Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Esthetic dentistry is an area of recognizable growth around the world and it often brings considerable challenges for the clinician.
Professor Avijit Banerjee presents a new volume designed to introduce practitioners to the world of minimally invasive (MI) dentistry with the goal of safely expanding his or her current scope of ethical dental practice.
Richly illustrated in full colour throughout, this beautiful volume guides readers through the key issues of tooth structure preservation relating to MI dentistry and includes a detailed discussion of dental bleaching, the use of adhesive resin composite restorations to re-constitute teeth effectively and the use of MI techniques for replacing missing teeth, both directly and indirectly. Throughout the book, emphasis is given to the importance of respecting natural tooth structure and maintaining pulp vitality, effective communication between the dentist, the oral healthcare team and the patient to ensure the patient’s and team’s expectations are appreciated, managed and met.
Whether you are newly qualified or an experienced dental practitioner, this volume will be ideal for skill enhancement and is designed for use throughout the world.
- Experts of international renown present the latest scientifically authoritative and evidenced-based information, amply supported by a high-quality line artwork and photographic illustration
- Describes in detail dental bleaching, the use of adhesive resin composite restorations and the use of MI tooth preserving techniques for replacing missing teeth
- Highlights the way in which high quality esthetics can be achieved with minimal biological cost and acceptable biological longevity, without long-term detriment to the patient
- Emphasizes the importance of effective communication between the dentist, the oral healthcare team and the patient to ensure the patient’s and team’s expectations are appreciated, managed and met
- Designed to challenge traditional thinking and clinical approach to a growing discipline
- Offers a highly visual, practical approach in a unique series format
- Aims to strengthen, enhance and expand the scope of ethical professional practice
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | cover | ||
| Minimally Invasive Esthetics | i | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| Table of Contents | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Preface from the Series Editor | viii | ||
| Preface | x | ||
| 1 Common Clinical Conditions Requiring Minimally Invasive Esthetic Intervention | 1 | ||
| Introduction | 2 | ||
| Discolouration (Fig. 1.1) | 6 | ||
| Developmental Defects | 6 | ||
| Intrinsic Discolouration | 8 | ||
| Extrinsic Discolouration | 11 | ||
| Dental Caries | 11 | ||
| Dental Crowding (Imbrication) | 13 | ||
| Missing Teeth | 13 | ||
| Tooth Wear | 15 | ||
| Conclusions | 16 | ||
| Clinical Case 1.1 | 16 | ||
| Clinical Case 1.2 | 21 | ||
| Clinical Case 1.3 | 24 | ||
| Further reading | 27 | ||
| References | 27 | ||
| 2 Dental Bleaching: | 31 | ||
| Introduction | 32 | ||
| How Teeth Become Discoloured (Fig. 2.1) | 32 | ||
| Chemistry of Bleaching | 34 | ||
| Carbamide Peroxide | 35 | ||
| How Hydrogen Peroxide Works | 35 | ||
| Safety of Carbamide Peroxide | 36 | ||
| Systemic Defence Mechanisms Against Hydrogen Peroxide | 37 | ||
| Dental Sensitivity | 37 | ||
| Tooth Resorption | 38 | ||
| Effects on the Hardness of Teeth | 39 | ||
| Pulp Considerations | 39 | ||
| Effects of Bleaching on Soft Tissues | 39 | ||
