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Aboard the Democracy Train

Aboard the Democracy Train

Nafisa Hoodbhoy

(2011)

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Book Details

Abstract

‘Aboard the Democracy Train’ is about politics and journalism in Pakistan. It is a gripping front-line account of the country’s decade of turbulent democracy (1988-1999), as told through the eyes of the only woman reporter working during the Zia era at ‘Dawn’, Pakistan’s leading English language newspaper. In this volume, the author reveals her unique experiences and coverage of ethnic violence, women’s rights and media freedoms. The narrative provides an insight into the politics of the Pak-Afghan region in the post 9-11 era, and exposes how the absence of rule of law claimed the life of its only woman prime minister.


'Nafisa Hoodbhoy’s detailed reporting helped me look at the complex world of Pakistani politics differently. Hoodbhoy’s proximity to key players and her unique perspective as one of the few women journalists to cover Pakistan’s gripping narrative makes the ‘Democracy Train’ a great companion to the news of the day.' —Karen Frillmann, Managing Editor - Newsroom, New York Public Radio


‘Aboard the Democracy Train’ is about politics and journalism in Pakistan. It is a gripping front-line account of the country’s decade of turbulent democracy (1988-1999), as told through the eyes of the only woman reporter working during the Zia era at ‘Dawn’, Pakistan’s leading English language newspaper. In this volume, the author reveals her unique experiences and coverage of ethnic violence, women’s rights and media freedoms. The narrative provides an insight into the politics of the Pak-Afghan region in the post 9-11 era, and exposes how the absence of rule of law claimed the life of its only woman prime minister.

The book is set during Pakistan's decade of turbulent democracy, which began when President Gen. Zia ul Haq's military rule abruptly ended with his plane crash. Then, as the only woman reporter at the nation's leading newspaper 'Dawn', the author was closely associated with late Benazir Bhutto's bid to become and remain the nation's first woman Prime Minister.

The book comes full circle from the Cold War era, when the events of September 11 forced Pakistan's military leaders to re-enter the U.S. orbit of influence. It is an account of why Benazir Bhutto fell victim to terrorism while her widower Asif Zardari is described as having taken on of the world's most daunting tasks of negotiating between a superpower and the military, amid a ferocious resurgence by the Taliban.


'A story of a courageous journalist who defied conventional norms during times when very few other women were in this profession, and the country’s political environment was heavily influenced by conservative values, bloody ethnic conflict and religious bigotry. [Hoodbhoy] witnessed the making of history first-hand.' —Hassan Abbas, Quaid-i-Azam Chair Professor, South Asia Institute, Columbia University and author of ‘Pakistan’s Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America’s War on Terror’


Nafisa Hoodbhoy was staff reporter for ‘Dawn’, Pakistan’s leading English language newspaper, from 1984-2000. Based in the USA since 2000, Hoodbhoy researches, writes and teaches about the Pak-Afghan region.


'A powerful and courageous voice that represents the best of Pakistan’s emerging journalism… The first insider view of developments in Pakistan on the road to democracy.' —Shuja Nawaz, Director, South Asia Center, The Atlantic Council of the United States, and author of ‘Crossed Swords: Pakistan, its Army, and the Wars Within’


‘…A remarkably readable and anecdotal account of events in Pakistan. […]Hoodbhoy provides an excellent perspective to a foreign reader of life in Pakistan when, in spite of many dichotomies and contradictions, people co-existed in relative harmony. […] The forte of ‘Aboard the Democracy Train’ is its rich repertoire of anecdotes and quotable quotes. […] Told in Hoodbhoy’s racy style, politics assumes an exciting dimension.’ —‘Dawn’


'It was her fierce independence and commitment to her country that inspired [Hoodbhoy’s] decision to become a newspaper reporter – the only female reporter at the Pakistani daily, ‘Dawn’. Living in the United States after the terrorist attacks of 9/11, she realized that she was in a unique position to shed light on growing Islamic militancy and sectarian violence. She does so here with the irrepressible spirit that inspired her early journalism.' —Frances Stead Sellers, Deputy National Editor, Health, Science and the Environment, ‘The Washington Post’


‘Hoodbhoy’s lively, and at times daring, eye-witness account provides many insights into Pakistan during her sixteen years at Dawn [and] reveals complex political machinations as well as the many shortcomings of the Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif governments, including flagrant corruption… Her harrowing and riveting tale [draws its value from] the events that she reported and witnessed and which provide the key to the discordant forces battling for control in Pakistan today.’ — Muneeza Shamsie, ‘Journal of Postcolonial Writing’

