BOOK
Remington and Klein's Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn E-Book
Christopher B. Wilson | Victor Nizet | Yvonne Maldonado | Jack S. Remington | Jerome O. Klein
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Regarded as the definitive source of information in the field, Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant remains your indispensable source for authoritative, state-of-the-art answers. Edited by Drs. Wilson, Nizet, Maldonado, Remington, and Klein, this fully updated reference helps you apply the latest evidence-based recommendations in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of infections found in utero, during delivery, and in the neonatal period in both premature and term infants.
- Consult this title on your favorite e-reader .
- Form a definitive diagnosis and create the best treatment plans possible using evidence-based recommendations and expert guidance from world authorities.
- Locate key content easily and identify clinical conditions quickly thanks to a consistent, highly user-friendly format now featuring a full-color design with hundreds of illustrations, and fresh perspectives from six new authoritative chapter lead authors.
- Explore what’s changing in key areas such as:
- emerging problems and concepts in maternal, fetal, and neonatal infectious diseases
- anticipation and recognition of infections occurring in utero, during delivery, and in the neonatal period
- Stay on the cutting edge of your field with new and improved chapters including: obstetric factors associated with infections of the fetus and newborn infant; human milk; borella infections; tuberculosis; bordetella pertussis and other bordetella sp infections; herpes simplex; toxoplasmosis; pneumocystis and other less common fungal infections; and healthcare-associated infections in the nursery.
- Keep up with the most relevant topics in fetal/neonatal infectious disease including new antimicrobial agents, gram- negative infections and their management, and recommendations for immunization of the fetus/mother.
- Overcome clinical challenges in developing countries where access to proper medical care is limited.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| IFC | IFC | ||
| Remington and Klein’s Infectious Diseases\rof the Fetus and Newborn Infant | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Contents | xv | ||
| SECTION I -\rGENERAL INFORMATION | 1 | ||
| 1 -\rCurrent Concepts of Infections of the Fetus and Newborn Infant | 3 | ||
| Overview | 3 | ||
| Infections of the Fetus | 5 | ||
| Infections Acquired by the Newborn Infant During Birth | 15 | ||
| Infections of the Newborn Infant in the First Month of Life | 18 | ||
| References | 20 | ||
| 2 - Neonatal Infections: A Global Perspective | 24 | ||
| Global Burden of Neonatal Infections | 24 | ||
| Selected Neonatal Infections | 29 | ||
| Indirect Causes of Neonatal Death Related to Infection | 39 | ||
| Strategies to Prevent and Treat Infection in the Neonate | 39 | ||
| Conclusion | 45 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 45 | ||
| References | 45 | ||
| 3 - Obstetric Factors Associated with Infections of the Fetus and Newborn Infant | 54 | ||
| Overview | 54 | ||
| Infection as a Cause of Preterm Birth | 55 | ||
| Premature Rupture of Membranes | 66 | ||
| Conclusion | 73 | ||
| References | 73 | ||
| 4 - Developmental Immunology and Role of Host Defenses in Fetal and Neonatal Susceptibility to Infection | 81 | ||
| Epithelial Barriers | 82 | ||
| Complement and Other Humoral Mediators of Innate Immunity | 87 | ||
| Phagocytes | 89 | ||
| Dendritic Cells: the Link between Innate and Adaptive Immunity | 101 | ||
| Natural Killer Cells and Innate Lymphoid Cells | 107 | ||
| T Cells and Antigen Presentation | 111 | ||
| B Cells and Immunoglobulin | 146 | ||
| Immunologic Approaches to Prevent or Treat Fetal and Neonatal Infections | 165 | ||
| References | 167 | ||
| 5 - Human Milk | 189 | ||
| Developmental Anatomy of the Mammary Gland | 189 | ||
| Physiology of Lactation | 190 | ||
| Components of Human Milk and Their Potential Benefits for the Breastfed Infant | 191 | ||
| Benefits and Risks of Human Milk | 199 | ||
| Current Trends in Breastfeeding | 205 | ||
| Summary and Conclusions | 206 | ||
| References | 207 | ||
| SECTION II\r- BACTERIAL INFECTION | 215 | ||
| 6 -\rBacterial Sepsis and Meningitis | 217 | ||
| Bacteriology | 218 | ||
| Epidemiology | 229 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 233 | ||
| Pathology | 237 | ||
| Diagnosis | 241 | ||
| Management | 248 | ||
| Prognosis | 252 | ||
| Prevention | 253 | ||