| Amalgam Restorations | 40 | ||
| Tooth-Coloured Restorative Materials | 40 | ||
| Managing Patient Expectations | 42 | ||
| Adhesive Bonding and ‘Colour Rebound’ | 42 | ||
| Chairside or ‘in-Office’ Bleaching | 44 | ||
| Claims Made Regarding Dental Bleaching | 46 | ||
| Patient ‘at Risk’ Groups | 47 | ||
| Assessing Efficacy and Effectiveness of Dental Bleaching | 48 | ||
| Mouthrinses and Toothpastes | 48 | ||
| Further reading | 48 | ||
| 3 Dental Bleaching: Methods | 51 | ||
| Introduction | 52 | ||
| History and Development | 53 | ||
| Patient Management and Expectations | 53 | ||
| Nightguard Vital Bleaching Clinical Protocol | 54 | ||
| Tray Design | 61 | ||
| Trays with or without reservoirs? | 63 | ||
| Scalloped trays (Fig. 3.22) | 65 | ||
| Straight-line trays (Fig. 3.23) | 66 | ||
| Single-tooth trays (Figs 3.24–3.26) | 67 | ||
| Combination trays | 67 | ||
| Laboratory Technical Procedures | 67 | ||
| Clinical Procedures | 70 | ||
| Fitting the tray | 70 | ||
| Evaluation of colour change | 74 | ||
| Sensitivity | 74 | ||
| Re-bleaching | 75 | ||
| Management of Discoloured, Non-Vital Anterior Teeth | 76 | ||
| Aims | 76 | ||
| Outcomes | 76 | ||
| Assessment | 76 | ||
| Aetiology (see Chapter 1) | 78 | ||
| Mechanisms of Discolouration | 78 | ||
| Review | 79 | ||
| Inside/Outside Bleaching (Figs 3.39–3.55) | 80 | ||
| ‘Walking’ Bleach Technique | 86 | ||
| Protocol for Inside/Outside Bleaching | 87 | ||
| First appointment | 87 | ||
| Making the tray | 88 | ||
| Second appointment | 88 | ||
| Instructions for patients | 89 | ||
| Problems and Troubleshooting | 90 | ||
| Poor Patient Compliance | 90 | ||
| The Neck of the Tooth Does Not Bleach | 90 | ||
| Failure to Bleach | 90 | ||
| Combined Aetiology of Discolouration | 91 | ||
| ‘Walking Bleach’ | 91 | ||
| ‘Chairside’/‘in-Surgery’ Bleaching | 91 | ||
| ‘Restorative’ Alternatives to Bleaching Non-Vital, Discoloured Teeth (see also Table 3.2) | 92 | ||
| Veneers | 92 | ||
| Crowns and Post Crowns | 93 | ||
| Further reading | 97 | ||
| 4 Direct Anterior Esthetic Dentistry With Resin Composites | 101 | ||
| Introduction | 102 | ||
| Decision Making | 102 | ||
| Verbal Communication | 102 | ||
| Communication ladder | 104 | ||
| Visual Communication | 108 | ||
| Digital imaging | 108 | ||
| Direct resin composite mock-up | 108 | ||
| Colour determination | 109 | ||
| Resin composite build-up | 110 | ||
| Direct Anterior Esthetics | 111 | ||
| Seminal literature | 116 | ||
| Further reading | 116 | ||
| References | 116 | ||
| 5 Direct Esthetics: | 121 | ||
| Introduction | 122 | ||
| Clinical Case 5.1 | 122 | ||
| Clinical Case 5.2 | 128 | ||
| Clinical Case 5.3 | 136 | ||
| Clinical Case 5.4 | 139 | ||
| References | 144 | ||
| 6 Direct Posterior Esthetics: | 147 | ||
| Introduction | 148 | ||
| Treatment Options | 148 | ||
| Indirect Options | 149 | ||
| Direct Options | 149 | ||
| The Nijmegen ‘Direct Shaping by Occlusion’ Approach | 150 | ||
| Evidence | 156 | ||
| Seminal literature | 157 | ||
| References | 157 | ||
| 7 Direct Posterior Esthetics: | 161 | ||
| Introduction | 162 | ||
| Clinical Case | 162 | ||
| 8 Minimally Invasive Replacement of Missing Teeth: | 193 | ||
| Introduction | 194 | ||
| Prevalence of Tooth Loss | 194 | ||
| Aetiology of Tooth Loss | 195 | ||
| Reasons for Replacing Lost Teeth | 195 | ||
| Esthetics | 195 | ||
| Function | 196 | ||
| Psychological Factors | 196 | ||
| Phonetics | 196 | ||
| Prevention of Tooth Movement | 196 | ||
| Options for the Management of Missing Teeth | 196 | ||
| Non-Operative Management | 198 | ||
