Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
The definitive reference for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of small animal infections, Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, 4th Edition delivers current, comprehensive information essential to the management of infectious diseases caused by viruses, rickettsiae, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, and unknown agents. Each section guides you through diagnostic testing for specific microorganisms, from sample collection to laboratory submission to interpretation of results, then details appropriate treatment measures and pharmacologic considerations for the various related infections. Full-color illustrations and hundreds of tables provide quick, convenient access to diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, and thoroughly updated drug information helps you confidently administer appropriate dosages for the most effective treatment and prevention.
- The most comprehensive infectious disease coverage available helps you confidently address clinical problems related to infectious diseases in dogs and cats, and includes:
- Immunization strategies and environmental control of infections
- Immunodeficiency disorders
- Prevention of infection in multi-pet and shelter settings
- Immunocompromised people and their pets
- Vibrant full-color illustrations clarify disease features and modes of disease transmission for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and disease prevention.
- Convenient tables deliver therapeutic recommendations and drug dosages at a glance.
- Complete antimicrobial drug formulary provides fast, easy access to indications, recommended dosages, and pharmacologic considerations essential for all relevant pharmaceuticals.
- State-of-the-art diagnostic testing procedures help you ensure accurate diagnoses for all clinically relevant pathogens.
- Content reflects the expert insight and vast clinical experience of a panel of trusted authorities on small animal infectious diseases.
- Easy-to-use companion website provides convenient online access to additional images, tables, boxes, appendices, and references linked directly to original PubMed abstracts.
- Expanded coverage of zoonoses, zoonotic potential, and precautions helps you effectively monitor and treat zoonotic infections.
- Fully updated drug formulary reflects the most current pharmacokinetics, indications, contraindications, handling and administration guidelines, and dosage recommendations available.
- Updated content throughout the text details current diagnostic testing regimens and therapeutic and preventive considerations for all pathogens you're likely to encounter in the clinical setting.
- Special focus on disease incidence and susceptibility in traveling animals helps you alert animal owners to potential risks associated with pet travel.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat | i | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| Dedication | xii | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Acknowledgments | xiv | ||
| Table Of Contents | xv | ||
| I Viral, Rickettsial, and Chlamydial Diseases | 1 | ||
| 1 Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral and Rickettsial Infections and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Disease | 1 | ||
| Clinical Relevance | 1 | ||
| Diagnostic Assay Interpretation | 2 | ||
| Sample Selection and Preservation | 3 | ||
| Laboratory Analysis | 4 | ||
| Viral Infections | 4 | ||
| Rickettsial Infections | 4 | ||
| Recognition of Newly Emerging Viral and Rickettsial Infections | 4 | ||
| Serodiagnosis and Immune Assessment | 5 | ||
| Molecular Diagnostics | 5 | ||
| Clinical Epidemiology | 8 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e1 | ||
| 2 Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Chemotherapy | 10 | ||
| Antivirals | 10 | ||
| Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors | 10 | ||
| Zidovudine | 11 | ||
| Stampidine and Stavudine | 12 | ||
| Didanosine | 12 | ||
| Zalcitabine | 13 | ||
| Lamivudine | 13 | ||
| Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors | 13 | ||
| Suramin | 13 | ||
| Nucleoside Analogue DNA/RNA Synthesis Inhibitors | 14 | ||
| Acyclovir | 14 | ||
| Valacyclovir | 14 | ||
| Cidofovir | 14 | ||
| Penciclovir | 15 | ||
| Ganciclovir | 15 | ||
| Vidarabine | 15 | ||
| Idoxuridine | 15 | ||
| Trifluridine | 15 | ||
| Antisense Oligonucleotides | 15 | ||
| Nucleotide Synthesis Inhibitors | 15 | ||
| Foscarnet | 15 | ||
| Ribavirin | 16 | ||
| Receptor Homologues/Antagonists | 16 | ||
| Plerixafor | 16 | ||
| Neuraminidase Inhibitors | 16 | ||
| Oseltamivir | 17 | ||
| Ion Channel Blockers | 17 | ||
| Amantadine | 17 | ||
| Peptides | 17 | ||
| l-Lysine | 17 | ||
| Immunomodulators | 17 | ||
| Interferons | 18 | ||
| Human Interferon-α | 18 | ||
| Feline Interferon-ω | 19 | ||
| Cytokines and Growth factors | 20 | ||
| Filgrastim | 20 | ||
| Sargramostim | 20 | ||
| Erythropoietin | 21 | ||
| Interleukin-2 | 21 | ||
| Interleukin-8 | 21 | ||
| Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 | 21 | ||
| Inducers of Interferons and Other Cytokines | 21 | ||
| Staphylococcal Protein A | 22 | ||
| Propionibacterium acnes | 22 | ||
| Bacille Calmette-Guérin | 22 | ||
| Serratia marcescens | 22 | ||
| Parapoxvirus Avis and Parapoxvirus Ovis | 23 | ||
| Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid | 23 | ||
| Acemannan | 23 | ||
| Other Drugs with Immunomodulatory Activity | 23 | ||
| Levamisole | 23 | ||
| Diethylcarbamazine | 23 | ||
| Cimetidine | 24 | ||
| Lactoferrin | 24 | ||
| Polyprenyl Immunostimulant | 24 | ||
| Liposomes | 24 | ||
| Nosodes | 24 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e8 | ||
| 3 Canine Distemper | 25 | ||
| Etiology | 25 | ||
| Epidemiology | 26 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 26 | ||
