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Textbook of Community Children's Nursing E-Book

BOOK

Textbook of Community Children's Nursing E-Book

Anna Sidey | David Widdas

(2005)

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Additional Information

Book Details

ISBN
978-0-7020-3986-7
Edition
2
Language
English
Pages
404
Subjects
Medical profession
Public health & preventive medicine
Haematology
Paediatric nursing
Community nursing

Abstract

This exciting new edition is again structured into four main sections: Organisational facets; Philosophical issues; Dimensions of practice; and Advancing practice, and has been expanded to include detailed guidance on the commissioning and resourcing of services. It provides essential information for implementing the requirements of the children's National Service Framework that will support the expansion of Community Children's Nursing and enable it to move forward and away from fragmented service delivery. Bringing together the work of some of the most distinguished experts in the field, there is comprehensive coverage of the key aspects of Community Children's Nursing, including multi-disciplinary/interagency planning; provision of nursing services to sick children and their families in a range of community setting; and the needs of both the recipients and providers of care within the trajectory of acute, life-limiting and terminal illness.

  • The first - and only - book on this topic, addressed specifically at the Community Children's Nurse (CCN)
  • An authoritative guide to the principles underpinning the development of the specialty, which puts into context the scope of the CCN's work and clearly describes his/her place in the community team)
  • A balance of the theoretical and practical, presented by the key names in this field)
  • Offers up-to-date "evidence" which supports the development of this rapidly expanding specialty)
  • Foreword by Elizabeth Fradd, Independent Health Service Advisor, UK

