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Abstract
This collection of essays incorporates the insight of an international group of experts to explore the impact of neoliberalism within different organisational domains from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Examining neoliberalism in the context of political, social, economic and institutional domains, this volume promotes a critical and challenging approach to the social and economic attitudes characterising late-modern capitalism.
Philip Whitehead is a reader in criminal and social justice at Teesside University in Middlesbrough, UK. Previously he worked for the probation service for 26 years. Since the 1980s he has researched various aspects of the criminal justice system, and is the author of seven book and numerous articles.
Paul Crawshaw is assistant dean in the School of Social Sciences and Law at Teesside University in Middlesbrough, UK. He has researched social and political aspects of health and illness since the 1990s, and has published widely in these areas.
This collection of essays incorporates the insight of an international group of experts to explore the impact of neoliberal ideology upon political, social and economic domains, as well as institutions such as the prison, healthcare and education systems and the voluntary sector. Examining the effects of the emergence of late-modern capitalism in the 1970s, the articles look at how the reaction against post-war Keynesian ideology manifested itself in each of these areas. This neoliberal resurgence has been characterised by competition and free markets, individual and family responsibility, and socioeconomic policies that engender social insecurity, resulting in economic freedom for the few and a strong law-and-order state for those at the bottom of the social hierarchy. Abandoning the all-encompassing, supportive attitude deemed necessary in the immediate aftermath of wartime instability, the neoliberal emphasis on individual responsibility has resulted in numerous social and moral dislocations, including harsher attitudes toward crime and punishment. The essays included in ‘Organising Neoliberalism: Markets, Privatisation and Justice’ explore how neoliberal ideology permeates nearly all aspects of modern life, and produce strong arguments for resistance against it.
‘This timely, stimulating and immensely informative collection of essays offers a deeply knowledgeable, theoretically sophisticated overview of neoliberalism and its pervasive effects on all spheres of government policy and social life. Its particular strength is the tracing of neoliberalism as the taken-for-granted common sense of governmental debate and organisation. A very valuable resource for all who wish to understand what has gone wrong in recent times.’—Professor Robert Reiner, London School of Economics
‘This collection brings together essays demonstrating excellent research, conceptual richness and theoretical importance and contemporary relevance which are indispensable for understanding the deep and troubling consequences of neoliberalism’s deep penetration of everyday life. It is clearly written, well reasoned and incisive.’ —Dr Michael McKinley, Australian National University
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
FRONT MATTER\r | i | ||
Half Title\r | i | ||
Title\r | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
CONTENTS | v | ||
MAIN MATTER\r | 1 | ||
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: A PRELIMINARY MAPPING OF THE TERRAIN | 1 | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
Historical Dynamics of Nineteenth-Century Industrial Capitalism | 4 | ||
Dominant Liberalism and Victorian Ideology | 6 | ||
Impacts, Effects and Critiques of Capitalism | 8 | ||
The 1880s and 1890s: Towards Modifications | 9 | ||
Into the Twentieth Century: Emergence, Decline and Fall of Keynesianism | 10 | ||
Resurgent Neoliberalism | 11 | ||
Chapter Summaries | 14 | ||
Notes | 19 | ||
References | 20 | ||
Chapter 2 NEOLIBERALISM AND CRIME IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE UNITED KINGDOM | 23 | ||
Introduction | 23 | ||
The Historical Evolution of Liberalism | 23 | ||
The Rise of Neoliberalism | 26 | ||
The Material Foundations of Neoliberalism | 35 | ||
Incarceration and Neoliberalism | 36 | ||
Neoliberalism and Crime | 38 | ||
A Final Reflection | 40 | ||
Notes | 40 | ||
References | 40 | ||
Chapter 3 NEOLIBERALISM, PRISONS AND PROBATION IN THE UNITED STATES AND ENGLAND AND WALES | 45 | ||
Introduction | 45 | ||
