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Canadian Nursing- E-Book

BOOK

Canadian Nursing- E-Book

Janet C. Ross-Kerr | Marilynn J. Wood

(2014)

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Additional Information

Book Details

ISBN
978-1-77172-026-7
Edition
5
Language
English
Pages
528
Subjects
General practice
Nursing
Nursing sociology

Abstract

This text examines the issues and trends impacting Canadian nursing. The five parts of the text cover everything from the development of the profession of nursing in Canada, to discussions of nursing knowledge, nursing research, and the theoretical foundations of modern nursing. The authors also examine issues in the delivery of nursing care as well as nursing education, credentialing, standards of care, and entry to practice. Additional chapters address collaboration, the increasingly flexible delivery in nursing education, and health informatics. The book concludes with a look at Canadian nurses’ growing role in international nursing and Canadian projects that have been implemented around the globe.

  • Detailed references at the end of each chapter
  • Two-colour design draws attention to each section heading
  • Dedicated Evolve website enhances the teaching and learning experience
  • New student-friendly features include Canadian Research Focus boxes that highlight current and relevant research, and Reflective Thinking boxes that provide focused opportunities for reflection and discussion
  • WebLinks provide information for relevant nursing and health care organizations
  • Chapter Objectives, End-of-chapter Critical Thinking Questions, and Web Resources have been added to engage students in their own learning
  • With additional images that highlight key individuals and events in Canadian nursing, the text is more visually appealing than ever!
  • Chapters combined and reorganized to reflect reviewer feedback and change in Canadian teaching focus