New chapters have been added on the topics of:
  • Developing a national strategy and corporate identity for Community Children's Nursing
  • Delivering and funding care for children with complex needs
  • Strategic planning and commissioning of services
  • Benchmarking
  • Transitional care
The following chapters have been rewritten and expanded:
  • Young carers
  • Complementary therapies
  • Partnerships with the voluntary sector
  • Health promotion
  • Information management
The role of the Community Children's Nurse Manager is also explored in depth.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover\r Cover
Textbook of Community Children’s Nursing iii
Copyright Page iv
Table of Contents v
Contributors xi
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
SECTION 1: Organisational Facets Influencing the Professional Development of Community Children’s Nursing 1
Chapter 1. A short journey down along road: the emergence of professional bodies 3
INTRODUCTION 3
DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN NURSING 4
BIRTH OF THE PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS 6
PROFESSIONALISATION OF NURSING 8
SPECIALISATION 9
‘RE-EMERGENCE’ OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE 10
PRESSURES ON THE SYSTEM 12
THE FUTURE 15
CONCLUSION 15
REFERENCES 16
Chapter 2. 1888–2004: A historical overview of community children’s nursing 17
INTRODUCTION 17
EARLY DAYS 18
COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING IN THE EARLY YEARS OF THE NHS 20
THE CHILDREN’S NURSING UNIT IN ROTHERHAM 21
THE CHILDREN’S HOME NURSING SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM 22
THE PADDINGTON HOME CARE SCHEME 23
‘THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN IN HOSPITAL’ 24
AN INITIATIVE IN PAEDIATRIC DAY-CASE SURGERY IN SOUTHAMPTON IN 1969 26
A PROGRAMME OF INTEGRATED HOSPITAL AND HOME NURSING CARE FOR CHILDREN IN EDINBURGH 26
A SCHEME TO PROVIDE HOME NURSING CARE FOR SICK CHILDREN IN THEIR OWN HOMES IN GATESHEAD 27
A DIABETIC CLINIC FOR CHILDREN IN OXFORD 27
BRENT’S INTEGRATED PAEDIATRIC NURSING SERVICE 27
‘FIT FOR THE FUTURE’ 28
THE 1980s 28
1988–2004 31
CONCLUSION 38
REFERENCES 38
Chapter 3. A ‘new’ National Health Service 43
INTRODUCTION 43
PRINCIPAL FACTORS INFLUENCING SERVICE PROVISION FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE 44
CHILDREN’S NATIONAL SERVICE FRAMEWORK 46
CHILD PROTECTION 48
INTEGRATED CHILDREN’S SERVICES 49
INFLUENCING COMMISSIONING PRIORITIES 50
CONCLUSION 51
REFERENCES 52
Chapter 4. Role of the community children’s nurse in influencing healthcare policies 53
INTRODUCTION 53
WHY NURSES SHOULD INFLUENCE NATIONAL HEALTHCARE POLICY 54
NURSES’ RELUCTANCE TO PARTICIPATE IN POLICY MAKING 55
CHILDREN, CHILDREN’S NURSES AND HEALTHCARE POLICY 55
SPECIFIC DIFFICULTIES FOR COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSES 58
CHANGING TIMES 60
HOW CAN COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSES INFLUENCE HEALTHCARE POLICY? 61
CONCLUSION 65
REFERENCES 65
Chapter 5. Improved integration within public and community health 67
INTRODUCTION 67
THE DEVELOPING HEALTH AGENDA FOR INTEGRATED SERVICES 67
INTEGRATED NURSING TEAMS 70
THE DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION OF PRIMARY CARE TRUSTS 71
OPPORTUNITIES FOR COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING 72
HEALTH ACTION ZONES 72
HEALTHY LIVING CENTRES 73
SURE START 73
CONCLUSION 74
REFERENCES 74
Chapter 6. Working in partnership with the voluntary sector 75
INTRODUCTION 75
THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR 75
STRUCTURE AND FUNDING OF VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS 76
COMMISSIONING AND CONTRACTING 77
WHAT VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS DO 78
CONTACTING THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR 79
WORKING WITH THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR 79
CASE STUDIES 80
FUTURE OF THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR 81
CONCLUSION 82
REFERENCES 83
Chapter 7. Working in partnership with education 85
INTRODUCTION 85
HEALTH INEQUALITY AND EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL DISADVANTAGE 86
PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN COMMUNITY NURSING SERVICES AND EDUCATION: WHAT KINDS OF ROLES? 87
PRACTICAL HELP WITH MANAGING CHILDREN WITH MEDICAL CONDITIONS IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS 88
CONCLUSION: THE NHS AND EDUCATION – MESSAGES FOR THE FUTURE 90
REFERENCES 91
Chapter 8. Educating community children’s nurses: a historical perspective 93
SECTION 2: Philosophical Issues Underpinning the Delivery of Community Children’s Nursing Practice 115
Chapter 10. A national strategy and corporate identity for community children’s nursing? 117
INTRODUCTION 117
DEFINING CORPORATE STRATEGY AND CULTURE 117
DEVELOPMENT OFCORPORATE IDENTITY WITH IN COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING 118