The Correctional System in the United States: A 'Frenzied and Brutal Lockup Binge’? | 49 | ||
The Correctional System in England and Wales: The Futility of Penal Expansion | 52 | ||
Privatising Justice in the United States: A ‘More Efficient Gulag’? | 56 | ||
Armed and Punitive: Probation Officers in the United States | 63 | ||
Privatising Justice in England and Wales: A Rehabilitation Revolution? | 65 | ||
Conclusion | 70 | ||
Notes | 73 | ||
References | 75 | ||
Chapter 4 THE NEOLIBERAL WINGS OF THE ‘SMOKE-BREATHING DRAGON’: THE CIGARETTE COUNTERFEITING BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA | 81 | ||
Introduction | 81 | ||
The Scale of the Cigarette Counterfeiting Business in China | 86 | ||
The Production of Counterfeit Cigarettes | 87 | ||
Acquiring raw materials | 87 | ||
Manufacturing counterfeit cigarettes | 88 | ||
Packing of counterfeit cigarettes | 88 | ||
The Venues of Counterfeit Cigarette Production and Packing | 89 | ||
The Sale of Counterfeit Cigarettes | 89 | ||
Actors and Patterns of Cooperation in the Cigarette Counterfeiting Business in China | 91 | ||
Counterfeit Cigarettes Business and Corruption | 95 | ||
Discussion and Conclusion | 97 | ||
Note | 99 | ||
References | 99 | ||
Chapter 5 A NEOLIBERAL SECURITY COMPLEX? | 105 | ||
Introduction | 105 | ||
A Few Remarks on the Question of the State in Police Sociology | 107 | ||
The State and Authoritarian Statism | 109 | ||
A Normal Year in Policing? | 113 | ||
Containment | 113 | ||
Deceit | 116 | ||
Collusion | 118 | ||
Exclusion | 120 | ||
Towards a Research Agenda | 123 | ||
Note | 127 | ||
References | 127 | ||
Chapter 6 THE INFLUENCE OF NEOLIBERALISM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH YOUTH JUSTICE SYSTEM UNDER NEW LABOUR | 135 | ||
Introduction | 135 | ||
Neoliberalism and the Youth Justice System | 136 | ||
Impact of Pursuing a Crime Prevention Agenda | 142 | ||
Doli incapax | 143 | ||
Restorative justice | 144 | ||
Use of custody | 145 | ||
Making parents responsible for their children’s behaviour | 147 | ||
Conclusion | 149 | ||
Acknowledgement | 151 | ||
References | 151 | ||
Chapter 7 INSTITUTIONALISING COMMERCIALISM? THE CASE OF SOCIAL MARKETING FOR HEALTH IN THE UNITED KINGDOM | 155 | ||
Introduction | 155 | ||
From Environments to Lifestyle | 158 | ||
Understanding Social Marketing (for Health) | 159 | ||
Methodologies | 162 | ||
The Commercial and the Social | 162 | ||
Achieving ‘Behavioural Goals’ | 165 | ||
Choice | 167 | ||
Lifestyle Change and Responsibility | 170 | ||
Discussion | 172 | ||
Notes | 175 | ||
References | 175 | ||
Chapter 8 NEOLIBERAL POLICY, QUALITY AND INEQUALITY IN UNDERGRADUATE DEGREES | 179 | ||
Introduction | 179 | ||
Neoliberalism, Quality and Inequality | 180 | ||
Recent Developments in English Higher Education | 183 | ||
Methodology | 184 | ||
High Quality in Policy Documents and Students’ Perspectives | 185 | ||
Documentary Analysis | 186 | ||
A high-quality higher education system | 186 | ||
High-quality undergraduate provision | 188 | ||
High-quality contribution to wider society | 188 | ||
Pedagogic Rights | 191 | ||
Students’ Perspectives | 191 | ||
High-quality provision | 191 | ||
High-quality contribution to wider society | 194 | ||
Concluding Discussion | 195 | ||
Notes | 196 | ||
References | 197 | ||
Chapter 9 RELIGION AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN CANADA, ENGLAND AND WALES: COMMUNITY CHAPLAINCY AND RESISTANCE TO THE SURGING TIDE OF NEOLIBERAL ORTHODOXY\r | 201 | ||
Introduction | 201 | ||
Methodology | 203 | ||
Unravelling the Canadian Gene Code of Community Chaplaincy | 204 | ||
A Contemporary Epiphany in Ottawa | 206 | ||
Crossing the Atlantic to England and Wales | 208 | ||
Critical Interrogation: Constructing an Exploratory Typology | 209 | ||
Religion Reduces Recidivism – Or Does It? Some Research Evidence | 211 | ||
Three Sociological Lines of Enquiry: Durkheim, Marx and Foucault | 212 | ||
Economic Responsibility and Value for Money | 214 | ||
Personalism | 214 | ||
Justice | 215 | ||
Discussion | 217 | ||
Unconditional Support for People Leaving Prison | 217 | ||
Reduce Reoffending through Supportive Relationships | 218 | ||
Political Engagement and Social Justice | 219 | ||
Conclusion | 221 | ||
Notes | 223 | ||
References | 225 | ||
Chapter 10 MARKETS, PRIVATISATION AND JUSTICE: SOME CRITICAL REFLECTIONS | 229 | ||
There’s Something Different Going On – Have You Noticed? | 229 | ||
Your Planet Needs You: Pugilists against the Rising Tide | 236 | ||
References | 239 | ||
END MATTER\r | 242 | ||
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS | 242 | ||
INDEX | 245 |