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Book Details
Abstract
Understand how a patient’s conditions might affect physical therapy and outcomes so that you can design safe and effective interventions. The only pathology textbook written specifically for physical therapists, Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist, Third Edition, offers guidelines, precautions, and contraindications for interventions with patients who have musculoskeletal or neuromuscular problems as well as other conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, or pancreatitis. Learn about the cause of these conditions, the pathogenesis, medical diagnosis and treatment, and most importantly, the special implications for the therapist. In addition to addressing specific diseases and conditions, this text emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention strategies and covers issues with implications for physical therapy management, such as injury, inflammation, and healing; the lymphatic system; and biopsychosocial–spiritual impacts on health care. With this practical and evidence-based text, now enhanced with full-color illustrations and the latest research, you’ll know what to factor into your clinical decisions to achieve the best outcomes for your patients.
- Incorporates the Medical Model, the Disablement Model, and the ICF Model
- Incorporates Preferred Practice Patterns from the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition throughout the text
- Presents key information in at-a-glance format that is organized by body system for easy reference
- Provides the basic science information and the clinical implications of disease within the rehabilitation process, covering common illnesses and diseases, adverse effects of drugs, organ transplantation, laboratory values, and much more
- Focuses on health promotion and disease prevention throughout
- “Special Implications for the Therapist sections present the most likely practice patterns associated with each disease or disorder and address precautions, contraindications, and considerations specific to PTs.
- Current information on conditions, medical testing and treatment, and practice models keeps you up-to-date on the latest research findings and recent changes in the field.
- Companion Evolve site provides easy access to articles referenced in the text with links to Medline.
- Tables and text boxes throughout the text summarize important information and highlight key points.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | Cover | ||
| Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist | iii | ||
| Copyright page | iv | ||
| CONTRIBUTORS | v | ||
| CHAPTER AND SECTION REVIEWERS | vii | ||
| Dedication | ix | ||
| FOREWORD | xi | ||
| PREFACE | xiii | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | xv | ||
| Table of contents | xvii | ||
| SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
| CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Concepts of Pathology | 1 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS OF DISEASE | 1 | ||
| CONCEPTS OF HEALTH, ILLNESS, AND DISABILITY | 1 | ||
| THEORIES OF HEALTH AND ILLNESS | 7 | ||
| HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION | 9 | ||
| GENETIC ASPECTS OF DISEASE | 11 | ||
| CHAPTER 2: Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction | 17 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 17 | ||
| CLINICAL MODELS OF HEALTH | 18 | ||
| VARIATIONS IN CLIENT POPULATIONS | 19 | ||
| LIFESTYLE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HEALTH | 26 | ||
| BEHAVIORAL INFLUENCES ON HEALTH | 44 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIERS TO HEALTH CARE | 52 | ||
| CHAPTER 3: The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care | 54 | ||
| PSYCHOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTH CARE | 54 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 57 | ||
| EFFECTS OF TRAUMA ON BRAIN DEVELOPMENT | 58 | ||
| BRAIN FUNCTION: A REVIEW OF ORGANIZATION AND HEALING POTENTIAL | 63 | ||
| SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSION | 71 | ||
| SPECIAL ROLE OF THE PHYSICAL THERAPIST | 73 | ||
| SPECIFIC PSYCHOLOGIC CONDITIONS | 74 | ||
| CHRONIC PAIN DISORDERS | 105 | ||
| MOOD DISORDERS | 109 | ||
| SUICIDE | 118 | ||
| CHAPTER 4: Environmental and Occupational Medicine | 121 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 121 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE | 122 | ||
| OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND DISEASES | 138 | ||
| CHAPTER 5: Problems Affecting Multiple Systems | 150 | ||
| SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF PATHOLOGY | 150 | ||
| ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS | 152 | ||
| SPECIFIC DRUG CATEGORIES | 156 | ||
| RADIATION INJURIES | 166 | ||
| CHEMOTHERAPY | 173 | ||
| SPECIFIC DISORDERS AFFECTING MULTIPLE SYSTEMS | 179 | ||
| FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES | 182 | ||
| ACID-BASE IMBALANCES | 192 | ||
| CHAPTER 6: Injury, Inflammation, and Healing | 197 | ||
| CELLULAR AGING | 197 | ||
| CELL INJURY | 198 | ||
| TISSUE HEALING | 208 | ||
| PHASES OF HEALING | 215 | ||
| SPECIFIC TISSUE OR ORGAN REPAIR | 230 | ||
| SECTION 2: CLINICAL MEDICINE | 241 | ||
| CHAPTER 7: The Immune System | 241 | ||
| TYPES OF IMMUNITY | 241 | ||
| THE IMMUNE RESPONSE | 242 | ||
| AGING AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM | 250 | ||
| FACTORS AFFECTING IMMUNITY | 251 | ||
| INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE IMMUNE AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS | 252 | ||
| EXERCISE IMMUNOLOGY | 253 | ||
| IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASES | 255 | ||
| HYPERSENSITIVITY DISORDERS | 277 | ||
| AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES | 280 | ||
| ISOIMMUNE DISEASE | 296 | ||
| CHAPTER 8: Infectious Disease | 298 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 299 | ||
| AGING AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 301 | ||
| INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 301 | ||
| SPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 315 | ||
| VIRAL INFECTIONS | 326 | ||
| MISCELLANEOUS INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 339 | ||
| CHAPTER 9: Oncology | 348 | ||
| DEFINITIONS | 348 | ||
| CLASSIFICATIONS OF NEOPLASM | 349 | ||
| INCIDENCE | 351 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 352 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 353 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 357 | ||
| INVASION AND METASTASES | 359 | ||
| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 363 | ||
| MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF CANCER | 368 | ||
| CANCER, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND EXERCISE TRAINING | 385 | ||
| CHILDHOOD CANCER | 390 | ||
| CHAPTER 10: The Integumentary System | 392 | ||
| SKIN LESIONS | 392 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SKIN DISEASE | 392 | ||
| AGING AND THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM | 396 | ||
| COMMON SKIN DISORDERS | 398 | ||
| SKIN INFECTIONS | 402 | ||
| SKIN CANCER | 410 | ||
| SKIN DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION | 421 | ||
| THERMAL INJURIES | 433 | ||
| MISCELLANEOUS INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS | 442 | ||
| CHAPTER 11: The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems | 453 | ||
| ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | 453 | ||
| SPECIFIC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS | 461 | ||
| METABOLIC SYSTEM | 515 | ||
| SPECIFIC METABOLIC DISORDERS | 517 | ||
| CHAPTER 12: The Cardiovascular System | 519 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | 519 | ||
| AGING AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM | 524 | ||
| GENDER DIFFERENCES AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM | 525 | ||
| DISEASES AFFECTING THE HEART MUSCLE | 528 | ||
| DISEASE AFFECTING THE CARDIAC NERVOUS SYSTEM | 588 | ||
| DISEASES AFFECTING THE HEART VALVES | 594 | ||
| DISEASES AFFECTING THE PERICARDIUM | 605 | ||
| DISEASES AFFECTING THE BLOOD VESSELS | 607 | ||
| OTHER CARDIAC CONSIDERATIONS | 637 | ||
| CHAPTER 13: The Lymphatic System | 642 | ||
| ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY | 642 | ||
| INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION IN THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM | 647 | ||
| CHAPTER 14: The Hematologic System | 678 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS | 678 | ||
| AGING AND THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM | 681 | ||
| BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS | 681 | ||
| DISORDERS OF IRON ABSORPTION | 684 | ||
| DISORDERS OF ERYTHROCYTES | 685 | ||
| DISORDERS OF LEUKOCYTES | 690 | ||
| NEOPLASTIC DISEASES OF THE BLOOD AND LYMPH SYSTEMS | 693 | ||
| DISORDERS OF HEMOSTASIS | 716 | ||
| CHAPTER 15: The Respiratory System | 742 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 742 | ||
| AGING AND THE PULMONARY SYSTEM | 746 | ||
| INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES | 749 | ||
| OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASES | 759 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES | 783 | ||
