 98 | ||
| 7.6 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Cutaway Basal View Showing the Circle of Willis | 99 | ||
| 7.7 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Frontal View with Hemispheres Retracted | 100 | ||
| 7.8 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Coronal Forebrain Section | 101 | ||
| 7.9 Types of Strokes | 102 | ||
| 7.10 Schematic of Arteries to the Brain | 103 | ||
| 7.11 Circle of Willis: Schematic Illustration and Vessels in Situ | 104 | ||
| 7.12 Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Lateral and Medial Views | 105 | ||
| 7.13 Territories of the Cerebral Arteries | 106 | ||
| 7.14 Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Frontal and Lateral Views | 107 | ||
| 7.15 Angiographic Anatomy of the Internal Carotid Circulation | 108 | ||
| 7.16 Vertebrobasilar Arterial System | 109 | ||
| 7.17 Angiographic Anatomy of the Vertebrobasilar System | 110 | ||
| 7.18 Occlusive Sites of the Vertebrobasilar System | 111 | ||
| 7.19 Vascular Supply to the Hypothalamus and the Pituitary Gland | 112 | ||
| 7.20 Arterial Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord: Longitudinal View | 113 | ||
| 7.21 Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries and Their Distribution | 114 | ||
| 7.22 Arterial Supply to the Spinal Cord: Cross-Sectional View | 115 | ||
| Venous System | 116 | ||
| 7.23 Meninges and Superficial Cerebral Veins | 116 | ||
| 7.24 Veins: Superficial Cerebral, Meningeal, Diploic, and Emissary | 117 | ||
| 7.25 Venous Sinuses | 118 | ||
| 7.26 Deep Venous Drainage of the Brain | 119 | ||
| 7.27 Deep Venous Drainage of the Brain: Relationship to the Ventricles | 120 | ||
| 7.28 Carotid Venograms: Venous Phase | 121 | ||
| 7.29 Magnetic Resonance Venography: Coronal and Sagittal Views | 122 | ||
| 7.30 Venous Drainage of the Brain Stem and the Cerebellum | 123 | ||
| 7.31 Venous Drainage of the Spinal Cord | 124 | ||
| 8 Developmental Neuroscience | 125 | ||
| 8.1 Formation of the Neural Plate, Neural Tube, and Neural Crest | 126 | ||
| 8.2 Neurulation | 127 | ||
| 8.3 Neural Tube Development and Neural Crest Formation | 128 | ||
| 8.4 Development of Peripheral Axons | 129 | ||
| 8.5 Somatic Versus Splanchnic Nerve Development | 130 | ||
| 8.6 Limb Rotation and Dermatomes | 131 | ||
| 8.7 Neural Proliferation and Differentiation: Walls of the Neural Tube | 132 | ||
| 8.8 Neural Tube and Neural Crest Derivatives | 133 | ||
| 8.9 Early Brain Development: the 28-Day-Old Embryo | 134 | ||
| 8.10 Early Brain Development: the 36-Day-Old Embryo | 135 | ||
| 8.11 Early Brain Development: the 49-Day-Old Embryo and the 3-Month-Old Embryo | 136 | ||
| 8.12 Forebrain Development: 7 Weeks Through 3 Months | 137 | ||
| 8.13 The 6-Month and 9-Month Central Nervous Systems | 138 | ||
| 8.14 Neurogenesis and Cell Migration in the Developing Neocortex | 139 | ||
| 8.15 Comparison of -Week and Adult Central Nervous System Regions | 140 | ||
| 8.16 Alar and Basal Plate Derivatives in the Brain Stem | 141 | ||
| 8.17 Adult Derivatives of the Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain | 142 | ||
| 8.18 Cranial Nerve Primordia | 143 | ||
| 8.19 Cranial Nerve Neuron Components | 144 | ||
| 8.20 Development of Motor and Preganglionic Autonomic Nuclei in the Brain Stem and Spinal Cord | 145 | ||
| 8.21 Development of the Eye and Orbit | 146 | ||
| 8.22 Development of the Ear | 147 | ||
| 8.23 Development of the Pituitary Gland | 148 | ||
| 8.24 Development of the Ventricles | 149 | ||
| 8.25 Development of the Fourth Ventricle | 150 | ||