| Systemic Infection | 26 | ||
| Central Nervous System Infection | 30 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 31 | ||
| Systemic Signs | 31 | ||
| Skin Lesions | 31 | ||
| Neurologic Signs | 31 | ||
| Transplacental Infection | 32 | ||
| Neonatal Infections | 32 | ||
| Bone Lesions | 33 | ||
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | 33 | ||
| Ocular Signs | 33 | ||
| Combined Infections | 33 | ||
| Diagnosis | 33 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 33 | ||
| Radiology | 34 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance | 34 | ||
| Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis | 34 | ||
| Immunocytology | 35 | ||
| Immunohistochemistry | 35 | ||
| Nucleic Acid Detection | 36 | ||
| Serum Antibody Testing | 36 | ||
| Viral Isolation | 36 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 36 | ||
| Therapy | 37 | ||
| Prevention | 38 | ||
| Nonliving Antigen Vaccines | 39 | ||
| Vector Vaccines | 39 | ||
| Modified Live Virus Vaccines | 39 | ||
| Measles Vaccines | 40 | ||
| Vaccine Failures | 41 | ||
| Serum Antibody Monitoring and Duration of Immunity | 41 | ||
| Environmental Control | 42 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 42 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e17 | ||
| 4 Infectious Canine Hepatitis and Canine Acidophil Cell Hepatitis | 42 | ||
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis | 42 | ||
| Etiology | 42 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 43 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 43 | ||
| Diagnosis | 44 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 45 | ||
| Therapy | 46 | ||
| Prevention | 47 | ||
| Maternal Immunity | 47 | ||
| Vaccination | 47 | ||
| Canine Acidophil Cell Hepatitis | 47 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e27 | ||
| 5 Canine Herpesvirus Infection | 48 | ||
| Etiology | 48 | ||
| Epidemiology | 49 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 49 | ||
| In Utero Infection | 49 | ||
| Systemic Neonatal Infection | 50 | ||
| Adult Genital Infection | 50 | ||
| Adult Respiratory Infection | 51 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 51 | ||
| Neonatal Puppies | 51 | ||
| Older Puppies and Adult Dogs | 51 | ||
| Ocular Infection | 51 | ||
| Diagnosis | 52 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 52 | ||
| Viral Isolation | 52 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 52 | ||
| Organism Detection | 52 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 52 | ||
| Therapy | 53 | ||
| Prevention | 54 | ||
| Vaccination and Immunotherapy | 54 | ||
| Husbandry | 54 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 54 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e28 | ||
| 6 Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease | 55 | ||
| Etiology | 55 | ||
| Viruses | 55 | ||
| Bacteria and Mycoplasmas | 56 | ||
| Epidemiology | 57 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 57 | ||
| Viruses | 57 | ||
| Canine Parainfluenza Virus | 57 | ||
| Canine Influenza Virus | 58 | ||
| Canine Adenovirus Type 2 | 58 | ||
| Canine Distemper Virus | 58 | ||
| Canine Respiratory Coronavirus | 58 | ||
| Canine Herpesvirus | 58 | ||
| Canine Reovirus | 58 | ||
| Bacteria and Mycoplasmas | 58 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 59 | ||
| Diagnosis | 60 | ||
| Therapy | 61 | ||
| Antimicrobials | 61 | ||
| Glucocorticoids | 62 | ||
| Antitussives | 62 | ||
| Bronchodilators | 62 | ||
| Aerosol Therapy | 62 | ||
| Supportive Care | 62 | ||
| Treatments Not Recommended | 62 | ||
| Antiviral Therapy | 62 | ||
| Intranasal Vaccination | 62 | ||
| Expectorants | 63 | ||
| Prevention | 63 | ||
| Maternal Immunity | 63 | ||
| Natural Immunity | 63 | ||
| Vaccination | 63 | ||
| Management of Outbreaks | 65 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 65 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e32 | ||
| 7 Nonrespiratory Paramyxovirus Infections of Dogs | 65 | ||
| Parainfluenza Virus-5 Infection | 65 | ||
| Etiology | 65 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 66 | ||
| Diagnosis | 66 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 66 | ||
| Therapy and Prevention | 66 | ||
| Mumps | 66 | ||
| Nipah and Hendra Virus Infections | 67 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READING | e36 | ||
| 8 Canine Viral Enteritis | 67 | ||
| Canine Parvovirus Enteritis | 67 | ||
| Etiology | 67 | ||
| Epidemiology | 68 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 68 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 68 | ||
| Parvovirus Enteritis | 68 | ||
| Neurologic Disease | 68 | ||
| Cutaneous Disease | 69 | ||
| Canine Parvovirus-2 Myocarditis | 69 | ||
| Thrombosis | 70 | ||
| Bacteriuria | 70 | ||
| Intravenous Catheter Infection | 70 | ||
| Diagnosis | 70 | ||
| Organism Detection | 70 | ||
| Antibody Detection | 71 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 71 | ||
| Therapy | 71 | ||
| Prevention | 73 | ||
| Immunity After Infection | 73 | ||
| Immunization and Duration of Immunity | 73 | ||
| Maternal Antibody Interference | 74 | ||
| Heterologous Strain Protection | 74 | ||
| Reversion to Virulence | 74 | ||
| Experimental Vaccines | 75 | ||
| Husbandry | 75 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 75 | ||
| Canine Parvovirus-1 Infection | 75 | ||
| Etiology | 75 | ||
| Epidemiology | 75 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 75 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 75 | ||
| Diagnosis | 75 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 76 | ||
| Therapy and Prevention | 76 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 76 | ||
| Canine Coronavirus Enteritis | 76 | ||
| Etiology | 76 | ||
| Epidemiology | 77 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 77 | ||