| NEAR DROWNING | 787 | ||
| CONGENITAL DISORDERS | 788 | ||
| PARENCHYMAL DISORDERS | 799 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE PULMONARY VASCULATURE | 816 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE PLEURAL SPACE | 822 | ||
| CHAPTER 16: The Gastrointestinal System | 828 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE | 828 | ||
| AGING AND THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM | 832 | ||
| THE ESOPHAGUS | 833 | ||
| THE STOMACH | 841 | ||
| THE INTESTINES | 848 | ||
| THE APPENDIX | 875 | ||
| THE PERITONEUM | 878 | ||
| THE RECTUM | 879 | ||
| CHAPTER 17: The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems | 881 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HEPATIC DISEASE | 881 | ||
| AGING AND THE HEPATIC SYSTEM | 883 | ||
| HEALING IN THE HEPATIC SYSTEM | 883 | ||
| LIVER | 884 | ||
| PANCREAS | 912 | ||
| BILIARY | 918 | ||
| CHAPTER 18: The Renal and Urologic Systems | 927 | ||
| AGING AND THE RENAL AND UROLOGIC SYSTEMS | 927 | ||
| INFECTIONS | 928 | ||
| RENAL DISORDERS | 932 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE BLADDER AND URETHRA | 950 | ||
| CHAPTER 19: The Male Genital/Reproductive System | 964 | ||
| AGING AND THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 964 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE PROSTATE | 964 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE TESTES | 978 | ||
| CHAPTER 20: The Female Genital/Reproductive System | 986 | ||
| AGING AND THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 986 | ||
| EXERCISE AND THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 994 | ||
| SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION | 994 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE UTERUS AND FALLOPIAN TUBES | 995 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE OVARIES | 1005 | ||
| PELVIC FLOOR DISORDERS | 1010 | ||
| BREAST DISEASE | 1015 | ||
| CHAPTER 21: Transplantation | 1037 | ||
| INCIDENCE | 1037 | ||
| TYPES OF TRANSPLANTATION | 1037 | ||
| ORGAN PROCUREMENT AND ALLOCATION | 1039 | ||
| ADVANCES AND RESEARCH IN TRANSPLANTATION | 1045 | ||
| BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL IMPLICATIONS | 1048 | ||
| POSTTRANSPLANT COMPLICATIONS | 1051 | ||
| ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION AND EXERCISE, ACTIVITY, AND SPORTS | 1056 | ||
| HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION | 1059 | ||
| ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION | 1066 | ||
| SECTION 3: PATHOLOGY OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM | 1099 | ||
| CHAPTER 22: Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System | 1099 | ||
| ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL BIOTECHNOLOGY | 1100 | ||
| BIOLOGIC RESPONSE TO TRAUMA | 1100 | ||
| AGING AND THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM | 1101 | ||
| THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM AND EXERCISE | 1104 | ||
| MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM DISEASE | 1106 | ||
| CHAPTER 23: Genetic and Developmental Disorders | 1108 | ||
| DOWN SYNDROME | 1108 | ||
| SCOLIOSIS | 1111 | ||
| KYPHOSCOLIOSIS | 1116 | ||
| SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA, MENINGOCELE, MYELOMENINGOCELE | 1116 | ||
| DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP | 1126 | ||
| NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS | 1130 | ||
| TORTICOLLIS | 1145 | ||
| ERB’S PALSY | 1147 | ||
| OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA | 1150 | ||
| ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA | 1154 | ||
| CHAPTER 24: Metabolic Disorders | 1157 | ||
| OSTEOPOROSIS | 1157 | ||
| OSTEOMALACIA | 1173 | ||
| PAGET’S DISEASE | 1176 | ||
| CHAPTER 25: Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System | 1182 | ||
| OSTEOMYELITIS | 1182 | ||
| INFECTIONS OF PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS | 1187 | ||
| DISKITIS | 1191 | ||
| INFECTIOUS (SEPTIC) ARTHRITIS | 1192 | ||
| INFECTIOUS (INFLAMMATORY) MUSCLE DISEASE | 1195 | ||
| EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS | 1197 | ||
| SUMMARY OF SPECIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE THERAPIST | 1200 | ||
| CHAPTER 26: Musculoskeletal Neoplasms | 1201 | ||
| PRIMARY TUMORS | 1201 | ||
| PRIMARY BENIGN BONE TUMORS | 1209 | ||
| PRIMARY MALIGNANT BONE TUMORS | 1212 | ||
| MULTIPLE MYELOMA | 1222 | ||
| PRIMARY SOFT TISSUE TUMORS | 1223 | ||
| METASTATIC TUMORS | 1229 | ||
| CHAPTER 27: Soft Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders | 1235 | ||