| 8.26 Neural Tube Defects | 151 | ||
| 8.27 Defects of the Brain and Skull | 152 | ||
| II Regional Neuroscience | 153 | ||
| 9 Peripheral Nervous System | 155 | ||
| Introduction and Basic Organization | 156 | ||
| 9.1 Schematic of the Spinal Cord with Sensory, Motor, and Autonomic Components of Peripheral Nerves | 156 | ||
| 9.2 Anatomy of a Peripheral Nerve | 157 | ||
| 9.3 Nerve Compression and Pressure Gradients | 158 | ||
| 9.4 Peripheral Nerve Injury and Degeneration in a Compression Neuropathy | 159 | ||
| 9.5 Relationship of Spinal Nerve Roots to Vertebrae | 160 | ||
| 9.6 Lumbar Disc Herniation: L4–L5 and L5–S1 | 161 | ||
| 9.7 Sensory Channels: Reflex and Cerebellar | 162 | ||
| 9.8 Sensory Channels: Lemniscal | 163 | ||
| 9.9 Motor Channels: Basic Organization of Lower and Upper Motor Neurons | 164 | ||
| 9.10 Autonomic Channels | 165 | ||
| 9.11 Cutaneous Receptors | 166 | ||
| 9.12 Pacinian Corpuscles | 167 | ||
| 9.13 Interoceptors | 168 | ||
| 9.14 Skin and Its Nerves | 169 | ||
| 9.15 The Neuromuscular Junction and Neurotransmission | 170 | ||
| 9.16 Physiology of the Neuromuscular Junction | 171 | ||
| 9.17 Major Structures and Proteins in the Normal Neuromuscular Junction | 172 | ||
| 9.18 Neuroeffector Junctions | 173 | ||
| Somatic Nervous System | 174 | ||
| 9.19 Dermatomal Distribution | 174 | ||
| 9.20 Cutaneous Distribution of Peripheral Nerves | 175 | ||
| 9.21 Cutaneous Nerves of the Head and Neck | 176 | ||
| 9.22 Cervical Plexus in Situ | 177 | ||
| 9.23 Cervical Plexus | 178 | ||
| 9.24 Phrenic Nerve | 179 | ||
| 9.25 Thoracic Nerves | 180 | ||
| 9.26 Brachial Plexus | 181 | ||
| 9.27 Dermatomes of the Upper Limb | 182 | ||
| 9.28 Cervical Disc Herniation | 183 | ||
| 9.29 Cutaneous Innervation of the Upper Limb | 184 | ||
| 9.30 The Scapular, Axillary, and Radial Nerves Above the Elbow | 185 | ||
| 9.31 Radial Nerve in the Forearm | 186 | ||
| 9.32 Musculocutaneous Nerve | 187 | ||
| 9.33 Median Nerve | 188 | ||
| 9.34 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | 189 | ||
| 9.35 Ulnar Nerve | 190 | ||
| 9.36 Lumbar Plexus | 191 | ||
| 9.37 Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses | 192 | ||
| 9.38 Femoral and Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerves | 193 | ||
| 9.39 Obturator Nerve | 194 | ||
| 9.40 Sciatic and Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerves | 195 | ||
| 9.41 Tibial Nerve | 196 | ||
| 9.42 Common Peroneal Nerve | 197 | ||
| Autonomic Nervous System | 198 | ||
| 9.43 General Schema | 198 | ||
| 9.44 Autonomic Innervation of the Immune System and Metabolic Organs | 199 | ||
| 9.45 Reflex Pathways | 200 | ||
| 9.46 Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses | 201 | ||
| 9.47 Schematic of Cholinergic and Adrenergic Distribution to Motor and Autonomic Structures | 202 | ||
| 9.48 Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck: Medial View | 203 | ||
| 9.49 Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck: Lateral View | 204 | ||
| 9.50 Schematic of Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck | 205 | ||
| 9.51 Autonomic Distribution to the Eye | 206 | ||
| 9.52 Autonomic Innervation of the Nasal Cavity | 207 | ||
| 9.53 Schematic of the Pterygopalatine and Submandibular Ganglia | 208 | ||
| 9.54 Schematic of the otic Ganglion | 209 | ||
| 9.55 Innervation of the Limbs | 210 | ||
| 9.56 Thoracic Sympathetic Chain and Splanchnic Nerves | 211 | ||
| 9.57 Innervation of the Tracheobronchial Tree | 212 | ||
| 9.58 Innervation of the Heart | 213 | ||
| 9.59 Abdominal Nerves and Ganglia | 214 | ||