| II Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Diseases | 277 | ||
| 29 Laboratory Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections | 277 | ||
| Diagnostic Methods | 277 | ||
| Direct Microscopic Examination | 277 | ||
| Isolation and Identification | 278 | ||
| Specimen Collection | 278 | ||
| Collection Devices and Transport | 279 | ||
| Blood | 279 | ||
| Urine | 279 | ||
| Transudates and Exudates | 280 | ||
| Feces | 280 | ||
| Tissue Samples | 280 | ||
| Specimen Submission, History, and Signalment | 280 | ||
| Interpretation of Culture Results | 280 | ||
| Normal Flora | 280 | ||
| Quantitation of Growth | 281 | ||
| Absence of Specified Pathogens | 281 | ||
| No-Growth Cultures | 281 | ||
| Molecular Detection and Identification | 281 | ||
| Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests | 281 | ||
| Indications | 282 | ||
| Test Methods | 282 | ||
| Interpretations | 283 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 283 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e214 | ||
| 30 Antibacterial Chemotherapy | 283 | ||
| β-Lactam Drugs | 285 | ||
| Penicillins | 285 | ||
| Natural Penicillins | 285 | ||
| β-Lactamase-Resistant Penicillins | 286 | ||
| Aminopenicillins | 287 | ||
| Carboxypenicillins | 287 | ||
| Ureidopenicillins | 287 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 287 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 287 | ||
| Toxicity | 287 | ||
| Other β-Lactam Drugs | 288 | ||
| Monobactams | 288 | ||
| Carbapenems | 288 | ||
| β-Lactamase Inhibitors | 288 | ||
| Clavulanate | 288 | ||
| Sulbactam | 288 | ||
| Tazobactam | 288 | ||
| Cephalosporins | 289 | ||
| First Generation | 289 | ||
| Second Generation | 289 | ||
| Third Generation | 289 | ||
| Antipseudomonal Cephalosporins | 291 | ||
| Fourth Generation | 291 | ||
| Indications | 291 | ||
| Toxicity | 291 | ||
| Phosphonic Acids | 291 | ||
| Aminoglycosides | 291 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 292 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 293 | ||
| Toxicity | 293 | ||
| Spectinomycin | 294 | ||
| Peptides | 294 | ||
| Vancomycin | 294 | ||
| Teicoplanin and Dalbavancin | 294 | ||
| Polymyxins | 294 | ||
| Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol, and Thiamphenicol | 295 | ||
| Administration | 295 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 295 | ||
| Indications | 295 | ||
| Toxicity | 295 | ||
| Tetracyclines | 295 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 296 | ||
| Indications | 296 | ||
| Toxicity | 297 | ||
| Macrolides and Lincosamides | 297 | ||
| Erythromycin | 297 | ||
| Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, and Tulathromycin | 298 | ||
| Tylosin | 298 | ||
| Lincomycin and Clindamycin | 298 | ||
| Metronidazole | 299 | ||
| Novobiocin | 299 | ||
| Nitrofurans | 299 | ||
| Sulfonamides | 299 | ||
| Diaminopyrimidines-Sulfonamides | 301 | ||
| Quinolones | 301 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 301 | ||
| Indications | 303 | ||
| Drug Resistance | 304 | ||
| Toxicity | 305 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Tract | 305 | ||
| Cardiovascular System | 305 | ||
| Central Nervous System | 306 | ||
| Eye | 306 | ||
| Liver | 306 | ||
| Kidney | 306 | ||
| Skeleton | 306 | ||
| Reproductive Organs | 306 | ||
| Skin | 306 | ||
| Systemic Reactions | 306 | ||
| Glucose Homeostasis | 306 | ||
| Streptogramins and Oxazolidinones | 306 | ||
| Pleuromutilins | 307 | ||
| Ketolides | 307 | ||
| Urinary Antiseptics | 307 | ||
| Antituberculous Drugs | 307 | ||
| Isoniazid | 307 | ||
| Rifampin (Rifampicin) | 307 | ||
| Rifabutin | 307 | ||
| Ethambutol | 307 | ||
| Miscellaneous Drugs | 308 | ||
| Drugs against Rapidly Growing Opportunistic Mycobacteria | 308 | ||
| Topical Antibacterial Drugs | 308 | ||
| Bacitracin | 308 | ||
| Mupirocin | 308 | ||
| Fusidic Acid | 308 | ||
| Topical Buffered EDTA Solution | 308 | ||
| Safety of Antibacterial Drugs and Guidelines for Selection | 308 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e215 | ||
| 31 Hemotropic Mycoplasmosis (Hemobartonellosis) | 310 | ||
| Etiology | 310 | ||
| Hemotropic Mycoplasmas in Cats | 310 | ||
| Hemotropic Mycoplasma Organisms in Dogs | 310 | ||
| Epidemiology and Pathogenesis | 312 | ||
| Prevalence of Infection | 312 | ||
| Cats | 313 | ||
| Dogs | 315 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 315 | ||
| Cats | 315 | ||
| III Fungal and Algal Diseases | 571 | ||
| 54 Laboratory Diagnosis of Fungal and Algal Infections | 571 | ||
| Specimens for Laboratory Diagnosis | 571 | ||
| Sample Collection | 571 | ||
| Transportation and Preservation | 572 | ||
| Processing of Specimens | 572 | ||
| Direct Examination | 572 | ||
| Wet Mounts | 572 | ||
| Fixed Smears | 574 | ||
| Histopathologic Findings | 575 | ||
| Isolation | 575 | ||
| Identification | 576 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 579 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e383 | ||
| 55 Antifungal Chemotherapy | 579 | ||
| Systemic Antifungals | 579 | ||
| Griseofulvin | 580 | ||
| Iodides | 580 | ||
| Amphotericin B and Other Polyenes | 581 | ||
| Flucytosine | 582 | ||
| Azole Derivatives | 582 | ||
| Ketoconazole | 582 | ||
| Itraconazole | 583 | ||
| Fluconazole | 584 | ||
| Voriconazole | 584 | ||
| Posaconazole | 584 | ||
| Terbinafine | 584 | ||
| Inhibitors of Chitin Synthesis and Cell Wall Synthesis | 584 | ||
| Echinocandins | 584 | ||
| Other Drugs | 585 | ||
| Combination Therapy | 585 | ||
| Immunotherapy | 585 | ||
| Antifibrotic Therapy | 585 | ||
| Antifungal Drug Use in Pregnancy | 586 | ||
| Fungal Biofilms | 586 | ||
| Antifungal Resistance | 586 | ||
| Adjunctive Surgical Therapy | 586 | ||
| Topical Antifungals | 586 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e384 | ||