| SOFT TISSUE | 1235 | ||
| JOINT | 1250 | ||
| BONE | 1294 | ||
| SECTION 4: PATHOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM | 1319 | ||
| CHAPTER 28: Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders | 1319 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 1319 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 1319 | ||
| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS | 1326 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 1344 | ||
| TREATMENT | 1346 | ||
| PROGNOSIS | 1348 | ||
| CHAPTER 29: Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System | 1352 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 1352 | ||
| MENINGITIS | 1352 | ||
| ENCEPHALITIS | 1356 | ||
| BRAIN ABSCESS | 1361 | ||
| PRION DISEASE | 1362 | ||
| CHAPTER 30: Central Nervous System Neoplasms | 1365 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 1365 | ||
| PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS | 1367 | ||
| SPECIFIC PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS | 1369 | ||
| PRIMARY INTRASPINAL TUMORS | 1393 | ||
| METASTATIC TUMORS | 1396 | ||
| PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES | 1399 | ||
| LEPTOMENINGEAL CARCINOMATOSIS | 1400 | ||
| PEDIATRIC TUMORS | 1400 | ||
| CHAPTER 31: Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System | 1402 | ||
| AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS | 1402 | ||
| ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE, ALZHEIMER’S DEMENTIA, AND VARIANTS | 1411 | ||
| DYSTONIA | 1419 | ||
| HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE | 1422 | ||
| MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS | 1425 | ||
| PARKINSONISM AND PARKINSON’S DISEASE | 1437 | ||
| CHAPTER 32: Stroke | 1449 | ||
| STROKE | 1449 | ||
| VASCULAR DISORDERS OF THE SPINAL CORD | 1471 | ||
| CHAPTER 33: Traumatic Brain Injury | 1477 | ||
| TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY | 1477 | ||
| TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN CHILDREN | 1493 | ||
| CHAPTER 34 :Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury | 1496 | ||
| SPINAL CORD INJURY | 1496 | ||
| CHAPTER 35: Cerebral Palsy | 1517 | ||
| CEREBRAL PALSY | 1517 | ||
| CHAPTER 36: Epilepsy | 1532 | ||
| EPILEPSY | 1532 | ||
| CHAPTER 37: Headache | 1547 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 1547 | ||
| PRIMARY HEADACHES | 1548 | ||
| SECONDARY HEADACHES | 1561 | ||
| CHAPTER 38: Vestibular Disorders | 1566 | ||
| VESTIBULAR DISORDERS | 1566 | ||
| CHAPTER 39: The Peripheral Nervous System | 1595 | ||
| STRUCTURE | 1595 | ||
| PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CHANGES WITH AGING | 1595 | ||
| RESPONSE TO INJURY | 1597 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF NERVE INJURY | 1597 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF NEUROPATHY | 1599 | ||
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PERIPHERAL DYSFUNCTION | 1599 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS AND DIAGNOSIS OF PERIPHERAL DYSFUNCTION | 1601 | ||
| HEREDITARY NEUROPATHIES | 1601 | ||
| MECHANICAL INJURIES: COMPRESSION AND ENTRAPMENT SYNDROMES | 1604 | ||
| METABOLIC NEUROPATHIES | 1617 | ||
| INFECTIONS/INFLAMMATIONS | 1621 | ||
| CANCER-INDUCED | 1628 | ||
| TOXINS | 1629 | ||
| MOTOR ENDPLATE DISORDERS | 1631 | ||
| BOTULISM | 1633 | ||
| ABNORMAL RESPONSE IN PERIPHERAL NERVES | 1634 | ||
| CHAPTER 40: Laboratory Tests and Values | 1637 | ||
| LABORATORY TESTS | 1637 | ||
| BASIC METABOLIC PANEL | 1639 | ||
| COMPREHENSIVE METABOLIC PANEL | 1644 | ||
| COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT | 1646 | ||
| BLOOD TESTS | 1648 | ||
| ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE | 1651 | ||
| HEMOSTASIS | 1652 | ||
| CARDIOVASCULAR LAB TESTS | 1654 | ||
| SERUM HORMONES | 1660 | ||
| IMMUNOLOGIC | 1661 | ||
| URINALYSIS | 1662 | ||
| DRUG SCREENING | 1663 | ||
| MICROBIOLOGIC STUDIES | 1663 | ||
| PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS | 1664 | ||
| FLUID ANALYSIS | 1666 | ||
| APPENDIX A: Summary of Standard Precautions | 1669 | ||
| HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 1669 | ||
| UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS | 1669 | ||
| STANDARD PRECAUTIONS | 1670 | ||
| SOURCES OF POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FOR THE THERAPIST | 1671 | ||
| APPENDIX B: Guidelines for Activity and Exercise | 1674 | ||
| MEDICATIONS AND EXERCISE | 1674 | ||
| GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING VITAL SIGNS | 1674 | ||
| GUIDELINES FOR AQUATIC PHYSICAL THERAPY | 1681 | ||
| INDEX | 1685 |