| 9.60 Nerves of the Esophagus | 215 | ||
| 9.61 Innervation of the Stomach and Proximal Duodenum | 216 | ||
| 9.62 Nerves of the Stomach and Duodenum | 217 | ||
| 9.63 Innervation of the Small and Large Intestines | 218 | ||
| 9.64 Nerves of the Small Intestine | 219 | ||
| 9.65 Nerves of the Large Intestine | 220 | ||
| 9.66 Enteric Nervous System: Longitudinal View | 221 | ||
| 9.67 Enteric Nervous System: Cross-Sectional View | 222 | ||
| 9.68 Autonomic Innervation of the Liver and Biliary Tract | 223 | ||
| 9.69 Autonomic Innervation of the Pancreas | 224 | ||
| 9.70 Schematic of Innervation of the Adrenal Gland | 225 | ||
| 9.71 Innervation of the Adrenal Gland | 226 | ||
| 9.72 Autonomic Pelvic Nerves and Ganglia | 227 | ||
| 9.73 Nerves of the Kidneys, Ureters, and Urinary Bladder | 228 | ||
| 9.74 Innervation of the Kidneys and Upper Ureter | 229 | ||
| 9.75 Innervation of the Urinary Bladder and Lower Ureter | 230 | ||
| 9.76 Innervation of the Male Reproductive Organs | 231 | ||
| 9.77 Innervation of the Female Reproductive Organs | 232 | ||
| 10 Spinal Cord | 233 | ||
| 10.1 Cytoarchitecture of the Spinal Cord Gray Matter | 234 | ||
| 10.2 Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral | 235 | ||
| 10.3 Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral (continued) | 236 | ||
| 10.4 Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral (continued) | 237 | ||
| 10.5 Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral (continued) | 238 | ||
| 10.6 Spinal Cord Histological Cross Sections | 239 | ||
| 10.7 Spinal Cord Histological Cross Sections (Continued) | 240 | ||
| 10.8 Spinal Cord Imaging | 241 | ||
| 10.9 Spinal Cord Syndromes | 242 | ||
| 10.10 Spinal Cord Lower Motor Neuron Organization and Control | 243 | ||
| 10.11 Spinal Somatic Reflex Pathways | 244 | ||
| 10.12 Muscle and Joint Receptors and Muscle Spindles | 245 | ||
| 10.13 The Muscle Stretch Reflex and Its Central Control via Gamma Motor Neurons | 246 | ||
| 11 Brain Stem and Cerebellum | 247 | ||
| Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy | 248 | ||
| 11.1 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 1 | 248 | ||
| 11.2 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 2 | 249 | ||
| 11.3 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 3 | 250 | ||
| 11.4 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 4 | 251 | ||
| 11.5 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 5 | 252 | ||
| 11.6 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 6 | 253 | ||
| 11.7 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 7 | 254 | ||
| 11.8 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 8 | 255 | ||
| 11.9 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 9 | 256 | ||
| 11.10 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 10 | 257 | ||
| 11.11 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 11 | 258 | ||
| 11.12 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 12 | 259 | ||
| 11.13 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 13 | 260 | ||
| 11.14 Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 14 | 261 | ||
| 11.15 Brain Stem Arterial Syndromes | 262 | ||
| Cranial Nerves and Cranial Nerve Nuclei | 263 | ||
| 11.16 Cranial Nerves: Schematic of Distribution of Sensory, Motor, and Autonomic Fibers | 263 | ||
| 11.17 Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei: Schematic View From Above | 265 | ||
| 11.18 Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei: Schematic Lateral View | 266 | ||
| 11.19 Nerves of the Orbit | 267 | ||
