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Sleep and Psychiatry in Children, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics, E-Book

Sleep and Psychiatry in Children, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics, E-Book

John Herman

(2015)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Following their issue on Sleep and Psychiatry in Adults, Drs. John Herman and Max Hirshkowitz have assembled an expert panel of authors in the topic of Sleep and Psychiatry in Children. Articles include:Kleine-Levin Syndrome;Sleep in Patient with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder;ADHD and Sleep: Diagnosis and Treatment; Relations Between Sleep, Personality, Behavioral Problems, and School Performance in Adolescents;Anxiety Disorders and Sleep in Children and Adolescents;Emotional and Cognitive Impact;REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Children, Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Sleep and Psychiatry in \rChildren i
Copyright\r ii
PROGRAM OBJECTIVE iii
TARGET AUDIENCE iii
LEARNING OBJECTIVES iii
ACCREDITATION iii
DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST iii
UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE iii
TO ENROLL iii
METHOD OF PARTICIPATION iii
CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS iv
SLEEP MEDICINE CLINICS\r v
FORTHCOMING ISSUES v
September 2015 v
December 2015 v
March 2016 v
RECENT ISSUES v
March 2015 v
December 2014 v
September 2014 v
Contributors vii
CONSULTING EDITOR vii
EDITORS vii
AUTHORS vii
Contents ix
Preface: Sleep Medicine and Psychiatric Disorders in Children\r ix
Emotional and Cognitive Impact of Sleep Restriction in Children\r ix
The Relations Between Sleep, Personality, Behavioral Problems, and School Performance in Adolescents\r ix
Anxiety Disorders and Sleep in Children and Adolescents\r ix
Sleep in Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder\r ix
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep in Children\r x
Kleine-Levin Syndrome\r x
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder During Childhood\r x
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder, Cognitive Functioning, and Behavioral-Psychiatric Syndromes in Children\r x
Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities\r xi
Preface: Sleep Medicine and Psychiatric Disorders in Children \r xiii
REFERENCES xiv
Emotional and Cognitive Impact of Sleep Restriction in Children 107
Key points 107
INTRODUCTION 107
POOR SLEEP AND SLEEPINESS 110
POOR SLEEP AND EMOTIONAL FUNCTIONING 110
POOR SLEEP AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING 111
MECHANISMS MEDIATING SLEEP LOSS EFFECTS 111
The Vigilance Hypothesis 111
The Neuropsychological Hypothesis 112
The Controlled Attention Hypothesis 112
Summary of Hypotheses 112
SUMMARY 113
REFERENCES 113
The Relations Between Sleep, Personality, Behavioral Problems, and School Performance in Adolescents 117
Key points 117
SLEEP NEEDS AND PATTERNS IN ADOLESCENTS 117
PERSONALITY TRAITS AS RISK FACTORS FOR SLEEP PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENTS 118
SLEEP AND BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENTS 119
SLEEP AND SCHOOL PERFORMANCE IN ADOLESCENTS 119
INTERVENTIONS FOR SLEEP PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENTS 120
SUMMARY 121
REFERENCES 121
Anxiety Disorders and Sleep in Children and Adolescents 125
Key points 125
INTRODUCTION 125
METHODOLOGIC ISSUES 125
Definition of Sleep Problems 126
Measurement of Sleep 126
Conceptualization of Anxiety 126
CONCURRENT ASSOCIATIONS 126
Sleep and Combined Anxiety/Depression 126
Sleep and Anxiety 126
Clinical Samples 127
LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS 127
POTENTIAL MECHANISMS 128
Twin Studies 128
Specifying Genetic and Environmental Factors 128
Pathways Through Which Genetic and Environmental Factors Work 129
Hormonal Factors 129
Regulatory Systems 129
Cognitive Processes 129
SUMMARY 129
REFERENCES 130
Sleep in Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 133
Key points 133
INTRODUCTION 133
SLEEP IN ADULTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER 134
SUMMARY OF ADULT-BASED STUDIES 136
SLEEP IN CHILDREN WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER 136
SUMMARY ON PEDIATRIC FINDINGS 137
TREATMENT OF SLEEP PROBLEMS COMORBID WITH PEDIATRIC OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER 137
SUMMARY 139
REFERENCES 139
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep in Children 143
Key points 143
INTRODUCTION 143
IS THE SLEEP OF CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER DISTURBED? 144
SLEEP DISORDERS AND ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 145
THE QUESTION OF EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS AND ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 145
ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER COMORBID WITH OTHER PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES 146
PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 146
ADENOTONSILLECTOMY AS TREATMENT FOR ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 146
SUMMARY 147
REFERENCES 147
Kleine-Levin Syndrome 151
Key points 151
EPIDEMIOLOGY 151
SYMPTOMS 151
Hypersomnia 152
Cognitive Impairment 153
Derealization 154
Odd Behavior 154
Psychiatric Problems 154
Autonomic Symptoms 155
CLINICAL FORMS 155
EVOLUTION OF THE DISEASE 155
Duration and Frequency of Episodes 155
Disease Duration 155
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 155
Organic Diagnoses 155
Psychiatric Diagnoses 157
TESTS 157
Brain Imaging 157
Electroencephalography 157
Sleep Studies 157
Biological Markers 158
Neuropathology 158
MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT 159
SUMMARY 159
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 160
REFERENCES 160
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder During Childhood 163
Key points 163
INTRODUCTION 163
PERSPECTIVE FROM SLEEP ONTOGENESIS 163
PREVALENCE 164
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 164
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 164
DIAGNOSIS 165
MANAGEMENT 166
FUTURE DIRECTIONS 166
REFERENCES 166
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder, Cognitive Functioning, and Behavioral-Psychiatric Syndromes in Children 169
Key points 169
INTRODUCTION 169
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS 169
CONSEQUENCES OF SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING 170
BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES 170
Hyperactivity 170
Inattention 170
Aggressive Behaviors 171
Teacher Report of Behavior 171
COGNITIVE OUTCOMES 171
Intelligence 172
Memory 172
Academic Performance 172
Executive Functions and Higher Cognitive Reasoning 173
Psychiatric Outcomes 173
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 173
Depression 173
Anxiety Disorders 174
Conduct Disorder 174
The Role of the Prefrontal Cortex 174
SUMMARY 175
REFERENCES 175
Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities 181
Key points 181
INTRODUCTION 181
PHARMACOLOGIC STUDIES 181
Diverse Developmental Disabilities 181
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associated Genetic Conditions 182
Smith–Magenis Syndrome 183
Angelman Syndrome 183
SUMMARY/DISCUSSION 186
REFERENCES 186