| Sepsis in the Newborn Recently Discharged From the Hospital | 255 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 257 | ||
| References | 257 | ||
| 7 - Bacterial Infections of the Respiratory Tract | 272 | ||
| Infections of the Oral Cavity and Nasopharynx | 272 | ||
| Otitis Media | 275 | ||
| Pneumonia | 279 | ||
| References | 286 | ||
| 8 - Bacterial Infections of the Bones and Joints | 291 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | 291 | ||
| Primary Septic Arthritis | 301 | ||
| Osteomyelitis of the Maxilla | 301 | ||
| References | 302 | ||
| 9 - Bacterial Infections of the Urinary Tract | 307 | ||
| Epidemiology | 307 | ||
| Microbiology | 308 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 309 | ||
| Pathology | 311 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 311 | ||
| Diagnosis | 312 | ||
| Management and Prevention | 315 | ||
| Prognosis | 315 | ||
| References | 316 | ||
| 10 - Focal Bacterial Infections | 319 | ||
| Infections of the Liver | 319 | ||
| Splenic Abscess | 322 | ||
| Infections of the Biliary Tract | 322 | ||
| Infections of the Adrenal Glands | 322 | ||
| Appendicitis | 323 | ||
| Peritonitis | 325 | ||
| Necrotizing Enterocolitis | 329 | ||
| Endocarditis | 333 | ||
| Pericarditis | 335 | ||
| Mediastinitis | 336 | ||
| Esophagitis | 336 | ||
| Infections of Endocrine Organs | 336 | ||
| Infections of the Salivary Glands | 336 | ||
| Infections of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue | 337 | ||
| Conjunctivitis and Other Eye Infections | 342 | ||
| References | 343 | ||
| 11 - Microorganisms Responsible for Neonatal Diarrhea | 350 | ||
| Enteric Host Defense Mechanisms | 350 | ||
| Protective Factors in Human Milk | 351 | ||
| Bacterial Pathogens | 352 | ||
| Other Bacterial Agents and Fungi | 378 | ||
| Parasites | 379 | ||
| Viruses | 381 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 385 | ||
| References | 387 | ||
| 12 - Group B Streptococcal Infections | 411 | ||
| Organism | 411 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 414 | ||
| Immunology and Pathogenesis | 419 | ||
| Pathology | 428 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations and Outcome | 429 | ||
| Diagnosis | 435 | ||
| Treatment | 436 | ||
| Prognosis | 438 | ||
| Prevention | 439 | ||
| References | 444 | ||
| 13 - Listeriosis | 457 | ||
| The Organism | 457 | ||
| Epidemiology | 458 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 459 | ||
| Pathology | 462 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 463 | ||
| Diagnosis | 464 | ||
| Therapy | 465 | ||
| Prognosis | 466 | ||
| Prevention and Outbreak Management | 467 | ||
| References | 467 | ||
| 14 - Staphylococcal Infections | 475 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 475 | ||
| Microbiology | 477 | ||
| Pathogenesis of Disease | 478 | ||
| Pathology | 483 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 483 | ||
| Diagnosis | 491 | ||
| Antibiotic Treatment (see also Chapter 37) | 491 | ||
| Prevention | 494 | ||
| Conclusion | 496 | ||
| Acknowledgment | 496 | ||
| References | 496 | ||
| 15 - Gonococcal Infections | 504 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 504 | ||
| Microbiology | 505 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 506 | ||
| Pathology | 507 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 507 | ||
| Diagnosis | 507 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 508 | ||
| Treatment | 508 | ||
| Prognosis | 509 | ||
| Prevention | 509 | ||
| References | 510 | ||
| 16 - Syphilis | 512 | ||
| Organism | 512 | ||
| Transmission | 513 | ||
| Acquired Syphilis | 513 | ||
| Congenital Syphilis | 513 | ||
| Epidemiology | 514 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 515 | ||
| Pathology | 517 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 518 | ||
| Diagnosis | 525 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 530 | ||
| Therapy | 532 | ||
| Prevention | 535 | ||
| References | 536 | ||
| 17 - Borrelia Infections: Lyme Disease and Relapsing Fever | 544 | ||
| Lyme Disease | 544 | ||
| Relapsing Fever | 554 | ||
| References | 555 | ||
| 18 - Tuberculosis | 558 | ||
| Brief History | 558 | ||
| Epidemiology | 559 | ||
| Bacteriology | 560 | ||
| Pathogenesis and Pathology | 560 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 562 | ||
| Diagnosis | 563 | ||
| Management | 566 | ||
| Prognosis | 570 | ||
| Infection Control | 570 | ||
| Prevention | 570 | ||
| Special Considerations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection or Exposure | 571 | ||
| Special Considerations in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) | 572 | ||