| 11.20 Nerves of the Orbit (Continued) | 268 | ||
| 11.21 Extraocular Nerves (III, IV, and VI) and the Ciliary Ganglion: View in Relation to the Eye | 269 | ||
| 11.22 Trigeminal Nerve (V) | 271 | ||
| 11.23 Innervation of the Teeth | 272 | ||
| 11.24 Facial Nerve (VII) | 273 | ||
| 11.25 Facial Nerve Branches and the Parotid Gland | 274 | ||
| 11.26 Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII) | 275 | ||
| 11.27 Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) | 276 | ||
| 11.28 Accessory Nerve (XI) | 277 | ||
| 11.29 Vagus Nerve (X) | 279 | ||
| 11.30 Hypoglossal Nerve (XII) | 280 | ||
| Reticular Formation | 281 | ||
| 11.31 Reticular Formation: General Pattern of Nuclei in the Brain Stem | 281 | ||
| 11.32 Reticular Formation: Nuclei and Areas in the Brain Stem and Diencephalon | 282 | ||
| 11.33 Major Afferent and Efferent Connections to the Reticular Formation | 283 | ||
| 11.34 Sleep-Wakefulness Control | 284 | ||
| Cerebellum | 285 | ||
| 11.35 Cerebellar Organization: Lobes and Regions | 285 | ||
| 11.36 Cerebellar Anatomy: Lobules | 286 | ||
| 11.37 Cerebellar Anatomy: Deep Nuclei and Cerebellar Peduncles | 287 | ||
| 12 Diencephalon | 289 | ||
| 12.1 Thalamic Anatomy and Interconnections with the Cerebral Cortex | 290 | ||
| 12.2 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland | 291 | ||
| 12.3 Hypothalamic Nuclei | 293 | ||
| 13 Telencephalon | 295 | ||
| 13.1A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1—Mid Pons | 296 | ||
| 13.1B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1—Mid Pons | 297 | ||
| 13.2A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2—Rostral Pons | 298 | ||
| 13.2B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2—Rostral Pons (Continued) | 299 | ||
| 13.3A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3—Midbrain | 300 | ||
| 13.3B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3—Midbrain (Continued) | 301 | ||
| 13.4A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4—Rostral Midbrain and Hypothalamus | 302 | ||
| 13.4B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4—Rostral Midbrain and Hypothalamus (Continued) | 303 | ||
| 13.5A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5—Anterior Commissure and Caudal Thalamus | 304 | ||
| 13.5B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5—Anterior Commissure and Caudal Thalamus (Continued) | 305 | ||
| 13.6A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6—Head of Caudate and Midthalamus | 306 | ||
| 13.6B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6—Head of Caudate and Midthalamus (Continued) | 307 | ||
| 13.7A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7—Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule | 308 | ||
| 13.7B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7—Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule (Continued) | 309 | ||
| 13.8A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8—Dorsal Caudate, Splenium, and Genu of Corpus Callosum | 310 | ||
| 13.8B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8—Dorsal Caudate, Splenium, and Genu of Corpus Callosum (Continued) | 311 | ||
| 13.9A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9—Body of Corpus Callosum | 312 | ||
| 13.9B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9—Body of Corpus Callosum (Continued) | 313 | ||
| 13.10A Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10—Centrum Semiovale | 314 | ||
| 13.10B Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10—Centrum Semiovale (Continued) | 315 | ||