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover \r Cover
CANADIAN NURSING iii
Copyright\r iv
CONTENTS v
CONTRIBUTORS vii
REVIEWERS viii
PREFACE xi
PART 1 -\rTHE PROFESSIONIN CANADA 1
Chapter 1 - The Canadian Health Care System 3
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 4
?THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL SYSTEM OF MEDICARE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 5
?EARLY HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS 7
?FEDERAL LEGISLATION FOR HEALTH CARE FINANCING 8
?THE CANADA HEALTH ACT OF 1984 9
?PRIVATIZATION OF HEALTH CARE 11
?PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF HEALTH CARE FINANCING LEGISLATION 12
?HEALTH CARE REFORM IN THE 1990s 13
?THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN THE FUTURE 15
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 16
?WEB SITES\r 16
?REFERENCES 17
Chapter 2 - Nursing in Canada, 1600 to the Present: A Brief Account 18
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 19
?JEANNE MANCE 22
?SURVIVAL AND GRADUAL EXPANSION OF NURSING: 1763 TO 1874 27
?THE ADVENT OF MODERN NURSING: 1874 TO 1914 31
?NURSING IN TIMES OF CONFLICT: 1914 TO 1945 35
?THE EMERGENCE OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 38
?NURSING IN HOSPITALS 39
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 40
?WEB SITES\r 40
?REFERENCES\r 40
Chapter 3 - Professionalization in Canadian Nursing 42
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 43
?EVOLUTION OF NURSING AS A PROFESSION 45
?EMERGENCE OF A SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE BASE FOR NURSING 47
?PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION FOR NURSING: ISSUES OF STATUS AND CONTROL 48
?CONTROL OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE 49
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 50
?WEB SITES\r 50
?REFERENCES\r 50
Chapter 4 - The Professional Image: Impact and Strategies for Change 51
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 52
?THE MASS MEDIA AND THE IMAGE OF NURSES AND NURSING 53
?PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF NURSES AND NURSING 57
?SELF-IMAGE OF NURSING 60
?STRATEGIES FOR CHANGING THE IMAGE 62
?CONCLUSION 65
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS\r 65
?REFERENCES\r 65
Chapter 5 - Issues of Gender and Diversity in Nursing 68
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 69
?INTRODUCTION TO FEMINISM 70
?THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEMINISM AND NURSING 72
?A FEMINIST APPROACH TO WOMEN’S HEALTH 73
?RESEARCH AND FEMINISM 74
?MEN IN NURSING 75
?DIVERSITY IN NURSING 79
?CONCLUSION 80
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 81
?WEB SITES\r 81
?REFERENCES\r 81
PART 2 - NURSING KNOWLEDGE\r 83
Chapter 6 - Theoretical Issues in Nursing 85
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 86
?DEFINITIONS OF NURSING 87
?EARLY THEORETICAL CHALLENGES 88
?THE METAPARADIGM CONCEPTS IN NURSING THEORY 90
?AN ERA OF MODEL BUILDING 91
?THE MODEL DEBATES 96
?THE CHANGING THEORETICAL CLIMATE 97
?NURSING’S ONGOING PARADIGM DISPUTES 99
?FORGING NEW THEORETICAL DIRECTIONS 100
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 101
?WEB SITES\r 101
?REFERENCES\r 101
Chapter 7 - Thinking Philosophically in Nursing 105
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 106
?DOWNFALL OF CONCEPTIONS OF NURSING: ITS AFTERMATH AND IMPLICATIONS 107
?ANOTHER WAY FORWARD 109
?IMPEDIMENTS TO WONDERING AND PHILOSOPHIZING IN NURSING 111
?TOWARD A SOUND PHILOSOPHICAL NURSING BASIS 113
?CONCLUSION 115
?WEB SITES 116
?REFERENCES\r 116
Chapter 8 - Nursing Research in Canada 118
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 119
?FUNDING NURSING RESEARCH 121
?ADVOCACY FOR NURSING RESEARCH 124
?RESEARCH AND PRACTICE: BRIDGING THE GAP 126
?NURSING: THE INVISIBLE PROFESSION 130
?PROFESSIONAL ROLES IN THE PRACTICE OF NURSING 133
?RESEARCH-MINDEDNESS: IMPLEMENTING RESEARCH IN NURSING PRACTICE 135
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 136
?WEB SITES 137
?REFERENCES\r 137
Chapter 9 - Knowledge Translation and Evidence-Informed Practice 139
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 140
?SPREAD OF NEW KNOWLEDGE: INNOVATION AND DIFFUSION 142
?STAKEHOLDERS IN BEST PRACTICE 145
?CLINICAL DECISION MAKING 149
?STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE ACCESS TO EVIDENCE 151
?REMOVING SOME BARRIERS TO EVIDENCE 153
?FUTURE CHALLENGES 155
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS\r 155
?WEB SITES\r 155
?REFERENCES\r 155
Chapter 10 - Health Informatics and Canadian Nursing Practice 158
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 159
?THE EMERGENCE OF NURSING INFORMATICS 160
?REPRESENTING NURSING DATA IN HEALTH CARE 163
?E-NURSING 171
?CANADIAN E-NURSING SHOWCASE 173
?PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY IN A DIGITAL PRACTICE DOMAIN 175
?NURSING INFORMATICS COMMUNITIES AND RESOURCES 176
?GLIMPSES INTO THE FUTURE 177
?CONCLUSION 178
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS \r 178
?WEB SITES\r 178
?REFERENCES 179
PART 3 -\rNURSING CAREDELIVERY 183
Chapter 11 - Primary Health Care: Challenges and Opportunities for the Nursing Profession 185
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 186
?PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN THE CANADIAN CONTEXT 189
?LINKING NURSING, PHC, AND THE CANADIAN CONTEXT 194
?IMPLEMENTATION OF PHC: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES 197
?THE WAY FORWARD 202
?CONCLUSION 203
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 204
?WEB SITES\r 204
?REFERENCES\r 204
Chapter 12 - Quality of Care: From Quality Assurance and Improvement to Cultures of Patient Safety 209
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 210
?HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN QUALITY ASSURANCE 211
?LIMITATIONS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMS 212
?THE TRANSITION TO TQM/CQI 214
?KEY CONCEPTS OF CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT 215
?THE PROCESS OF CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT 217
?THE TOOLS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT 218
?QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INDICATORS 219
?NURSING-SENSITIVE OUTCOMES AND BEST-PRACTICE GUIDELINES 222
?FUTURE DIRECTIONS ENSURING QUALITY OF CARE 223
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 225
?WEB SITES\r 225
?REFERENCES 226
Chapter 13 - The Practising Nurse and the Law 228
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 229
?PROFESSIONAL STATUS OF NURSES 230
