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Simulation in Surgical Training and Practice, An Issue of Surgical Clinics, E-Book

Simulation in Surgical Training and Practice, An Issue of Surgical Clinics, E-Book

Kimberly M. Brown

(2015)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Simulation in Surgical Training and Practice is reviewed extensively in this important Surgical Clinics of North America issue. Articles include: Applying Educational Theory to Simulation Based Training and Assessment in Surgery; Figuring out Team Simulation Training; Faculty Development for Simulation Training; The Evolving Role of Simulation in Teaching Surgery in Undergraduate Medical Education; Using Simulation in Inter-Professional Education; Current Status of Simulation Based Training in Graduate Medical Education; National Simulation-based Training of Fellows: The Vascular Surgery Example; Paying For it:  Funding Models for Simulation Centers; Surgical Simulation Centers as Educational Homes for Practicing Surgeons; Better Assessment: Advanced Engineering Technology for Measuring Performance In and Out of the Simulation Lab; Moving the Needle – Simulation’s Impact on Patient Outcomes; Human Factors Engineering and Effective Simulation – Partners for Improved Patient Safety; Simulation for the Assessment and Improvement of Teamwork and Communication in the Operating Room; Using Simulation to Improve Systems; Simulation for Maintenance of Certification; and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Simulation in Surgical\rTraining and Practice i
Copyright ii
Contributors iii
Contents vii
Surgical Clinics of North America xii
Foreword xiii
Preface xvii
Applying Educational Theory to Simulation-Based Training and Assessment in Surgery 695
Key points 695
Introduction 695
Simulators and simulation 696
Educational theories and models of learning 697
Taxonomies of learning and thinking 697
Bloom’s Taxonomy 697
Miller’s Pyramid 698
Theories and models of learning 698
Adult Learning Theory 699
Experiential Learning Theory 699
Constructivist, Zone of Proximal Development, and Self-Efficacy Theories 700
Mastery Teaching and Learning, Reflection, and Deliberate Practice 701
ADDIE: a systematic approach to curriculum and instructional design 705
Assessment principles 706
Common Terms Important in Assessment and Evaluation 707
Formative Versus Summative 707
Validity and reliability 707
Establishing Validity 708
Establishing Reliability 710
Assessors and Assessments 711
Summary 712
References 712
Concepts for Developing Expert Surgical Teams Using Simulation 717
Key points 717
What is team training? 718
Team-based theories and principles and/or characteristics of expert teams 718
How Expert Teams Think 719
Team mental models 719
Transactive memory 719
How Expert Teams Feel 720
Mutual trust 720
Collective efficacy 721
How Expert Teams Act 721
Team leadership 721
Coordination 722
Communication 723
How to measure team effectiveness 723
Existing work in these areas 725
Summary 725
References 725
Simulation and Faculty Development 729
Key points 729
Introduction 729
Faculty as learners 730
Faculty as teachers 731
Faculty as leaders 732
Faculty as innovators 733
Summary 733
References 734
The Evolving Role of Simulation in Teaching Surgery in Undergraduate Medical Education 739
Key points 739
Introduction 739
Brief history of simulation 740
Drivers on surgical undergraduate medical education 741
Types of simulators 742
Standardized Patients 742
Abstract Partial Task Trainers 742
Animal Models 744
Virtual Anatomic Trainers 744
Developing simulation-based training curricula 745
Association of American Medical Colleges core entrustable professional activities for entering residency 745
American College of Surgeons/Association for Surgical Education medical student simulation-based surgical skills curriculum 746
American College of Surgeons/Association of Program Directors in Surgery/Association for Surgical Education resident prepar ... 746
Summary 747
References 747
Using Simulation in Interprofessional Education 751
Key points 751
Introduction 751
Interprofessional education: definitions and trends 752
Teamwork in the operating room? Why interprofessional education is needed in surgical practice 754
Interprofessional education interventions in the literature: effectiveness and representative simulation-based examples 757
Challenges and solutions to implementing simulation-based interprofessional education 758
Summary 761
References 762
Current Status of Simulation-Based Training in Graduate Medical Education 767
Key points 767
Introduction 767
Mandates 768
Preparing medical students for residency 769
National surgery resident skills curriculum 769
Technical skills 770
Knot Tying and Suturing 770
Laparoscopic Skills 771
Endoscopic Skills 772
Robotic Surgery Skills 772
Central Venous Catheterization 772
Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma 772
Advanced Trauma Operative Management 773
Refreshing Technical Skills 773
Nontechnical skills 773
Teaching and Assessing Nontechnical Skills 774
Expansion of national and local consortia 774
Summary 776
References 776
National Simulation-Based Training of Fellows 781
Key points 781
Endovascular simulation 782
Simulation-based training for open vascular procedures and tasks 782
Simulation-based training courses to teach vascular surgical skills 783
Development of Fundamentals of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery National Training Symposium 783
Summary 789
References 789
Financing a Simulation Center 791
Key points 791
Introduction 791
Obtaining funding 792
Budgeting 794
Equipment and Supplies 795
Salaries and Wages 796
Facilities 797
Representative and innovative funding and revenue examples 797
Funding Examples 797
Core laboratory model 797
Pay-to-play model 799