| 56 Cutaneous Fungal Infections | 588 | ||
| Dermatophytosis | 588 | ||
| Etiology | 588 | ||
| Pathogenic Dermatophytes | 588 | ||
| Fungal Microflora on the Hair and Skin | 588 | ||
| Epidemiology | 589 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 589 | ||
| Transmission and Predisposing Factors | 589 | ||
| Virulence Factors | 590 | ||
| Immunologic Factors | 590 | ||
| Dermatophyte Antigens. | 590 | ||
| Acquired Immunity During Infection. | 590 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 591 | ||
| Cat | 591 | ||
| Dog | 591 | ||
| Diagnosis | 592 | ||
| Wood’s Light Examination | 592 | ||
| Direct Microscopic Examination | 593 | ||
| Fungal Culture | 593 | ||
| Specimen Collection. | 593 | ||
| Special Specimen Collection Situations. | 593 | ||
| Media, Incubation, and Interpretation. | 593 | ||
| Microscopic Confirmation. | 595 | ||
| Histopathologic Findings | 595 | ||
| Therapy | 595 | ||
| Clipping of the Haircoat | 595 | ||
| Topical Therapy | 596 | ||
| Systemic Therapy | 597 | ||
| Imidazoles and Triazoles. | 597 | ||
| Terbinafine. | 598 | ||
| Griseofulvin. | 598 | ||
| Lufenuron. | 598 | ||
| Duration of Treatment and Follow-up Examinations | 599 | ||
| Using Fungal Culture Results For Making Treatment And Monitoring Decisions. | 599 | ||
| Treatment Failure | 599 | ||
| Environmental Control | 600 | ||
| Special Considerations for Infected Multiple-Animal Facilities | 600 | ||
| Prevention | 601 | ||
| Vaccine Development | 602 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 602 | ||
| Pet Owners and Animal Health Workers | 602 | ||
| Interspecies Transmission | 602 | ||
| Malassezia Dermatitis | 602 | ||
| Etiology | 602 | ||
| Epidemiology | 603 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 603 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 603 | ||
| Dogs | 603 | ||
| Cats | 603 | ||
| Diagnosis | 604 | ||
| Therapy | 605 | ||
| Topical Therapy | 605 | ||
| Systemic Therapy | 605 | ||
| Prevention | 605 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 606 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e391 | ||
| 57 Blastomycosis | 606 | ||
| Etiology | 606 | ||
| Epidemiology | 606 | ||
| Natural Reservoir | 606 | ||
| Geographic Distribution | 607 | ||
| Mode of Infection | 607 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 607 | ||
| Host Signalment | 607 | ||
| Dissemination of Organisms | 607 | ||
| Host Response | 608 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 608 | ||
| Dogs | 608 | ||
| Cats | 610 | ||
| Diagnosis | 610 | ||
| Medical Imaging | 610 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Testing | 610 | ||
| Microscopic Identification | 610 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 611 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 611 | ||
| Therapy | 611 | ||
| Antibacterial Therapy | 611 | ||
| Amphotericin B | 611 | ||
| Itraconazole and Other Azoles | 611 | ||
| Dogs. | 611 | ||
| Cats. | 612 | ||
| Adverse Effects. | 612 | ||
| Prognosis | 612 | ||
| Treatment of Relapse | 613 | ||
| Prevention | 613 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 614 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e399 | ||
| 58 Histoplasmosis | 614 | ||
| Etiology | 614 | ||
| Epidemiology | 614 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 614 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 615 | ||
| Cats | 615 | ||
| Dogs | 615 | ||
| Diagnosis | 616 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 616 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 616 | ||
| Endoscopic Findings | 616 | ||
| Transtracheal Wash and Bronchoalveolar Lavage | 617 | ||
| Cytologic and Histologic Findings | 617 | ||
| Cerebrospinal Fluid and Urine Sediment Examination | 618 | ||
| Fungal Isolation | 618 | ||
| Immunodiagnosis | 618 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 618 | ||
| Therapy | 619 | ||
| Antifungal Drugs | 619 | ||
| Anti-inflammatory Drugs | 620 | ||
| Immunostimulants | 620 | ||
| Prevention | 620 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 621 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e402 | ||
| 59 Cryptococcosis | 621 | ||
| Etiology | 621 | ||
| Epidemiology | 622 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 622 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 624 | ||
| Cats | 624 | ||
| Dogs | 625 | ||
| Diagnosis | 626 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 626 | ||
| Specimen Collection | 627 | ||
| Cytologic Findings | 627 | ||
| Tissue Biopsy | 628 | ||
| Fungal Isolation | 628 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 628 | ||
| Nucleic Acid Detection | 629 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 629 | ||
| Cats | 629 | ||
| Dogs | 629 | ||
| Therapy | 630 | ||
| Surgical Intervention | 630 | ||
| Therapeutic Agents | 630 | ||
| Amphotericin B | 631 | ||
| Flucytosine | 631 | ||
| Fluconazole | 632 | ||
| Itraconazole | 632 | ||
| Ketoconazole | 632 | ||
| Voriconazole and Posaconazole | 632 | ||
| Management Regimens | 632 | ||
| Cats with Mild to Moderate Disease without CNS Involvement | 632 | ||
| Cats with Severe Disease, with CNS Involvement, or Failing to Respond to Azoles | 633 | ||
| Dogs | 633 | ||
| Long-Term Follow-Up | 633 | ||
| Prognosis | 633 | ||
| Therapeutic Perspective | 634 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 634 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e405 | ||
| 60 Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis | 634 | ||
| Coccidioidomycosis | 634 | ||
| Etiology | 634 | ||
| Epidemiology | 636 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 637 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 637 | ||
| Dogs | 637 | ||
| Cats | 637 | ||
| Diagnosis | 638 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 638 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 638 | ||