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Matter i
Half Title i
Title Page iii
Copyright Page iv
CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES ix
PREFACE xi
Main Matter 1
INTRODUCTION: The Effects of Partition xv
British Influences xv
Roots in Pakistan xviii
Western Education vs. Culture xx
Karachi Loses its Religious Diversity xxi
India’s Migrants Flood Karachi xxiii
Political Challenges of the 1970s xxv
Knowing the “Real Pakistan” xxvii
The End of Populist Rule xxviii
The Only Woman Reporter at Dawn Newspaper xxx
Part I: Politics and Journalism in Pakistan 1
Chapter 1: ABOARD THE DEMOCRACYTRAIN 3
Getting to Know Benazir Bhutto 3
The Democracy Train Takes Off 9
Rural Sindh is a World Apart 14
The Masses Vote for the PPP 16
The Face of Sindhi Feudals 17
Democracy or Anarchy? 20
“Eat from Jatoi, Vote for Benazir” 23
Elections Were the Tip of the Iceberg 27
Unleashing the Dacoits 28
Benazir Fights Back 31
The Road to Islamabad 33
Chapter 2: ETHNIC VIOLENCE IN SINDH: THE MQM SAGA 37
Two Days that Sinned 37
The First Spark 41
Pashtuns Take Revenge 45
Pashtuns and Punjabis Ally 47
An Early Karachi Discord 49
September 30 Accused Go on Trial 51
Operation Clean-up Splits the MQM 54
Benazir Issues Shoot to Kill Orders 56
Karachi’s Killing Fields 57
The MQM Saga Lives On 58
Chapter 3: NEWS IS WHAT THE RULERS WANT TO HIDE 61
“What are you Writing? You’re Writing too Much” 61
1991: A Year of Living Dangerously 70
The Press Fights Back 73
Knives Were Used to Send a Message 74
An Historic Protest 75
What Price for a Free Press? 78
Exchanging Places With Daniel Pearl 79
Pearl Becomes a Player in Media Politics 81
A Brave New Media 83
Part II: Human Rights 87
Chapter 4: WHERE HAVE ALL THE WOMEN GONE? 89
“Cry Rape to Get a Visa to Canada” 89
The Nurses Rape Case 91
A Young Man Flees the Moral Jury 96
Breaking Out of the Veil and Four Walls 98
Poorest Women are the Victims 100
What Hope for Women? 102
A Powerless Woman Prime Minister 105
Brides of the Quran 107
Women are Broken to Break Benazir 108
The Beijing Conference on Women 109
Whither Women? 112
Chapter 5: UNCOVERING A MURDER 115
A Young Woman Disappears 115
Missing Girl was Murdered 120
Fauzia’s Murder Makes Waves 123
Accused Member of Parliament Runs Away 126
Murder’s Impact on Society 129
We Hunt Together for the Killer 130
Women Surprise Government Legislators 132
History is Made 135
A Woman is Offered in Exchange 138
“Follow Your Heart” – A Friend’s Advice 140
Tying the Knot 141
“Caught Taking Bribe, Released Giving Bribe” 142
Hope Arrives in the Form of a Muslim Cleric 143
The Past is Never Forgotten 145
Part III: Terrorism in Pakistan 147
Chapter 6: PAKISTAN IN THE SHADOW OF 9/11 149
“Why do They Hate US?” 149
The Chickens Were Primed to Come Home to Roost 152
The Mujahideen in Pakistan 154
The View from Soviet-Dominated Kabul 155
Fleeing Militants Massacre my Christian Friends 159
9/11 Gives License for Disappearances 163
Running with the Hare and Hunting with the Hound 166
The Taliban Sets up Shop in Pakistan 170
Drones Attack Last Refuge for Jihadists 172
Pakistan in 2007 AD 174
A General Loses Face 176
Chapter 7: THE DEMOCRACY TRAIN REVS FOR MOTION 179
A Prime Minister in Waiting 179
“Democracy is the Best Revenge” 184
Squaring Off with a Potential Adversary 189
The Chief Justice Notices the Disappeared 191
Dressing the Wounds of Balochistan 196
Musharraf’s Emergency Breaks 198
The Rawalpindi Conspiracy 200
A Mourning Federation Catapults the PPP to Power 205
The Swat Operation 208
The Army Takes On the Pakistani Taliban 211
No Stops on the Democracy Train 214
End Matter 219
EPILOGUE 219
Pakistan’s Epic Monsoon Floods 219
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 225
INDEX 229