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Specialist Support Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder Students in Mainstream Settings

Specialist Support Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder Students in Mainstream Settings

Sally Hewitt

(2004)

Abstract

This comprehensive guide is bursting with achievable teaching strategies for those involved with ASD students in the school environment. Due to understaffed classes or poor staff training, many students with ASDs are taught in mainstream lessons where they do not receive the help they require and are entitled to. Hewitt shows that providing specialist support in schools enables students with ASDs and associated behavioural difficulties to become more included in pre-school, primary and secondary mainstream classes.

Hewitt promotes tried and tested initiatives to evaluate staff expectations, convey meaning in the classroom through alternative methods of communication,
re-think the physical environment of pupils and celebrate achievement with rewards. With an abundance of cost- and time-effective management guidelines for teachers and support staff of affected pupils, this book facilitates a more inclusive school setting and stresses the importance of a consistent working approach both at school and home. School/home liaison prepares students for a gradual reduction of staff intervention by encouraging greater student independence. Teachers and parents alike will find this an invaluable resource for integrating ASD students among their peers while providing them with the necessary support.


This practical guide identifies the meaning of different behaviours exhibited by students with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and suggests strategies for helping them achieve independence in mainstream schools. The author examines difficulties pupils with ASD have in particular subjects, and discusses the importance of familiarization, physical positioning, visual timetables, work materials, and friendship skills.
Book News
Throughout, the reader is able to gain greater insight into the needs of pupils with ASD and to consider ideas for meeting them as the author weaves together details of the challenges they face with descriptions of supportive and achievable strategies. The style is straightforward and easily accessible.
British Journal of Special Education
This book is an excellent read. It is aimed at teachers and learning support assistants working with pre-school children up to secondary school pupils. It offers sensible advice and strategies to try, maintaining a realistic approach. The format of the book is 'reader friendly' and well structured, which makes it easy to 'dip into'. I particularly liked the suggestions to try and the possible problems. I really enjoyed reading this book and it is one that I will refer to regularly. The author is very aware of how adapting an instruction or expressing language in a different way can result in positive responses and successful learning for the pupil.
The Maap
Sally Hewitt is a specialist support assistant of pupils with ASDs, as well as a full-time writer. Her book Including Pupils with Autism at Break and Lunchtimes was published in 2003.
This practical guide identifies the meaning of different behaviors exhibited by students with autistic spectrum disorder (Asd), and suggests strategies for helping them achieve independence in mainstream schools. The author examines difficulties pupils with ASD have in particular subjects, and discusses the importance of familiarization, physical positioning, visual timetables, work materials, and friendship skills.
Reference & Research Book News
Anyone working in mainstream settings with children and young people who have autistic spectrum disorders will find this guide accessible and comprehensive. It offers practical advice on the everyday difficulties that many children face, and gives further advice for older students in secondary settings (an area which in the past has been neglected). It also offers reassurance to parents who are only to well aware of how vunerable their children are if reasonable adjustments are not made in mainstream schools. This book emphasises the importance of good home/school liaison to ensure that young people who have to deal constantly with high levels of anxiety can move towards independence.
TES Extra

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Preface viii
List of abbreviations x
list of tables xii
List of figures xiii
Notes on the contributors xiv
INTRODUCTION A.S. BHALLA and AMULYA K.N. REDDY 1
Technological transformation 2
The Indian rural economy 5
Some salient features of case studies 10
Scope of the volume 16
PART ONE: CONCEPTS, ISSUES AND POLICIES
1. The commercialization of improved technologies in
rural areas
K.N. KRISHNASWAMY and AMULYA K.N. REDDY 23
Interactions between technology and society in mixed
market/non-market economies 24
Classification of rural technologies from the viewpoint
of commercialization 28
A model of commercialization of rural technology 30
Barriers to commercialization 35
Concluding remarks 42
2. Effective design and diffusion of rural technologies
ASHOK KHOSLA 44
Traditional technology 45
Frontier technology 46
Appropriate technology 48
Sources of innovation 50
Adapting technologies 51
Organizational initiatives for innovation 57
Conclusion 62
Appendix: The technology package 62
3. Policies for rural industries and rural technologies
DEVENDRA B. GUPTA 64
Rural industrialization 64
An assessment of government programmes and policies 70
Programmes 71
Policies 76
Rural industry and technology policy 83
Conclusion 85
4. Institutional aspects of the diffusion of renewable
energy technologies
R. BHATIA 87
The diffusion of renewable energy technologies: an analytical
framework 88
Renewable energy programmes in India 91
Organizations involved in energy questions 96
The role of institutions in technology diffusion 100
Institutional innovations for improved implementation 106
Conclusion 110
PART TWO: CASE STUDIES
5. Experiences of the Khadi and Village Industries
Commission in technology transfer
YASHWANT A. PANDITRAO 113
Origin of the KVIC and fields of activity 114
The role of KVIC in research and development and technology
transfer 116
Lessons from the KVIC experience 130
6. The role of non-governmental organizations in the
diffusion of rural technologies
DEVENDRA KUMAR 133
Sources of technology for NGOs 133
How NGOs select rural technologies for diffusion 135
Experience of NGOs engaged in rural technology dissemination 136
The role of training 141
Conclusion 142
7. The diffusion of biogas systems
R. BHATIA, R. LICHTMAN, A. PEREIRA and W. TENTSCHER 145
Technical and economic status of biogas systems 145
India's National Project on Biogas Development (NPBD) 148
Rethinking the NPBD's diffusion policy 159
Conclusions 161
8. The Pura community biogas plant (Karnataka)
K.N. KRISHNASWAMY and AMULYA K.N. REDDY 164
The experience at Pura 165
Individual versus collective initiatives 169
Conclusion 172
9. The ASTRA stove (Karnataka)
K.N. KRISHNASWAMY and AMULYA K.N. REDDY 174
The origin of the ASTRA stove 174
The ASTRA stove technology 175
The idea generation phase 178
The research, development and design phase 181
The dissemination phase 181
An evaluation of the large-scale diffusion programme 186
Implications of the ASTRA stove experiment for technology
generation and dissemination 188
10. Mini grain mills
K.N. KRISHNASWAMY and AMULYA K.N. REDDY 190
The limitations of Western technology 190
Alternative technology 192
Design criteria and cost considerations 193
The dissemination of mini grain mills 196
Conclusion 200
11. The small-scale farm machinery industry in Uttar
Pradesh
S.C. MISHRA 201
The industrial economy of Uttar Pradesh 201
The farm machinery survey 203
Technological change in the Uttar Pradesh farm machinery
industry 214
Marketing agricultural machinery 217
Conclusions and policy implications 219
Notes and references 222
Selective bibliography 231
Index 235