| Cytologic Findings | 639 | ||
| Biopsy Findings | 639 | ||
| Fungal Isolation | 639 | ||
| Organism Detection | 640 | ||
| Antibody Detection | 640 | ||
| Dogs. | 640 | ||
| Cats. | 640 | ||
| Skin Testing | 640 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 641 | ||
| Therapy | 641 | ||
| Ketoconazole | 642 | ||
| Itraconazole and Fluconazole | 643 | ||
| Other Triazoles | 643 | ||
| Amphotericin B | 643 | ||
| Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors | 643 | ||
| Echinocandins | 643 | ||
| Lufenuron | 644 | ||
| Terbinafine | 644 | ||
| Immunotherapy | 644 | ||
| Surgery | 644 | ||
| Prognosis | 644 | ||
| Prevention | 644 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 644 | ||
| Paracoccidioidomycosis | 645 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e411 | ||
| 61 Sporotrichosis | 645 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 645 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 646 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 646 | ||
| Dogs | 646 | ||
| Cats | 646 | ||
| Diagnosis | 647 | ||
| Sample Collection | 647 | ||
| Cytologic Findings | 647 | ||
| Fungal Isolation | 647 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 648 | ||
| Immunohistochemical Testing | 648 | ||
| Genetic Detection | 648 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 648 | ||
| Therapy | 648 | ||
| Cat | 649 | ||
| Dogs | 650 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 650 | ||
| Handling the Patient | 650 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e415 | ||
| 62 Aspergillosis and Penicilliosis | 651 | ||
| Canine Sinonasal Aspergillosis-Penicilliosis | 651 | ||
| Etiology | 651 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 651 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 652 | ||
| Diagnosis | 653 | ||
| Cytologic and Histopathologic Findings | 653 | ||
| Organism Cultivation | 653 | ||
| Antibody Testing | 654 | ||
| Antigen Detection | 654 | ||
| Genetic Detection | 654 | ||
| Medical Imaging Procedures | 654 | ||
| Endoscopic Evaluation | 655 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 656 | ||
| Therapy | 656 | ||
| Systemic Therapy | 656 | ||
| Topical Therapy | 656 | ||
| Surgery | 659 | ||
| Prognosis | 659 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 659 | ||
| Feline Sinonasal and Sinoorbital Aspergillus Fumigatus Complex and Penicillium Infections | 659 | ||
| Etiology | 659 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 660 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 660 | ||
| Diagnosis | 661 | ||
| Therapy | 662 | ||
| Canine Disseminated Aspergillosis | 662 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 662 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 663 | ||
| Diagnosis | 663 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 663 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 663 | ||
| Organism Identification | 663 | ||
| Antibody Testing | 664 | ||
| Antigen Detection | 664 | ||
| Genetic Detection | 664 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 664 | ||
| Therapy and Prognosis | 664 | ||
| Feline Disseminated Aspergillosis | 666 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e420 | ||
| 63 Candidiasis and Rhodotorulosis | 666 | ||
| Candidiasis | 666 | ||
| Etiology | 666 | ||
| Epidemiology | 667 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 667 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 668 | ||
| Diagnosis | 668 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 669 | ||
| Therapy | 669 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 671 | ||
| Rhodotorulosis | 671 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e426 | ||
| 64 Trichosporonosis | 672 | ||
| Etiology | 672 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 673 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 673 | ||
| Diagnosis | 673 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 674 | ||
| Therapy | 674 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 675 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e429 | ||
| 65 Miscellaneous Fungal Infections | 675 | ||
| Pythiosis | 677 | ||
| Etiology | 677 | ||
| Epidemiology | 678 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 678 | ||
| Diagnosis | 679 | ||
| Culture | 679 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 679 | ||
| Molecular Assays | 679 | ||
| Immunohistochemistry | 679 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 680 | ||
| Therapy | 680 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 681 | ||
| Lagenidiosis | 681 | ||
| Etiology | 681 | ||
| Epidemiology | 681 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 681 | ||
| Diagnosis | 682 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 682 | ||
| Fungal Culture | 682 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 682 | ||
| Therapy | 682 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 683 | ||
| Zygomycosis | 683 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 683 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 683 | ||
| Diagnosis | 684 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 684 | ||
| Therapy | 684 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 684 | ||
| Hyalohyphomycosis | 684 | ||
| Etiology | 685 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 685 | ||
| Diagnosis and Pathologic Findings | 685 | ||
| Therapy | 685 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 685 | ||
| Phaeohyphomycosis | 685 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 685 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 686 | ||
| Subcutaneous and Dermal Phaeohyphomycosis | 686 | ||
| Cerebral (Encephalitic or Brain Abscess) Phaeohyphomycosis | 687 | ||
| Disseminated Phaeohyphomycosis | 687 | ||
| Diagnosis | 687 | ||