| References | 573 | ||
| 19 - Chlamydia Infections | 576 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 576 | ||
| Microbiology | 577 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 578 | ||
| Pathology | 578 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 579 | ||
| Diagnosis | 579 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 580 | ||
| Prognosis | 581 | ||
| Therapy | 581 | ||
| Prevention | 581 | ||
| References | 581 | ||
| 20 - Mycoplasmal Infections | 583 | ||
| Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma hominis: Colonization and Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Tracts in Adults | 583 | ||
| Adverse Pregnancy Outcome | 586 | ||
| Transmission of Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma hominis to the Fetus and Newborn | 587 | ||
| Perinatal Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma hominis Infection | 587 | ||
| Other Mycoplasmas | 591 | ||
| Diagnosis | 592 | ||
| Treatment of Neonatal Infections | 592 | ||
| References | 593 | ||
| 21 - Bordetella pertussis and Other Bordetella spp. Infections | 598 | ||
| Organisms | 598 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 599 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 600 | ||
| Pathology | 601 | ||
| Clinical; Bordetella pertussis Infections | 601 | ||
| Other Bordetella Infections | 603 | ||
| Prognosis | 606 | ||
| Prevention | 606 | ||
| References | 609 | ||
| SECTION III\r- VIRAL INFECTION | 617 | ||
| 22 -\rHuman Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in the Infant | 619 | ||
| Epidemiology | 620 | ||
| Transmission | 622 | ||
| Molecular Biology | 625 | ||
| Immunopathogenesis | 627 | ||
| Diagnosis | 629 | ||
| Classification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Children | 631 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations and Pathology | 631 | ||
| Prognosis | 638 | ||
| Treatment | 639 | ||
| Prevention | 644 | ||
| Future Goals | 658 | ||
| References | 658 | ||
| 23 - Varicella, Measles, and Mumps | 675 | ||
| Varicella and Zoster | 675 | ||
| Measles | 698 | ||
| Mumps | 708 | ||
| References | 712 | ||
| 24 - Cytomegalovirus | 724 | ||
| The Virus | 725 | ||
| Epidemiology | 730 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 736 | ||
| Pathology | 746 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 749 | ||
| Diagnosis | 756 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 761 | ||
| Treatment | 762 | ||
| Prevention | 764 | ||
| References | 765 | ||
| 25 - Enterovirus, Parechovirus, and Saffold Virus Infections | 782 | ||
| The Viruses | 783 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 787 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 792 | ||
| Pathology | 794 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 796 | ||
| Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis | 812 | ||
| Prognosis | 814 | ||
| Therapy | 815 | ||
| Prevention | 816 | ||
| References | 817 | ||
| 26 - Hepatitis | 828 | ||
| Hepatitis A Virus | 828 | ||
| Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus | 830 | ||
| Hepatitis C Virus | 834 | ||
| Hepatitis E Virus | 836 | ||
| Other Hepatotropic Viruses | 838 | ||
| Conclusion | 838 | ||
| References | 839 | ||
| 27 - Herpes Simplex Virus Infections | 843 | ||
| Herpes Simplex Virus | 843 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 846 | ||
| Immunologic Response | 850 | ||
| Neonatal Infection | 851 | ||
| Diagnosis | 854 | ||
| Treatment | 856 | ||
| Prevention | 859 | ||
| Conclusion | 862 | ||
| References | 862 | ||
| 28 - Human Parvovirus | 866 | ||
| Microbiology | 867 | ||
| General Aspects of Pathogenesis | 868 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 869 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations (Other Than Intrauterine Infection) | 873 | ||
| General Aspects of Diagnosis | 876 | ||
| Epidemiology of Parvovirus B19 Infections and Risk of Acquisition in Pregnant Women | 877 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations of Parvovirus B19 Infections in Pregnant Women | 878 | ||
| Intrauterine Transmission Rates, Clinical Manifestations, and Fetal Outcomes | 879 | ||
| Pathogenesis of Infection in the Fetus | 882 | ||
| Pathology in the Fetus | 882 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 886 | ||
| Prognosis | 886 | ||
| Prevention | 887 | ||
| References | 887 | ||
| 29 - Rubella | 894 | ||
| Virus | 895 | ||
| Epidemiology | 898 | ||
| Transmission In Utero | 900 | ||
| Natural History | 902 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 907 | ||