CORPORATE IMAGE AND IDENTITY OF COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSES 121
PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSES 122
THE EFFECTS ON TRAINING AND EDUCATION 123
CONCLUSION 124
REFERENCES 126
Chapter 11. Nursing the family and supporting the nurse: exploring the nurse-patient relationship in community children’s nursing 129
INTRODUCTION 129
CARE OF THE CHILD WITH A CHRONIC ILLNESS 129
FAMILY-CENTRED CARE 130
REWARDS AND DANGERS OF THE NURSE–CLIENT RELATIONSHIP 131
BEING FRIENDLY AND PROFESSIONAL 132
THE LEARNING AND SHARING TEAM 133
CONCLUSION 135
REFERENCES 136
Chapter 12. Legal aspects of the community care of the sick child 137
INTRODUCTION 137
ACCOUNTABILITY 138
PARENTAL SHARING IN THE CARE; DECISION MAKING AND DISPUTES WITH PARENTS 140
CONSENT BY THE CHILD: 16 AND 17 YEARS; UNDER 16 YEARS 141
CONFIDENTIALITY 142
CHILDREN ACT 1989; CHILD PROTECTION ISSUES 142
PARENTAL RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES 143
EDUCATION 143
PALLIATIVE AND TERMINAL CARE 144
ROLE OF THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR 146
CONCLUSION 146
REFERENCES 146
Chapter 13. Health promotion in community children’s nursing 149
INTRODUCTION 149
HEALTH 149
HEALTH PROMOTION 151
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 153
CHILD HEALTH PROMOTION 153
ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSE INRELATION TO HEALTH PROMOTION 155
CONCLUSION 158
REFERENCES 158
Chapter 14. Cultural issues in community children’s nursing 161
INTRODUCTION 161
DEFINITIONS OF CULTURE 162
HEALTH AND MINORITY CULTURES IN THE UK 162
CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION OF CHILDHOOD 163
ENVIRONMENT OF CARE 164
COMMUNICATION 165
HEALTH BELIEFS 166
CONCLUSION 166
REFERENCES 167
SECTION 3: Dimensions of Community Children’s Nursing Practice 171
Chapter 15. Strategic planning and commissioning of services 173
INTRODUCTION 173
COMMISSIONING CHILDREN’S SERVICES 173
USER INVOLVEMENT 177
RECONFIGURATION OF CHILDREN’S SERVICES 178
RESOURCING COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING 178
EVALUATION 179
ECONOMIC EVALUATION 180
CONCLUSION 181
REFERENCES 181
Chapter 16. Issues for the composition of community children’s nursing teams 183
INTRODUCTION 183
CLINICAL LEADERSHIP 183
SUPERVISION OF PRACTICE 184
CLINICAL GOVERNANCE 185
TEAM COMPETENCIES AND SPECIALISM 186
NURSE CONSULTANTS IN COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING 188
WORKFORCE PLANNING 189
INTERAGENCY WORKING 191
WORKING WITH PARENTS 192
CONCLUSION 194
REFERENCES 194
Chapter 17. Needs analysis and profiling in community children’s nursing 197
INTRODUCTION 197
NEEDS ASSESSMENT 197
ASSESSING AND ANALYSING THE DATA 201
DETERMINING THE NEED TO DEVELOP THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING SERVICE 202
COMPILING A BUSINESS PLAN 204
MARKETING COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING SERVICES 205
CONCLUSION 205
REFERENCES 206
Chapter 18. Benchmarking in community children’s nursing – ‘Essence of care 207
INTRODUCTION 207
HISTORY OF BENCHMARKING 207
PROCESS OF BENCHMARKING 208
COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING BENCHMARK 210
CHILDREN’S PALLIATIVE CARE BENCHMARK 211
FUTURE BENCHMARKING 212
CONCLUSION 213
REFERENCES 213
Chapter 19. Dependency scoring in community children’s nursing 215
INTRODUCTION 215
DEPENDENCY SCORING 215
WHEN TO BEGIN TO MEASURE DEPENDENCY 217
WHAT IS BEING MEASURED? 217
ELEMENTS OF THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSE’S WORKLOAD 220
HOW WILL DEPENDENCY SCORING HELP? 220
KEYS TO SUCCESS 222
CONCLUSION 223
REFERENCES 223
Chapter 20. Information management 225
INTRODUCTION 225
PRINCIPLES OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 226
INFORMATION GOVERNANCE 228
INFORMATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES 229
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE 230
MANAGEMENT OF AGGREGATED INFORMATION 233
CONCLUSION 234
REFERENCES 235
Chapter 21. Caring for the acutely ill child at home 237
INTRODUCTION 237
WHAT IS MEANT BY ‘ACUTE CHILDHOOD ILLNESS’ FROM A COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVE? 238
HEALTHCARE SERVICE USE DURING ACUTE CHILDHOOD ILLNESS AT HOME: THE STATISTICS 238
IMPACT ON THE WORK OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN THE COMMUNITY 239
IMPLICATIONS OF EXISTING SERVICE PROVISION FOR THE QUALITY OF CARE 239
EXPERIENCES OF THE CHILD AND FAMILY WHEN A CHILD IS ACUTELY ILL AT HOME 240
IMPLICATIONS OF THE EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES DURING ACUTE CHILDHOOD ILLNESS FOR HEALTHCARE SERVICE DELIVERY 243
OPTIONS FOR THE INVOLVEMENT OF CHILDREN’S NURSESIN THE CARE OF THE ACUTELY ILL CHILD AT HOME 244
CONCLUSION 246
REFERENCES 246
Chapter 22. Delivering and funding care for children with complex needs 249
INTRODUCTION 249
INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE AND LOCATION OF CARE 249