| Re-Implantation | 199 | ||
| Early Extractions | 200 | ||
| Orthodontics | 200 | ||
| Transplantation | 200 | ||
| Removable Prosthodontics | 201 | ||
| Implants | 203 | ||
| Fixed Prosthodontics | 203 | ||
| Simple Cantilever Bridgework | 203 | ||
| Partial Coverage Bridge Retainers | 205 | ||
| Metal–Ceramic Resin-Bonded Bridges | 205 | ||
| Advantages of Resin-Bonded Bridges | 206 | ||
| Conservative | 206 | ||
| Minimum long-term damage | 207 | ||
| Esthetics | 207 | ||
| Versatility | 207 | ||
| Patient popularity | 208 | ||
| Disadvantages of Resin-Bonded Bridgework | 209 | ||
| Technique sensitivity | 209 | ||
| Esthetics | 209 | ||
| Trial cementation and temporization | 210 | ||
| Longevity | 210 | ||
| Guidelines for Success with Resin-Bonded Bridgework | 210 | ||
| Patient Factors | 211 | ||
| Clinical Factors | 211 | ||
| Abutment teeth | 211 | ||
| Span length | 211 | ||
| Pontic space | 212 | ||
| Occlusal factors | 212 | ||
| Maintenance | 212 | ||
| Operator Factors | 212 | ||
| Bridge design | 212 | ||
| Simple cantilever design | 213 | ||
| Fixed/fixed designs | 213 | ||
| Fixed/movable designs | 213 | ||
| Hybrid designs | 214 | ||
| Pontic design | 214 | ||
| Gingival surface | 214 | ||
| Occlusal surface | 214 | ||
| Abutment preparation design | 215 | ||
| Impressions | 217 | ||
| Cementation | 217 | ||
| Laboratory Factors | 219 | ||
| Communication | 219 | ||
| Materials | 219 | ||
| Management of Failure in Resin-Bonded Bridgework | 220 | ||
| Re-Cementing Resin-Bonded Bridges | 220 | ||
| Management of Unilateral De-Cementation | 221 | ||
| Clinical Case 8.1: Minimally Invasive Simple Cantilever Bridge | 222 | ||
| Assessment | 222 | ||
| Treatment opinions | 222 | ||
| Preparation | 223 | ||
| Impression and temporization | 224 | ||
| Materials | 224 | ||
| Cementation | 226 | ||
| Clinical Case 8.2: Resin-Bonded Bridgework | 226 | ||
| Reason for attendance | 226 | ||
| History, examination and diagnosis | 226 | ||
| Occlusal examination | 228 | ||
| Study models | 228 | ||
| Treatment options | 229 | ||
| Care plan | 230 | ||
| Shade and form selection | 231 | ||
| Tooth preparation (opposing teeth) | 232 | ||
| Axial preparation | 232 | ||
| Occlusal preparation and proximal grooves | 234 | ||
| Occlusal preparation | 234 | ||
| Proximal grooves | 234 | ||
| Impression | 235 | ||
| Temporization | 235 | ||
| Model check | 236 | ||
| Restoration design and manufacture | 237 | ||
| Materials | 237 | ||
| Alloy framework | 237 | ||
| Composite | 238 | ||
| Porcelain | 238 | ||
| Shade test | 239 | ||
| Extraction | 239 | ||
| Isolation | 240 | ||
| Try-in | 241 | ||
| Restoration surface preparation | 241 | ||
| Tooth surface preparation | 242 | ||
| Washing and drying | 242 | ||
| Adhesive | 244 | ||
| Luting resin | 244 | ||
| Cementation | 245 | ||
| Dual curing | 247 | ||
| Crown cementation | 247 | ||
| Light curing | 247 | ||
| Rubber dam removal | 249 | ||
| Esthetic assessment | 249 | ||
| Occlusal assessment | 249 | ||
| Oral hygiene | 251 | ||
| Review | 251 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 253 | ||
| Further reading | 253 | ||
| References | 254 | ||
| 9 Minimally Invasive Replacement of Missing Teeth: | 257 | ||
| Introduction | 258 | ||
| Minimally Invasive Tooth Replacement with Resin Composite Materials | 258 | ||
| Fibre-Reinforced Composite Resin-Bonded Bridges | 261 | ||
| Indications for FRC-RBBs | 261 | ||
| Contra-indications for FRC-RBBs | 262 | ||
| Moisture control | 262 | ||
| Functional contra-indications | 262 | ||