?NEGLIGENCE 231
?CONSENT TO NURSING CARE 233
?NURSING DOCUMENTATION 236
?PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY 239
?UNDERSTANDING THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF NURSING 241
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 242
?WEB SITES\r 242
?REFERENCES\r 242
Chapter 14 - Ethical Issues and Dilemmas in Nursing Practice 244
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 245
?BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS RELATING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF AUTONOMY 249
?DO NOT RESUSCITATE ORDERS 252
?ADVANCE DIRECTIVES 253
?THE UNIQUE CASE OF THE MENTALLY ILL 255
?ETHICAL DILEMMAS RELATED TO REPRODUCTION 256
?ALLOCATION OF HEALTH CARE RESOURCES 257
?CODES OF ETHICS 258
?STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN PRACTICE 261
?CONCLUSION 263
?REFERENCES 264
Chapter 15 - Shortage or Oversupply? The Nursing Workforce Pendulum 266
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 267
?TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT OF NURSES 268
?PLACES OF WORK \r 269
?AREAS OF RESPONSIBILITY 271
?TRENDS IN DEMAND 273
?TRENDS IN SUPPLY 276
?SUPPLY–DEMAND IMBALANCES 277
?CHALLENGES FACING THE PROFESSION 279
?RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHANGE 282
?CONCLUSION 284
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS\r 284
?WEB SITES\r 284
?REFERENCES 285
Chapter 16 - Political Awareness in Nursing 289
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 290
?THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING POLITICAL AWARENESS 292
?CREATING POLITICAL AWARENESS: UNDERSTANDING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF POLITICAL ACTION 294
?INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION 295
?DEVELOPING A BASE OF SUPPORT 296
?THE PURSUIT OF GOALS 297
?BENEFITS OF ENHANCED POLITICAL AWARENESS 298
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 299
?WEB SITES\r 299
?REFERENCES\r 299
Chapter 17 - Emergence of Nursing Unions as a Social Force in Canada 301
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 302
?THE RISE OF NURSING UNIONS 303
?ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CANADIAN FEDERATION OF NURSES’ UNIONS 305
?THE ORGANIZATIONS: ESTABLISHMENT AND CONSOLIDATION 306
?UNION OR MANAGEMENT: WHERE TO DRAW THE LINE 314
?PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY CLAUSES 315
?IMPACT OF LOSS OF THE RIGHT TO STRIKE 316
?PUBLIC IMPACT OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN NURSING 317
?CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AND UNIONS 318
?FACTORS INFLUENCING COOPERATION AND CONFLICT 319
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 321
?WEB SITES\r 321
?REFERENCES\r 321
PART 4 -\rEDUCATING NURSES FOR THE FUTURE 325
Chapter 18 - The Origins and Development of Nursing Education in Canada 327
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 328
?EARLY PREPARATION FOR NURSING PRACTICE 329
?THE FIRST CANADIAN HOSPITAL SCHOOLS OF NURSING 330
?RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT IN STANDARDS 333
?THE MOVEMENT TO ESTABLISH TWO-YEAR SCHOOLS 337
?EMERGENCE OF UNIVERSITY SCHOOLS OF NURSING 341
?NEW INITIATIVES AND INCENTIVES IN UNIVERSITY NURSING EDUCATION BETWEEN 1940 AND 1955 350
?DIPLOMA TO DEGREE: THE INCEPTION OF THE BASIC DEGREE PROGRAM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO 352
?A SECOND BASIC DEGREE PROGRAM BEGINS 353
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 355
?WEB SITES\r 355
?REFERENCES\r 355
Chapter 19 - Entry to Practice: Striving for the Baccalaureate Standard 359
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 360
?STANDARDS OF NURSING EDUCATION: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 363
?MOVING BEYOND 2000 364
?PROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENTS 368
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 373
?WEB SITES\r 373
?REFERENCES\r 373
Chapter 20 - Credentialing in Nursing 374
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 375
?CREDENTIALING MECHANISMS 376
?REGISTRATION AND LICENSURE 378
?THE CASE FOR MANDATORY LICENSURE 380
?NURSE PRACTITIONERS 381
?SPECIALIZATION IN NURSING 382
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 386
?WEB SITES\r 386
?REFERENCES\r 386
Chapter 21 - The Growth of Graduate Education in Nursing in Canada 388
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 389
?THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMS 391
?EXPANSION OF MASTER’S PROGRAMS IN NURSING 397
?ANALYSIS OF ENROLLMENT TRENDS IN MASTER’S PROGRAMS 398
?ANALYSIS OF ENROLLMENT TRENDS IN DOCTORAL PROGRAMS 401
?DEVELOPING THE FACULTY RESOURCES FOR GRADUATE PROGRAMS 402
?PREPARING TO ESTABLISH DOCTORAL PROGRAMS IN NURSING 403
?THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DOCTORAL PROGRAMS 405
?POSTDOCTORAL EDUCATION IN NURSING 407
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 408
?WEB SITES\r 408
?REFERENCES 409
Chapter 22 - Career Development in Nursing 410
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 411
?BUILDING A CLINICAL PRACTICE CAREER: PATHWAY TO SUCCESS 412
?BUILDING A RESEARCH CAREER: PATHWAY TO SUCCESS 417
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 427
?WEB SITES\r 427
?REFERENCES\r 427
Chapter 23 - Monitoring Standards in Nursing Education 428
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 429
?APPROVAL OF PROGRAMS IN NURSING EDUCATION 430
?ACCREDITATION OF NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMS 433
?FINANCING ACCREDITATION 437
?OTHER ISSUES REGARDING ACCREDITATION 438
?CONCLUSION 440
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 441
?WEB SITES\r 441
?REFERENCES\r 441
PART 5 -CANADIAN AND INTERNATIONAL NURSING\r 443
Chapter 24 - International Nursing: Looking Beyond Our Borders 445
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 446
?MAIN INTERNATIONAL NURSING ISSUES AND EVENTS SINCE 2000 453
?MAIN NATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES AND EVENTS SINCE 2000 460
?MAIN NATIONAL NURSING ISSUES AND EVENTS SINCE 2000 463
?SUMMARY 468
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS\r 468
?REFERENCES\r 468
Chapter 25 - Internationalizing Nursing in Canada: Perspectives in Nursing Practice and Education 471
?LEARNING OBJECTIVES 472
?STRATEGIES FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CANADIAN NURSING 473
?ISSUES 483
?CONCLUSION 484
?CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS\r 484
?WEB SITES\r 484
?REFERENCES\r 484
Index\r 487
Photo Credits\r 503

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