| Therapy | 687 | ||
| IV Protozoal Diseases | 711 | ||
| 70 Laboratory Diagnosis of Protozoal Infections | 711 | ||
| Microscopic Examination | 711 | ||
| Feces | 711 | ||
| Collection and Storage of Feces | 711 | ||
| Examination of Feces | 711 | ||
| Direct Saline Smear. | 711 | ||
| Stained Smear. | 712 | ||
| Fecal Flotation. | 712 | ||
| Preservation of Feces | 714 | ||
| Whole Blood | 714 | ||
| Collection | 715 | ||
| Preparation of Blood Films | 715 | ||
| Thin Films. | 715 | ||
| Thick Films. | 715 | ||
| Staining Blood Films | 715 | ||
| Examination of Blood Films | 715 | ||
| Other Samples | 715 | ||
| Histopathology | 715 | ||
| Other Body Fluids | 715 | ||
| Fine-Needle Aspirates | 715 | ||
| Impression Smears | 715 | ||
| Culture and Animal Inoculation | 716 | ||
| Feces | 716 | ||
| Whole Blood | 716 | ||
| Xenodiagnosis | 716 | ||
| Other Samples | 716 | ||
| Antigen Detection | 716 | ||
| Molecular Genetic Detection | 717 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 717 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e447 | ||
| 71 Antiprotozoal Chemotherapy | 718 | ||
| Azo-Naphthalene Drugs | 718 | ||
| Acridine Dyes | 718 | ||
| Quinoline and Quinolone Derivatives | 718 | ||
| Aromatic Diamidines | 718 | ||
| Nitroimidazoles | 718 | ||
| Benzimidazoles | 720 | ||
| Azoles | 720 | ||
| Ionophores | 721 | ||
| Antimonials | 721 | ||
| Antibacterials | 721 | ||
| Miscellaneous Drugs | 721 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e448 | ||
| 72 Trypanosomiasis | 722 | ||
| American Trypanosomiasis | 722 | ||
| Etiology and Life Cycle | 722 | ||
| Epidemiology | 722 | ||
| Trypanosoma cruzi Infection | 722 | ||
| Trypanosoma evansi Infection | 725 | ||
| Trypanosoma caninum species novum Infection | 726 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 726 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 726 | ||
| Dogs | 726 | ||
| Cats | 727 | ||
| Diagnosis | 727 | ||
| Electrocardiographic Findings | 727 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 727 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 727 | ||
| Cytologic Findings | 727 | ||
| Antibody Detection | 727 | ||
| Molecular Genetic Testing | 728 | ||
| Parasite Isolation and Xenodiagnosis | 728 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 728 | ||
| Gross Lesions | 728 | ||
| Histopathologic Lesions | 728 | ||
| Therapy | 728 | ||
| Prevention | 729 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 730 | ||
| African Trypanosomiasis | 730 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 730 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 731 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 731 | ||
| Dogs | 731 | ||
| Cats | 731 | ||
| Diagnosis and Pathologic Findings | 733 | ||
| V Clinical Problems | 853 | ||
| 82 Neurologic Diseases of Suspected Infectious Origin and Prion Disease | 853 | ||
| Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis | 853 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 853 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 854 | ||
| Diagnosis | 854 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 854 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 854 | ||
| Surgical Biopsy | 854 | ||
| Molecular Genetic Testing | 854 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 855 | ||
| Therapy | 855 | ||
| Necrotizing Encephalitis | 856 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 856 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 857 | ||
| Diagnosis | 857 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 857 | ||
| Therapy | 857 | ||
| Hydrocephalus with Periventricular Encephalitis in Dogs | 858 | ||
| Etiology | 858 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 858 | ||
| Diagnosis | 858 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 858 | ||
| Therapy | 858 | ||
| Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in Greyhounds | 858 | ||
| Canine Leukoencephalopathy and Parvovirus Infection | 859 | ||
| Feline Poliomyelitis | 860 | ||
| Etiology | 860 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 860 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 860 | ||
| Therapy | 860 | ||
| Steroid-Responsive Meningitis-Arteritis | 860 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 860 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 861 | ||
| Diagnosis | 861 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 861 | ||
| Therapy | 861 | ||
| Prion Diseases and Feline Spongiform Encephalopathy | 862 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 862 | ||
| Epidemiology | 863 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 863 | ||
| Diagnosis | 863 | ||
| Pathologic Findings | 863 | ||
| Therapy | 863 | ||
| Prevention | 864 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 864 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e531 | ||
| 83 Heartworm Disease | 865 | ||
| Canine Heartworm Disease | 865 | ||
| Etiology | 865 | ||
| Epidemiology | 865 | ||
| Geographic Distribution | 865 | ||
| Transmission | 865 | ||
| Life Cycle | 866 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 866 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 868 | ||
| Diagnosis | 868 | ||
| Radiography | 868 | ||
| Clinical Laboratory Findings | 868 | ||
| Microfilarial Detection | 868 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 868 | ||
| Therapy | 870 | ||
| Melarsomine | 870 | ||
| Macrocyclic Lactones | 870 | ||
| Doxycycline | 870 | ||
| Prednisone | 871 | ||
| Multimodal Approach | 871 | ||
| Prevention | 872 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 873 | ||
| Feline Heartworm Disease | 873 | ||
| Etiology and Epidemiology | 873 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 873 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 874 | ||
| Diagnosis | 875 | ||