| 13.11A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1—Genu of Corpus Callosum | 316 | ||
| 13.11B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1—Genu of Corpus Callosum (Continued) | 317 | ||
| 13.12A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2—Head of Caudate Nucleus/Nucleus Accumbens | 318 | ||
| 13.12B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2—Head of Caudate Nucleus/Nucleus Accumbens (Continued) | 319 | ||
| 13.13A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3—Anterior Commissure/Columns of Fornix | 320 | ||
| 13.13B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3—Anterior Commissure/Columns of Fornix (Continued) | 321 | ||
| 13.14A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4—Amygdala, Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule | 322 | ||
| 13.14B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4—Amygdala, Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule (Continued) | 323 | ||
| 13.15A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5—Mammillary Body | 324 | ||
| 13.15B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5—Mammillary Body (Continued) | 325 | ||
| 13.16A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6—Mammillothalamic Tract/Substantia Nigra, Rostral Hippocampus | 326 | ||
| 13.16B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6—Mammillothalamic Tract/Substantia Nigra, Rostral Hippocampus (Continued) | 327 | ||
| 13.17A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7—Midthalamus | 328 | ||
| 13.17B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7—Midthalamus (Continued) | 329 | ||
| 13.18A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8—Geniculate Nuclei | 330 | ||
| 13.18B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8—Geniculate Nuclei (Continued) | 331 | ||
| 13.19A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9—Caudal Pulvinar and Superior Colliculus | 332 | ||
| 13.19B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9—Caudal Pulvinar and Superior Colliculus (Continued) | 333 | ||
| 13.20A Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10—Splenium of Corpus Callosum | 334 | ||
| 13.20B Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10—Splenium of Corpus Callosum (Continued) | 335 | ||
| 13.21 Layers of the Cerebral Cortex | 336 | ||
| 13.22 Cortical Neuronal Cell Types | 337 | ||
| 13.23 Vertical Columns: Functional Units of the Cerebral Cortex | 338 | ||
| 13.24 Efferent Connections of the Cerebral Cortex | 339 | ||
| 13.25 Neuronal Origins of Efferent Connections of the Cerebral Cortex | 340 | ||
| 13.26 Cortical Association Pathways | 341 | ||
| 13.27 Major Cortical Association Bundles | 342 | ||
| 13.28 Color Imaging of Association Pathways | 343 | ||
| 13.29 Color Imaging of Projection Pathways from the Cerebral Cortex | 344 | ||
| 13.30 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 345 | ||
| 13.31 Aphasias and Cortical Areas of Damage | 346 | ||
| 13.32 Noradrenergic Pathways | 347 | ||
| 13.33 Serotonergic Pathways | 348 | ||
| 13.34 Dopaminergic Pathways | 349 | ||
| 13.35 Central Cholinergic Pathways | 350 | ||
| 13.36 Distribution of Pathology in the Brain in Alzheimer Disease | 351 | ||
| 13.37 The Olfactory Nerve and Nerves of the Nose | 352 | ||
| III Systemic Neuroscience | 353 | ||
| 14 Sensory Systems | 355 | ||
| Somatosensory Systems | 356 | ||
| 14.1 Somatosensory Afferents to the Spinal Cord | 356 | ||
| 14.2 Spinal Somatic Reflex Actions and Pathways | 357 | ||
| 14.3 Somatosensory System: Spinocerebellar Pathways | 358 | ||