Innovative Revenue Examples 799
Partnering with malpractice insurance companies 799
Training at outside hospitals 799
Maintenance of certification programs 799
Summary 800
References 800
Surgical Simulation Centers as Educational Homes for Practicing Surgeons 801
Key points 801
Introduction 801
Current state of training for practicing surgeons 803
Maintenance of Certification 803
Postgraduate Courses 803
Industry-Sponsored Training 804
Need for an educational home for surgeons 805
Structure of an “Educational Home” 805
Telementoring 806
Distribution of Educational Homes 808
Developments in creating surgical educational homes in the United States 808
The American College of Surgeons Accredited Education Institutes 808
The Lapco Model: An Example of a National Training Program for the Practicing Surgeon 808
A proposal to create a national training infrastructure for practicing health care professionals 810
The United States Establishes an Authority on the Management of Health Care Issues Important to the Nation 810
United States Authority Establishes Guidelines for Managing Diseases of Importance to United States Public Health 811
Curriculum Developed to Educate United States Health Care Work Force to Implement Guidelines 811
Curricula Distributed to Approved Training Centers 811
Approved Training Centers Distribute Curricula into State or Local Training Environments 811
Measurement of Performance 811
Government Contributions 811
Finances 812
Summary 812
References 812
Advanced Engineering Technology for Measuring Performance 813
Key points 813
Introduction 813
Motion 814
Optical Tracking 815
Passive infrared 816
Active infrared 816
Limitations 817
Markerless tracking 817
Accelerometry-Based Tracking 818
Magnetic Tracking 818
Visual attention 818
Physiologic stress 819
Electrodermal Activity 820
Thermal Imaging 820
Palpation 820
Video-based observation and analysis 822
Technology-based assessments 822
References 824
Moving the Needle 827
Key points 827
Introduction 827
Methods 828
Results 828
Available Evidence of Effectiveness 828
Summary 832
Future directions 832
References 833
Conducting Elite Performance Training 839
Key points 839
Introduction 839
Conducting elite performance training in medicine model overview 840
Conducting elite performance training in medicine—constants 841
Warm-up 841
Examples 841
Music 841
Sports 841
Surgery 844
Coaching Team 844
Examples 844
Music 844
Sports 844
Surgery 845
Bilateral Active Engagement 845
Examples 846
Music 846
Sports 846
Surgery 846
Momentum Arc 846
Examples 847
Music 847
Sports 847
Surgery 847
Conducting elite performance training in medicine—planned variables 847
Clear performance excellence parameters 848
Examples 848
Music 848
Sports 849
Surgery 849
Immediate feedback corrective coaching with immediate practice opportunity with or without refinement 849
Examples 850
Music 850
Sports 850
Surgery 850
Intraprocedural Guidance 851
Emotional Intelligence and Simulation 855
Key points 855
Emotional intelligence: background 855
Definition and Conceptual Models 855
Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace 856
Emotional intelligence in surgery 856
Rationale for Increased Interest in Physician Emotional Intelligence 856
Emotional Intelligence in Surgery: Studies to Date 857
Emotional Intelligence in Surgery: Unanswered Questions 859
Emotional intelligence and simulation 860
Benefits of Incorporating Simulation into Emotional Intelligence Development 860
Current Uses of Simulation in Medicine Relevant to Emotional Intelligence 860
Simulation and Emotional Intelligence in Business 861
Designing Effective Simulation for Emotional Intelligence Development 862
Future research 863
Summary 864
References 864
Advances in Teaching and Assessing Nontechnical Skills 869
Key points 869
Introduction 870
Nontechnical skills in the operating room and perioperative care: what are they and how can they be evaluated? 870
The paradox of nontechnical skills: clinicians know what they are but assessing the quality of nontechnical performance is ... 872
Faculty development: a cornerstone for meaningful nontechnical skills training and evaluation 874
Observational teamwork assessment for surgery faculty development workshop 874
Other faculty development programs: nontechnical skill for surgeons masterclass 875
Instructional strategies for training in nontechnical and teamwork skills: information, demonstration, and practice-based e ... 875
Information-based skills training 876
Critical Evaluation 876
Demonstration-based skills training 877
Critical Evaluation 877
Practice-based skills training 877
Critical Evaluation 878
Instructional strategies: is there a best approach? 878
Current practices in nontechnical and teamwork skills training: overview and case studies 879
Case study 1: The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh training modules 880
Case study 2: justifying the cost of nontechnical skills and teamwork training: the Veterans’ Health Administration’s Medic ... 880
The benefits of the training 881
Looking to the future: addressing the challenges and barriers in widespread, systematic nontechnical skills training 881
Barriers and Challenges 882
Facilitators and Opportunities 882
Summary 882
References 883
Using Simulation to Improve Systems 885
Key points 885
Introduction 885
Quality improvement through simulation 886
The use of simulation in health care systems 888
Closing thoughts 890
References 891
Simulation for Maintenance of Certification 893
Key points 893
Introduction 893
Simulation and health care education 895
What is simulation? 898
Simulation and maintenance of certification 899
Surgery 900
Anesthesiology 901
Internal medicine 902
Family medicine 902
Where is simulation going for Maintenance of Certification in Anesthesiology? 903
References 903
Index 907