| Technique sensitivity | 263 | ||
| How does fibre-reinforcement work? | 263 | ||
| Fibre type | 263 | ||
| Fibre volume | 265 | ||
| Bonding of fibres to the matrix | 265 | ||
| Fibre orientation | 265 | ||
| Position of the fibres in the framework | 266 | ||
| Veneering resin composite | 266 | ||
| Designing FRC-RBBs | 268 | ||
| Tooth preparation | 268 | ||
| Framework design | 269 | ||
| Retainer design | 269 | ||
| Extra-coronal | 269 | ||
| Surface-retained | 269 | ||
| Inlay-retained | 270 | ||
| Hybrid design | 270 | ||
| Longevity of FRC-RBBs | 270 | ||
| Failure | 270 | ||
| Minimally Invasive Tooth Replacement with All-Ceramic Materials | 272 | ||
| Introduction | 272 | ||
| Materials for All-Ceramic Rbbs | 272 | ||
| Zirconia–yttria bridges | 272 | ||
| Advantages of All-Ceramic Bridges | 273 | ||
| Strength | 273 | ||
| Rigidity | 273 | ||
| Fracture resistance | 273 | ||
| Transformation toughening | 273 | ||
| Thermal conductivity | 274 | ||
| Biocompatibility | 274 | ||
| Radiopacity | 274 | ||
| Esthetics | 274 | ||
| Marginal fit | 275 | ||
| Disadvantages of All-Ceramic Bridges | 276 | ||
| Longevity | 278 | ||
| Failure | 278 | ||
| Clinical Case 9.1: Direct Fibre-Reinforced Composite Resin-Bonded Bridge | 280 | ||
| Case history | 280 | ||
| Care plan | 280 | ||
| Design | 281 | ||
| Fixed/fixed design | 281 | ||
| Retainer design | 282 | ||
| Technique tips | 282 | ||
| Isolation | 283 | ||
| Measuring the fibre | 283 | ||
| Tooth surface preparation | 284 | ||
| Adhesive | 285 | ||
| Fibre placement | 286 | ||
| Flowable composite | 286 | ||
| Increasing fibre volume | 286 | ||
| Light-cure framework | 288 | ||
| Composite placement | 288 | ||
| Crown form preparation | 288 | ||
| Pontic construction | 288 | ||
| Gingival contour | 291 | ||
| Light curing | 291 | ||
| Crown form removal | 291 | ||
| Finishing | 291 | ||
| Rubber dam removal | 294 | ||
| Embrasure contour | 294 | ||
| Occlusal adjustment | 294 | ||
| Restoration assessment | 294 | ||
| Review | 294 | ||
| Clinical Case 9.2: Indirect Fibre-Reinforced Composite Resin-Bonded Bridge | 297 | ||
| Indications | 297 | ||
| Minimally invasive preparation | 297 | ||
| Preparation complete | 297 | ||
| Model construction | 299 | ||
| Framework construction | 299 | ||
| Veneering composite placement | 300 | ||
| Try-in/fit surface preparation | 301 | ||
| Tooth surface preparation | 301 | ||
| Cementation | 302 | ||
| Finishing | 303 | ||
| Restoration check | 303 | ||
| Review | 303 | ||
| Clinical Case 9.3: All-Ceramic Resin-Bonded Bridge | 305 | ||
| Case history | 305 | ||
| Care plan | 305 | ||
| Preparation | 306 | ||
| Connector design | 307 | ||
| Impression | 308 | ||
| Provisional restoration | 308 | ||
| Computer aided design | 308 | ||
| Framework manufacture | 310 | ||
| Veneering porcelain | 310 | ||
| Surface preparation | 310 | ||
| Try-in | 310 | ||
| Tooth surface preparation | 313 | ||
| Adhesive | 314 | ||
| Luting cement | 314 | ||
| Cementation | 315 | ||
| Finishing and polishing | 315 | ||
| Restoration assessment | 316 | ||
| Review | 317 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 318 | ||
| Further reading | 318 | ||
| References | 319 | ||
| Index | 323 | ||
| A | 323 | ||
| B | 323 | ||
| C | 323 | ||
| D | 324 | ||
| E | 325 | ||
| F | 325 | ||
| G | 326 | ||
| H | 326 | ||
| I | 326 | ||
| J | 327 | ||
| L | 327 | ||
| M | 327 | ||
| N | 328 | ||
| O | 328 | ||
| P | 328 | ||
| Q | 328 | ||
| R | 328 | ||
| S | 330 | ||
| T | 330 | ||
| U | 331 | ||
| V | 331 | ||
| W | 331 | ||
| Y | 331 | ||
| Z | 323 |