| 14.4 Somatosensory System: The Dorsal Column System and Epicritic Modalities | 359 | ||
| 14.5 Somatosensory System: The Spinothalamic and Spinoreticular Systems and Protopathic Modalities (CONTINUED) | 361 | ||
| 14.6 Spinothalamic and Spinoreticular Nociceptive Processing in the Spinal Cord | 362 | ||
| 14.7 Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain and Sympathetically Maintained Pain | 363 | ||
| 14.8 Descending Control of Ascending Somatosensory Systems | 364 | ||
| Trigeminal Sensory System | 365 | ||
| 14.9 Trigeminal Sensory and Associated Sensory Systems | 365 | ||
| 14.10 Pain-Sensitive Structures of the Head and Pain Referral | 366 | ||
| Sensory System for Taste | 367 | ||
| 14.11 Anatomy of Taste Buds and Their Receptors | 367 | ||
| 14.12 Taste Pathways | 368 | ||
| Auditory System | 369 | ||
| 14.13 Peripheral Pathways for Sound Reception | 369 | ||
| 14.14 Bony and Membranous Labyrinths | 370 | ||
| 14.15 VIII Nerve Innervation of Hair Cells of the Organ of Corti | 371 | ||
| 14.16 Cochlear Receptors | 372 | ||
| 14.17 Afferent Auditory Pathways | 373 | ||
| 14.18 Afferent Auditory Pathways (CONTINUED) | 374 | ||
| 14.19 Centrifugal (Efferent) Auditory Pathways | 375 | ||
| Vestibular System | 376 | ||
| 14.20 Vestibular Receptors | 376 | ||
| 14.21 Vestibular Pathways | 377 | ||
| 14.22 Nystagmus | 378 | ||
| Visual System | 379 | ||
| 14.23 Anatomy of the Eye | 379 | ||
| 14.24 Anterior and Posterior Chambers of the Eye | 380 | ||
| 14.25 The Retina: Retinal Layers | 381 | ||
| 14.26 The Retina: Photoreceptors | 382 | ||
| 14.27 The Retina: Optic Nerve | 383 | ||
| 14.28 Arteries and Veins of the Eye | 384 | ||
| 14.29 Anatomy and Relationships of the Optic Chiasm | 385 | ||
| 14.30 Visual Pathways: Retinal Projections to the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Brain Stem | 386 | ||
| 14.31 Pupillary Light Reflex | 387 | ||
| 14.32 Visual Pathway: The Retino-Geniculo-Calcarine Pathway | 388 | ||
| 14.33 Visual Pathways in the Parietal and Temporal Lobes | 389 | ||
| 14.34 Visual System Lesions | 390 | ||
| 15 Motor Systems | 391 | ||
| Lower Motor Neurons | 392 | ||
| 15.1 Alpha and Gamma Lower Motor Neurons | 392 | ||
| 15.2 Distribution of Lower Motor Neurons in the Spinal Cord | 393 | ||
| 15.3 Distribution of Lower Motor Neurons in the Brain Stem | 394 | ||
| Upper Motor Neurons | 395 | ||
| 15.4 Cortical Efferent Pathways | 395 | ||
| 15.5 Color Imaging of Cortical Efferent Pathways | 396 | ||
| 15.6 Corticobulbar Tract | 397 | ||
| 15.7 Corticospinal Tract | 399 | ||
| 15.8 Corticospinal Tract Terminations in the Spinal Cord | 400 | ||
| 15.9 Rubrospinal Tract | 401 | ||
| 15.10 Vestibulospinal Tracts | 403 | ||
| 15.11 Reticulospinal and Corticoreticular Pathways | 404 | ||
| 15.12 Tectospinal Tract and Interstitiospinal Tract | 405 | ||
| 15.13 Spinal Cord Terminations of Major Descending Upper Motor Neuron Tracts | 406 | ||
| 15.14 Central Control of Eye Movements | 407 | ||
| 15.15 Central Control of Respiration | 408 | ||
| Cerebellum | 409 | ||
| 15.16 Functional Subdivisions of the Cerebellum | 409 | ||
| 15.17 Cerebellar Neuronal Circuitry | 410 | ||
| 15.18 Circuit Diagrams of Afferent Connections in the Cerebellum | 411 | ||
| 15.19 Afferent Pathways to the Cerebellum | 412 | ||
| 15.20 Cerebellar Efferent Pathways | 413 | ||
| 15.21 Cerebellovestibular and Vestibulocerebellar Pathways | 414 | ||
| 15.22 Schematic Diagrams of Efferent Pathways From the Cerebellum to Upper Motor Neuron Systems | 415 | ||
| Basal Ganglia | 416 | ||
| 15.23 Connections of the Basal Ganglia | 416 | ||