| Radiology | 875 | ||
| Echocardiography | 876 | ||
| Microfilarial Detection | 876 | ||
| Serologic Testing | 876 | ||
| Antigen Detection. | 876 | ||
| Antibody Detection. | 876 | ||
| Therapy | 876 | ||
| Prevention | 877 | ||
| Public Health Considerations | 877 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e538 | ||
| 84 Integumentary Infections | 877 | ||
| Bacterial Infections of the Skin | 877 | ||
| Etiology and Pathogenesis | 878 | ||
| Normal Microflora of the Skin and Hair | 878 | ||
| Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Other Canine Cutaneous Pathogens | 878 | ||
| Microbial Alterations with Skin Disease | 878 | ||
| Zoonotic Potential of Skin Pathogens | 879 | ||
| Susceptibility and Host Response to Infection | 879 | ||
| Classification of Pyoderma | 879 | ||
| Surface Pyoderma. | 879 | ||
| Superficial Pyoderma. | 880 | ||
| Deep Pyoderma. | 880 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 880 | ||
| Primary Skin Lesions | 880 | ||
| Secondary Skin Lesions | 880 | ||
| Distribution of Lesions | 881 | ||
| Diagnosis | 881 | ||
| Differential Diagnoses | 881 | ||
| Skin Scrapings. | 881 | ||
| Cytologic Examination. | 882 | ||
| Skin Biopsy. | 882 | ||
| Bacterial Culture and Identification and Antibacterial Drug Susceptibility. | 882 | ||
| Evaluation for Immunocompetence | 882 | ||
| Therapy | 882 | ||
| Antibacterial Therapy | 882 | ||
| Topical Therapy | 884 | ||
| Immunomodulatory Therapy | 884 | ||
| Factors Contributing to Therapeutic Failure and Complicating Management | 884 | ||
| Assessment of Therapy | 885 | ||
| Recurrent Pyoderma | 885 | ||
| Otitis Externa | 885 | ||
| Anatomy | 885 | ||
| Etiology | 885 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 886 | ||
| Diagnosis | 887 | ||
| Cytologic Examination | 887 | ||
| Cultural Identification | 887 | ||
| Medical Imaging Findings | 888 | ||
| Additional Diagnostics | 888 | ||
| Therapy | 888 | ||
| Treatment for Otodectes cynotis | 888 | ||
| Cleansing Agents | 888 | ||
| Ceruminolytics. | 888 | ||
| Drying Agents. | 888 | ||
| Cleaning Techniques | 888 | ||
| Topical Glucocorticoid Therapy | 888 | ||
| Topical Antimicrobial Therapy | 889 | ||
| Systemic Glucocorticoid Therapy | 891 | ||
| Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy | 891 | ||
| Prognosis | 891 | ||
| References and Suggested Readings | e541 | ||
| 85 Musculoskeletal Infections | 892 | ||
| Osteomyelitis | 892 | ||
| Etiology | 892 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 892 | ||
| Hematogenous Spread | 892 | ||
| Posttraumatic Injuries | 893 | ||
| Biofilm | 893 | ||
| Clinical Findings | 893 | ||
| Metaphyseal Bacterial Osteomyelitis | 895 | ||
| Diagnosis | 895 | ||
| Therapy | 895 | ||
| Hematogenous Osteomyelitis | 896 | ||
| Acute Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis | 896 | ||
| Chronic Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis | 896 | ||
| Prevention | 899 | ||
| Diskospondylitis and Vertebral Osteomyelitis | 899 | ||
| Etiology | 899 | ||
| APPENDIX Antimicrobial Drug Formulary | 1207 | ||
| Professional Flexible Labeling | 1207 | ||
| References | 1207 | ||
| Acemannan | 1207 | ||
| Activated Protein C | 1208 | ||
| Acyclovir | 1208 | ||
| Albendazole | 1208 | ||
| Allopurinol | 1209 | ||
| Amantadine | 1210 | ||
| Amicarbalide Isethionate | 1210 | ||
| Amikacin | 1211 | ||
| Amoxicillin | 1211 | ||
| Amoxicillin-Clavulanate | 1212 | ||
| Amphotericin B | 1213 | ||
| Ampicillin | 1216 | ||
| Ampicillin-Sulbactam | 1217 | ||
| Amprolium | 1218 | ||
| Atovaquone | 1218 | ||
| Azithromycin | 1219 | ||
| Aztreonam | 1220 | ||
| Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) | 1221 | ||
| Baquiloprim-Sulfonamide | 1221 | ||
| Benznidazole | 1221 | ||
| Carbenicillin | 1222 | ||
| Caspofungin | 1222 | ||
| Cefaclor | 1223 | ||
| Cefadroxil | 1223 | ||
| Cefazolin | 1224 | ||
| Cefepime | 1225 | ||
| Cefixime | 1225 | ||
| Cefoperazone Sodium | 1226 | ||
| Cefotaxime Sodium | 1226 | ||
| Cefotetan Disodium | 1227 | ||
| Cefovecin Sodium | 1227 | ||
| Cefoxitin | 1228 | ||
| Cefpodoxime Proxetil | 1229 | ||
| Ceftazidime | 1230 | ||
| Ceftiofur | 1230 | ||
| Ceftriaxone | 1231 | ||
| Cefuroxime Axetil or Sodium | 1231 | ||
| Cephalexin | 1232 | ||
| Chloramphenicol | 1233 | ||
| Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride | 1234 | ||
| Clarithromycin | 1235 | ||
| Clindamycin | 1236 | ||
| Clofazimine | 1237 | ||
| Clotrimazole | 1238 | ||
| Dapsone | 1239 | ||
| Decoquinate | 1239 | ||
| Diclazuril | 1240 | ||
| Dicloxacillin | 1240 | ||
| Diethylcarbamazine | 1240 | ||
| Difloxacin | 1240 | ||
| Diiodohydroxyquin | 1241 | ||
| Diminazene Aceturate | 1241 | ||
| Doxycycline | 1242 | ||
| Drotrecogin Alfa (Recombinant Human Activated Protein C, rhapc) | 1244 | ||
| Endotoxin Antisera | 1244 | ||
| Enilconazole | 1245 | ||
| Enrofloxacin | 1246 | ||
| Ertapenem | 1249 | ||
| Erythromycin | 1250 | ||
| Erythropoietin (rHuEPO, EPO) | 1251 | ||
| Ethambutol | 1251 | ||
| Febantel (Combined with Praziquantel and Pyrantel Pamoate OR EMBONATE) | 1252 | ||
| Fenbendazole | 1252 | ||
| Filgrastim (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating or Hematopoietic Growth Factor, G-CSF) | 1253 | ||
| Florfenicol | 1254 | ||
| Fluconazole | 1254 | ||
| Flucytosine | 1255 | ||
| Foscarnet Sodium (Phosphonoformate) | 1256 | ||
| Fosfomycin | 1256 | ||
| Fumagillin | 1257 | ||
| Furazolidone | 1257 | ||
| Fusidic Acid | 1258 | ||
| Ganciclovir (Cytovene; Syntex) | 1259 | ||
| Gentamicin | 1259 | ||
| Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating or Hematopoietic Growth Factor (G-CSF; Filgrastim) | 1260 | ||
| Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating or Hematopoietic Growth Factor (GM-CSF: Sargramostim) | 1260 | ||
| Griseofulvin | 1260 | ||
| Hetacillin | 1261 | ||
| Ibafloxacin | 1261 | ||