SOCIOPOLITICAL INFLUENCES 250
CONTINUING CARE FRAMEWORK 251
DELIVERING COMPLEX CARE 252
RESPITE CARE 256
THE KEY WORKER 257
CONCLUSION 258
REFERENCES 258
Chapter 23. Meeting the palliative care needs of children in the community 261
INTRODUCTION 261
DEFINING PALLIATIVE CARE 262
WHO NEEDS PALLIATIVE CARE? 263
INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE PROVISION OF PALLIATIVE CARE FOR CHILDREN 263
CLINICAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CHILD RECEIVING PALLIATIVE CARE 264
AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE DELIVERY OF PALLIATIVE CARE 264
RESPITE CARE AND SUPPORT SERVICES 267
EMOTIONAL SUPPORT 268
FACING THE DEATH OF A CHILD 268
CONCLUSION 269
REFERENCES 270
Chapter 24. Meeting the mental health needs of children and young people 271
INTRODUCTION 271
INCIDENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AND DISORDERS 272
PROVISION OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES 272
ROLE OF THE SPECIALIST NURSE IN CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH 274
CONSULTATION 275
LINKS WITH THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE 276
WORK WITH CHILDREN, YOUNG PEOPLE AND FAMILIES 276
ASSESSMENT, INTERVENTION AND EVALUATION 276
EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN’S NURSES IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH 277
CONCLUSION 279
REFERENCES 280
Chapter 25. Meeting the needs of children with learning disabilities 281
INTRODUCTION 281
HISTORICAL CONTEXT 281
WHAT IS A LEARNING DISABILITY? 282
THE NEEDS OF THE CHILD AND FAMILY 282
WHO IS THE APPROPRIATE NURSE? 284
TRANSITION FROM CHILD TO ADULT SERVICES 285
SUPPORT IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS 286
CONCLUSION 287
REFERENCES 287
Chapter 26. Young carers and community children’s nursing 289
INTRODUCTION 289
FAMILY CARERS AND YOUNG CARERS 290
DEFINITIONS, EXPERIENCES AND NEEDS OF YOUNG CARERS 290
YOUNG CARERS AND THEIR SIBLINGS 292
THE NEEDS OF YOUNG CARERS 293
THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN 294
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSES IN HELPING TO MEET YOUNG CARERS’ NEEDS 294
MULTI-AGENCY WORK 295
CONFLICTS AND DILEMMAS 295
CONCLUSION 296
REFERENCES 296
Chapter 27. Play therapy within community children’s nursing 299
INTRODUCTION 299
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY PLAY SPECIALIST ROLE 300
REFERRALS 301
PREPARATION 301
DISTRACTION THERAPY 302
DEVELOPMENTAL PLAY 302
SUPPORT FOR ADOLESCENTS 303
MASSAGE AND RELAXATION 303
PLAY THERAPY AND PHOBIAS 303
BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT 304
CLINICAL SUPERVISION 304
CONCLUSION 304
REFERENCES 305
SECTION 4: Advancing Community Children’s Nursing Practice 307
Chapter 28. Complementary therapies in community children’s nursing 309
INTRODUCTION 309
ACUPUNCTURE/ACUPRESSURE 312
AROMATHERAPY 313
HERBALISM 315
HOMEOPATHY 315
REFLEXOLOGY AND REFLEX ZONE THERAPY 315
THERAPEUTIC MASSAGE 315
VISUALISATION AND GUIDED IMAGERY 316
CONCLUSION 317
REFERENCES 317
Chapter 29. Nurse prescribing: an opportunity for community children’s nursing 321
INTRODUCTION 321
PILOT SITES AND NATIONAL ROLL OUT 322
WHY JUST DISTRICT NURSES AND HEALTH VISITORS? 322
EXTENDED PRESCRIBING 323
SUPPLEMENTARY PRESCRIBING 323
HOW DOES THIS APPLY TO THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSE? 324
A MOVING TARGET 325
CONCLUSION 325
REFERENCES 326
Chapter 30. The Advanced Children’s Nurse Practitioner with in General Practice 327
INTRODUCTION 327
DEVELOPMENT OF NURSE-LED SERVICES IN THE UK 327
EXAMPLE OF AN ACNP ROLE 328
SERVICE OUTCOMES 331
PROFESSIONAL ISSUES 332
CONCLUSION 332
REFERENCES 333
Chapter 31. Economic evaluation in practice 335
INTRODUCTION 335
CLARIFYING THE TERMINOLOGY 336
ROLE OF ECONOMIC EVALUATION IN COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSING 336
EXAMPLES FROM PRACTICE 339
CONCLUSION 340
REFERENCES 341
Chapter 32. Transition from children’s to adult services 343
INTRODUCTION 343
THE POLITICAL CONTEXT OF THE NEED FOR TRANSITIONAL CARE 344
WHO REQUIRES TRANSITIONAL CARE? 344
PROGRAMMES TO SUPPORT TRANSITION OF CARE 345
THE TIMING OF TRANSITION OF CARE 345
BARRIERS TO TRANSITION OF CARE 346
ESTABLISHING ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR TRANSITIONAL CARE 347
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN’S NURSE 347
CONCLUSION 348
REFERENCES 348
Chapter 33. Launching further research in community children’s nursing 351
INTRODUCTION 351
BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE ENB RESEARCH STUDY 352
BURDEN OF CARE 352
GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF CARE 354
FORMS OF SERVICE 355
CONCLUSION 356
REFERENCES 356
Conclusion 357
Chapter-linked websites 361
Generic websites 363
Chapter-linked further reading 365
Generic further reading 371
Index 375

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