| 15.24 Simplified Schematic of Basal Ganglia Circuitry and Neurochemistry | 417 | ||
| 15.25 Parallel Loops of Circuitry Through the Basal Ganglia | 418 | ||
| 15.26 Connections of Nucleus Accumbens | 419 | ||
| 16 Autonomic-Hypothalamic-Limbic Systems | 421 | ||
| Autonomic Nervous System | 423 | ||
| 16.1 General Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System | 423 | ||
| Hypothalamus and Pituitary | 424 | ||
| 16.2 General Anatomy of the Hypothalamus | 424 | ||
| 16.3 Sections Through the Hypothalamus: Preoptic and Supraoptic Zones | 425 | ||
| 16.4 Sections Through the Hypothalamus: Tuberal Zone | 426 | ||
| 16.5 Sections Through the Hypothalamus: Mammillary Zone | 427 | ||
| 16.6 Schematic Reconstruction of the Hypothalamus | 428 | ||
| 16.7 Forebrain Regions Associated with the Hypothalamus | 429 | ||
| 16.8 Afferent and Efferent Pathways Associated with the Hypothalamus | 430 | ||
| 16.9 Schematic Diagram of Major Hypothalamic Afferent Pathways | 431 | ||
| 16.10 Schematic Diagram of Major Hypothalamic Efferent Pathways | 432 | ||
| 16.11 Summary of General Hypothalamic Connections | 433 | ||
| 16.12 Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Regulation of Pituitary Neurohormonal Outflow, Autonomic Preganglionic Outflow, and Limbic Activity | 434 | ||
| 16.13 Mechanisms of Cytokine Influences on the Hypothalamus and Other Brain Regions and on Behavior | 435 | ||
| 16.14 Circumventricular Organs | 436 | ||
| 16.15 The Hypophyseal Portal Vasculature | 437 | ||
| 16.16 Regulation of Anterior Pituitary Hormone Secretion | 439 | ||
| 16.17 Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophyseal) Hormones: Oxytocin and Vasopressin | 440 | ||
| 16.18 Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone) Regulation of Water Balance and Fluid Osmolality | 441 | ||
| 16.19 The Hypothalamus and Thermoregulation | 442 | ||
| 16.20 Hypothalamic Regulation of Cardiac Function | 443 | ||
| 16.21 Short-Term Regulation of Blood Pressure | 444 | ||
| 16.22 Long-Term Regulation of Blood Pressure | 445 | ||
| 16.23 Neural Control of Appetite and Hunger | 446 | ||
| 16.24 Signaling Systems Involved in Regulation of Food Intake, Body Weight, and Metabolism | 447 | ||
| 16.25 Neural and Neuroendocrine Roles in the Fight-or-Flight Response | 448 | ||
| 16.26 Neuroimmunomodulation | 449 | ||
| Limbic System | 450 | ||
| 16.27 Anatomy of the Limbic Forebrain | 450 | ||
| 16.28 Hippocampal Formation: General Anatomy | 451 | ||
| 16.29 Neuronal Connections in the Hippocampal Formation | 452 | ||
| 16.30 Major Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Hippocampal Formation | 453 | ||
| 16.31 Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Entorhinal Cortex | 454 | ||
| 16.32 Major Afferent Connections of the Amygdala | 455 | ||
| 16.33 Major Efferent Connections of the Amygdala | 456 | ||
| 16.34 Summary of Major Afferents, Efferents, and Interconnections of the Amygdala | 457 | ||
| 16.35 Major Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Septal Nuclei | 458 | ||
| 16.36 Major Connections of the Cingulate Cortex | 459 | ||
| Olfactory System | 460 | ||
| 16.37 Olfactory Receptors | 460 | ||
| 16.38 Olfactory Pathways | 461 | ||
| Index | 463 | ||
| A | 463 | ||
| B | 464 | ||
| C | 465 | ||
| D | 467 | ||
| E | 467 | ||
| F | 467 | ||
| G | 468 | ||
| H | 468 | ||
| I | 469 | ||
| J | 469 | ||
| K | 469 | ||
| L | 469 | ||
| M | 470 | ||
| N | 471 | ||
| O | 472 | ||
| P | 472 | ||
| Q | 473 | ||
| R | 473 | ||
| S | 474 | ||
| T | 476 | ||
| U | 476 | ||
| V | 476 | ||
| W | 477 |