| Pathology | 908 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 909 | ||
| Laboratory Diagnosis | 913 | ||
| Management Issues | 915 | ||
| Prevention of Congenital Rubella | 917 | ||
| References | 921 | ||
| 30 - Less Common Viral Infections | 933 | ||
| Human Papillomavirus | 933 | ||
| Epstein-Barr Virus | 934 | ||
| Human Herpesvirus 6 | 935 | ||
| Human Herpesvirus 7 | 936 | ||
| Influenza A and B | 936 | ||
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus | 938 | ||
| Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus | 939 | ||
| Molluscum Contagiosum | 939 | ||
| Rabies Virus | 940 | ||
| West Nile Virus | 940 | ||
| Smallpox | 940 | ||
| Dengue | 941 | ||
| Chikungunya | 942 | ||
| References | 943 | ||
| SECTION IV -\rPROTOZOAN, HELMINTH, AND FUGAL INFECTIONS | 947 | ||
| 31 -\rToxoplasmosis | 949 | ||
| Biology of the Parasite | 950 | ||
| Epidemiology | 967 | ||
| Drugs Active Against Toxoplasma gondii | 970 | ||
| Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Infections in the Mother and the Unborn Child | 975 | ||
| Treatment and Prevention of Infections in the Mother and the Unborn Child | 990 | ||
| Infection in the Newborn | 1001 | ||
| Management of Congenitally Infected Children and Long-Term Outcome | 1008 | ||
| Effectiveness of Current Approaches to Prevent Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Its Sequelae and Proposal for Improvement | 1017 | ||
| Conclusion | 1023 | ||
| References | 1024 | ||
| 32 - Malaria and Less Common Protozoan and Helminth Infections | 1043 | ||
| Ascaris | 1043 | ||
| Giardiasis | 1044 | ||
| American Trypanosomiasis: Chagas Disease | 1044 | ||
| African Trypanosomiasis: African Sleeping Sickness | 1046 | ||
| Entamoeba Histolytica | 1047 | ||
| Malaria | 1047 | ||
| Schistosomiasis | 1053 | ||
| Trichomonas Vaginalis | 1053 | ||
| Trichinosis | 1053 | ||
| Babesiosis | 1054 | ||
| Pneumocystis Jirovecii | 1054 | ||
| References | 1054 | ||
| 33 - Candidiasis | 1058 | ||
| Epidemiology and Transmission | 1058 | ||
| Microbiology | 1059 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 1061 | ||
| Pathology | 1063 | ||
| Clinical Manifestations | 1063 | ||
| Candidemia and Disseminated Candidiasis | 1066 | ||
| Diagnosis | 1067 | ||
| Treatment | 1070 | ||
| Prevention | 1074 | ||
| References | 1075 | ||
| 34 - Pneumocystis and Other Less Common Fungal Infections | 1080 | ||
| Pneumocystis jirovecii (Formerly Known as Pneumocystis carinii) Infection | 1081 | ||
| Aspergillosis | 1093 | ||
| Blastomycosis | 1096 | ||
| Histoplasmosis | 1097 | ||
| Coccidiodomycosis | 1098 | ||
| Cryptococcosis | 1099 | ||
| Malassezia | 1101 | ||
| Zygomycosis | 1101 | ||
| Dermatophytoses | 1102 | ||
| References | 1103 | ||
| SECTION V -\rDIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT | 1109 | ||
| 35 -\rHealth Care–Associated Infections in the Nursery | 1111 | ||
| Special Issues for Neonates | 1111 | ||
| Epidemiology | 1112 | ||
| Etiologic Agents | 1113 | ||
| Device-Related Infections | 1117 | ||
| Preventing Transmission of Health Care–Associated Infections | 1120 | ||
| Other Related Issues | 1123 | ||
| References | 1125 | ||
| 36 - Laboratory Aids for Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis | 1132 | ||
| Diagnostic Utility of Laboratory Tests | 1132 | ||
| In Search of the Ideal Laboratory Test | 1133 | ||
| Blood Cell Counts, Ratios, and Flow Cytometric Markers | 1134 | ||
| Acute-Phase Reactants | 1137 | ||
| Other Biomarkers of Host Inflammation | 1139 | ||
| Improvements in Pathogen Detection | 1141 | ||
| Combination Diagnostic Screening Panels | 1141 | ||
| Perspectives and Conclusions | 1142 | ||
| References | 1143 | ||
| 37 - Clinical Pharmacology of Antiinfective Drugs | 1147 | ||
| Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology | 1148 | ||
| Placental Transport of Antimicrobial Drugs | 1152 | ||
| Excretion of Antibiotics in Human Milk | 1154 | ||
| Penicillin | 1156 | ||
| Ampicillin | 1157 | ||
| Antistaphylococcal Treatment | 1158 | ||
| Aminoglycosides (Table 37-8) | 1165 | ||
| Aztreonam | 1172 | ||
| Cephalosporins | 1172 | ||
| Broad-Acting Agents With Activity Against Pseudomonas or Anaerobes (See Table 37-10) | 1176 | ||
| Ticarcillin-Clavulanate (See Table 37-10) | 1178 | ||
| Carbapenems (See Table 37-10) | 1179 | ||
| Metronidazole | 1181 | ||
| Antiviral Medications | 1182 | ||
| Antifungal Therapy | 1186 | ||
| Conclusions | 1193 | ||
| References | 1193 | ||
| 38 - Prevention of Fetal and Early Life Infections Through Maternal−Neonatal Immunization | 1203 | ||
| Overall Principles | 1203 | ||
| References | 1224 | ||
| Index | 1229 | ||
| IBC | IBC |