| Idoxuridine | 1262 | ||
| Imidocarb Dipropionate | 1262 | ||
| Imipenem-Cilastatin Sodium | 1263 | ||
| Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1) | 1263 | ||
| Interferon-α (IFN-α), Human Recombinant | 1263 | ||
| Interferon-β1b, -β1a (IFN-β, Human Recombinant) | 1265 | ||
| Interferon-γ1b (IFN-γ, Human Recombinant) | 1265 | ||
| Interferon-ω (IFN-ω, Feline Recombinant) | 1265 | ||
| Iodide (Potassium and Sodium) | 1266 | ||
| Iodoquinol | 1267 | ||
| Ipronidazole | 1267 | ||
| Isoniazid (INH) | 1267 | ||
| Itraconazole | 1268 | ||
| Kanamycin | 1270 | ||
| Ketoconazole | 1271 | ||
| Lactoferrin | 1272 | ||
| Lamivudine | 1272 | ||
| Levamisole | 1272 | ||
| Lincomycin | 1272 | ||
| Linezolid | 1273 | ||
| l-Lysine | 1274 | ||
| Lufenuron | 1274 | ||
| Marbofloxacin | 1275 | ||
| Meglumine Antimoniate | 1276 | ||
| Melarsoprol | 1276 | ||
| Meropenem | 1277 | ||
| Methenamine Mandelate (or Hippurate) | 1278 | ||
| Metronidazole | 1278 | ||
| Miltefosine (Phosphocholine, Oleyl-PC, Hexadecylphosphocholine) | 1280 | ||
| Minocycline | 1280 | ||
| Moxifloxacin | 1281 | ||
| Mupirocin | 1282 | ||
| Mycobacterial Cell Wall Extract | 1282 | ||
| Neomycin | 1283 | ||
| Nifurtimox | 1283 | ||
| Nitazoxanide | 1284 | ||
| Nitrofurantoin | 1284 | ||
| Norfloxacin | 1285 | ||
| Novobiocin | 1285 | ||
| Orbifloxacin | 1286 | ||
| Ormetoprim-Sulfonamide | 1287 | ||
| Oseltamivir Phosphate | 1287 | ||
| Oxacillin | 1288 | ||
| Oxytetracycline | 1288 | ||
| Parapoxvirus Ovis and Parapoxvirus Ovis (Pind-AVI/Pind-ORF, Baypamun): Paraimmunity Inducer | 1289 | ||
| Paromomycin (Animosidine) | 1289 | ||
| Penicillin G | 1290 | ||
| Penicillin V Potassium (Phenoxymethylpenicillin) | 1291 | ||
| Pentamidine Isethionate | 1291 | ||
| Phenamidine Isethionate | 1292 | ||
| Piperacillin Sodium | 1292 | ||
| Piperacillin-Tazobactam | 1293 | ||
| Plerixafor | 1293 | ||
| Polyprenyl Immunostimulant | 1293 | ||
| Ponazuril | 1293 | ||
| Posaconazole | 1294 | ||
| Pradofloxacin | 1295 | ||
| Primaquine Phosphate | 1296 | ||
| Propionibacterium Acnes (Corynebacterium Parvum) | 1296 | ||
| Pyrimethamine (and Sulfonamide) | 1297 | ||
| Quinacrine (Mepacrine) Hydrochloride | 1297 | ||
| Quinupristin-Dalfopristin | 1298 | ||
| Ribavirin | 1298 | ||
| Rifampin (Rifampicin) | 1299 | ||
| Rifaximin | 1300 | ||
| Ronidazole | 1300 | ||
| Roxithromycin | 1301 | ||
| Sargramostim (Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating or Hematopoietic Growth Factor, GM-CSF) | 1301 | ||
| Serratia Marcescens (Besm, Imuvert) Immunostimulant | 1302 | ||
| Spectinomycin | 1302 | ||
| Spiramycin | 1302 | ||
| Staphylococcal Phage Lysate | 1303 | ||
| Staphylococcal Protein A | 1303 | ||
| Stibogluconate (Sodium) | 1303 | ||
| Streptomycin | 1304 | ||
| Sulfadiazine | 1304 | ||
| Sulfadimethoxine | 1305 | ||
| Sulfasalazine (Salicylazosulfapyridine) | 1305 | ||
| Suramin | 1306 | ||
| Teicoplanin | 1307 | ||
| Terbinafine | 1307 | ||
| Tetracycline | 1308 | ||
| Thiamphenicol | 1309 | ||
| Tiamulin | 1309 | ||
| Ticarcillin | 1310 | ||
| Ticarcillin-Clavulanate | 1311 | ||
| Tigecycline | 1311 | ||
| Tilmicosin | 1312 | ||
| Tinidazole | 1312 | ||
| Tobramycin | 1313 | ||
| Toltrazuril | 1313 | ||
| Trifluridine | 1314 | ||
| Trimethoprim-Sulfonamide | 1314 | ||
| Trimetrexate Glucuronate | 1315 | ||
| Tulathromycin | 1316 | ||
| Tylosin | 1316 | ||
| Valacyclovir (Valtrex, Smithkline) | 1317 | ||
| Vancomycin | 1317 | ||
| Vidarabine | 1318 | ||
| Voriconazole | 1318 | ||
| Zalcitabine | 1319 | ||
| Zidovudine | 1319 | ||
| References | e698 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 1 Recommendations for Core and Noncore Vaccinations of Dogsa | eapp1-1 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READINGS | eapp1-3 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 2 Recommendations for Core and Noncore Vaccinations of Cats | eapp2-1 | ||
| References AND SUGGESTED READINGS | eapp2-2 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 3 Canine and Feline Biologics Manufacturers and Products Available Worldwide | eapp3-1 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 4 Compendium of Animal Rabies Prevention and Control | eapp4-1 | ||
| Compendium of Animal Rabies Prevention and Control, 2011* | eapp4-1 | ||
| The NASPHV Committee | eapp4-1 | ||
| Consultants to the Committee | eapp4-1 | ||
| *Address All Correspondence To: | eapp4-1 | ||
| Endorsed by: | eapp4-1 | ||
| Part I. Rabies Prevention and Control | eapp4-1 | ||
| A. Principles of Rabies Prevention and Control | eapp4-1 | ||
| B. Prevention and Control Methods in Domestic and Confined Animals | eapp4-3 | ||
| C. Prevention and Control Methods Related to Wildlife | eapp4-5 | ||
| Part II. Recommendations for Parenteral Rabies Vaccination Procedures | eapp4-5 | ||
| III. Rabies Vaccines Licensed and Marketed in the U.S., 2011 | eapp4-6 | ||
| Rabies Vaccine Manufacturer Contact Information | eapp4-7 | ||
| References | eapp4-8 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 5 Laboratory Testing for Infectious Diseases of Dogs and Cats | eapp5-1 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 6 Manufacturers of Diagnostic Test Kits or Reagents and Their Products | eapp6-1 | ||
| WEB APPENDIX 7 Disease Rule-Outs for Medical Problems | eapp7-1 | ||
| Index | 1321 | ||
| A | 1321 | ||
| B | 1324 | ||
| C | 1326 | ||
| D | 1330 | ||
| E | 1332 | ||
| F | 1333 | ||
| G | 1335 | ||
| H | 1336 | ||
| I | 1338 | ||
| J | 1339 | ||
| K | 1339 | ||
| L | 1340 | ||
| M | 1341 | ||
| N | 1343 | ||
| O | 1344 | ||
| P | 1345 | ||
| Q | 1347 | ||
| R | 1347 | ||
| S | 1349 | ||
| T | 1351 | ||
| U | 1353 | ||
| V | 1353 | ||
| W | 1354 | ||
| X | 1354 | ||
| Y | 1354 | ||
| Z | 1354 | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Pageburst ad | E5 | ||
| Abbreviations Frequently Used Throughout the Text | E2 |