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A. N. Whitehead and Social Theory

A. N. Whitehead and Social Theory

Michael Halewood

(2013)

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Book Details

Abstract

The contemporary importance of A. N. Whitehead (1861–1947) lies in his direct yet productive challenge to the culture of thought inherent in modernity, a challenge that suffuses science, social theory and philosophy alike. Unlike some of the more destructive aspects of postmodernism and poststructuralism, Whitehead’s diagnosis of the conceptual fault lines of the modern era does not entail a passive relativism. Instead, he calls for a renewal of our concepts, offering a positive, philosophical approach based on becoming, relativity, and a reconception of subjectivity and the social. This book outlines Whitehead’s philosophy, using it to reorient a range of specific questions and topics within contemporary social theory.


‘What if social theory gave up defining the social as opposed to the natural, and accepted the demands of a “culture of thought”, assuming nothing, ruling out nothing? Halewood’s book, exploring the challenge associated with Whitehead’s speculative philosophy, does not propose still another theory, but a new idea of theory.’ —Professor Isabelle Stengers, Université Libre de Bruxelles


‘Michael Halewood’s book is a brilliant exposition of the philosophy of A. N. Whitehead. Outstanding scholarship, combined with careful, sophisticated illustration, brings out the enormous relevance of Whitehead’s radical process thinking for contemporary social theory and social scientific analysis.’ —Professor Mike Michael, Goldsmiths, University of London


Michael Halewood is a Senior Lecturer in Social Theory at the University of Essex. He has published articles and chapters on Whitehead’s relation to Deleuze, Badiou and Butler, as well as pieces on John Dewey, subjectivity and materiality, the body, language and sociality. He has also edited a special section of the journal ‘Theory, Culture and Society’ dedicated to Whitehead, and is an International Academic Advisor to the Whitehead Research Project.


‘Whitehead’s work is scantly mentioned in the social sciences and his name has gone unrecognized. Halewood’s book offers a corrective to this omission… Halewood gives us a review of Whiteheadian thought that is sophisticated and thorough yet still within the reach of, say, an advanced undergraduate… Halewood’s book does the important work of elucidating how Whiteheadian process-relational thought offers a useful framework for the social sciences of today.’ —Michael Carolan, ‘Process Studies’


The contemporary importance of A. N. Whitehead (1861–1947) lies in his direct yet productive challenge to the culture of thought inherent in modernity, a challenge that suffuses science, social theory and philosophy alike. Unlike some of the more destructive aspects of postmodernism and poststructuralism, Whitehead’s diagnosis of the conceptual fault lines of the modern era does not entail a passive relativism. Instead, he calls for a renewal of our concepts, offering a positive, philosophical approach based on becoming, relativity, and a reconception of subjectivity and the social. This book outlines Whitehead’s philosophy, using it to reorient a range of specific questions and topics within contemporary social theory, namely: the relation of language and the body; the relationship between the individual and society; sexual difference; conceptions of nature; the question of realism; the concept of the social; and capitalism as a process. It also provides detailed analyses and comparisons of Whitehead’s concepts with those of Judith Butler on materiality and the body, and of Luce Irigaray on nature, essentialism and sexual difference.


‘Alfred North Whitehead is best known as a mathematician and as a speculative metaphysician. But in this incisive book, Michael Halewood breaks new ground by showing Whitehead’s surprising relevance for social theory, and especially for feminist and Marxist concerns.’ —Professor Steven Shaviro, Wayne State University, Detroit


Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
A. N. Whitehead and Social Theory_9781783080694 i
Title iii
Copyright iv
CONTENTS v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix
Chapter One A CULTURE OF THOUGHT – THE BIFURCATION OF NATURE 1
Metaphysics and Sociology 3
A Culture of Thought – The Bifurcation of Nature 5
Philosophy, Science and Contemporary Thought 10
Chapter Two INTRODUCING WHITEHEAD’S PHILOSOPHY – THE LUREOF WHITEHEAD 23
Subjects and Experience 25
Actual Entities 28
Prehensions 29
Power 32
Relativity 33
Creativity 35
Chapter Three ‘A THOROUGH-GOING REALISM’ – WHITEHEAD ON CAUSE AND CONFORMATION 39
The Problem of Cause 40
Realism and Transcendence 46
Cause and Conformation in Whitehead 50
Presentational Immediacy 51
Causal Efficacy 53
Conformation 57
Chapter Four THE VALUE OF EXISTENCE 63
Facts, Values and the Nineteenth Century 64
Whitehead on Value 70
What is an Eternal Object? 73
Chapter Five SOCIETIES, THE SOCIAL AND SUBJECTIVITY 79
The Birth of the Social 81
Sociology and Sociality – Defining the Terms 84
Whitehead on Societies 86
The Individual and Society 89
Subjectivity and Individuality 95
Subjective Aim 98
Conclusion 102
Chapter Six LANGUAGE AND THE BODY – FROM SIGNIFICATION TO SYMBOLISM 105
The Problem of Language and the Body – The Problem of Signification 106
Symbolism and Symbolic Reference 114
Symbolism, Language and the Body 119
Chapter Seven THIS NATURE WHICH IS NOT ONE 125
Reapproaching Sexual Difference 129
Whitehead and Irigaray on the Problem of the ‘One’ 130
Nature is at least Two 133
Difference and Opposition 138
Gender and the Process of Becoming. The “Withness of the Body” 141
Conclusion 144
Chapter Eight CAPITALISM, PROCESS AND ABSTRACTION 147
Marx on Capitalism 149
Abstractions in the Head 152
Abstractions in Reality 155
Value-Form 161
Conclusion 163
NOTES 171
Chapter One: A Culture of Thought – The Bifurcation of Nature 171
Chapter Two: Introducing Whitehead’s Philosophy – The Lure of Whitehead 171
Chapter Three: ‘A Thorough-Going Realism’ – Whitehead On Cause and Conformation 172
Chapter Four: The Value of Existence 173
Chapter Five: Societies, the Social and Subjectivity 174
Chapter Six: Language and the Body – From Signification to Symbolism 174
Chapter Seven: This Nature Which Is Not One 175
Chapter Eight: Capitalism, Process and Abstraction 175
BIBLIOGRAPHY 179
INDEX 185