Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
‘Britain in India, 1858–1947’ seeks to trace the last 90 years of British rule in the light of modern historical debates. The volume examines the ambiguities of British rule that followed from the post-Mutiny settlement: the tensions between an authoritarian bureaucracy and the promise of a liberal vision of the future, and between imperial interests and the growing coordination of Indian aspirations for self-rule. The volume analyses these tensions with reference to contemporary historical debates, and traces them through changing international relations and world wars to Indian independence and partition in 1947.
‘This is a well-written and thoughtful narrative of British rule in India from 1858 to 1947. Composed unapologetically from a British point of view, it offers a balanced treatment of the main historiographical debates, supported by good guidance to further reading. This book will be of great value for sixth form and first-year university teaching.’ —Francis Robinson, Professor of the History of South Asia, Royal Holloway, University of London
Lionel Knight is the retired head of history and politics at the City of London School in England. He holds an MA from Cambridge University and a teaching qualification from the Institute of Education, University of London, and was a schoolteacher fellow at St Hugh’s College in Oxford. He has served on the councils of the Royal Asiatic Society and the Hakluyt Society.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
FRONT MATTER\r | i | ||
Half Title | i | ||
Series Page | ii | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
CONTENTS | vii | ||
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | xi | ||
PREFACE | xiii | ||
INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
1. The British Indian Empire | 1 | ||
2. An Empire of Opinion: The Legacy of the English East India Company | 2 | ||
3. 1857 | 6 | ||
4. A Magna Carta for India | 8 | ||
Chapter 1 CROWN RULE TO 1880 | 13 | ||
1. Coercion or Collaboration? | 13 | ||
Governance after 1858 | 14 | ||
The Army | 17 | ||
Landlords and Peasants | 19 | ||
Muslims | 20 | ||
Princes | 23 | ||
2. The Second Afghan War | 27 | ||
3. Government and the Economy | 30 | ||
Chapter 2 LIBERAL IMPERIALISM, 1880–1899 | 35 | ||
1. Different Liberalisms | 35 | ||
The North-West Frontier | 36 | ||
The Third Burma War | 37 | ||
Princely India | 40 | ||
British India | 43 | ||
Race Relations: The Ilbert Bill | 44 | ||
2. The Indian National Congress | 48 | ||
Interpretations of Early Indian Nationalism | 52 | ||
3. Nationalists and the Economy: The ‘Drain’ | 54 | ||
4. Communalism | 57 | ||
Caste Associations | 57 | ||
Revived Hinduism | 58 | ||
Chapter 3 THE CONSEQUENCES OF LORD CURZON: INDIA OR THE EMPIRE, 1899–1916 | 63 | ||
1. Lord Curzon | 63 | ||
2. Foreign Policy | 65 | ||
3. The Partition of Bengal | 68 | ||
Swadeshi (Home Produce) and Swaraj (Self-Rule) | 69 | ||
Congress | 71 | ||
4. Curzon’s Departure | 73 | ||
5. The Morley-Minto Reforms | 73 | ||
The Muslim Initiative | 75 | ||
6. Terrorism | 77 | ||
Repression | 78 | ||
7. New Delhi and the Lucknow Pact, 1916 | 79 | ||
8. Diaspora | 80 | ||
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi | 82 | ||
9. The Illusion of Permanence | 84 | ||
Chapter 4 THE FIRST WORLD WAR, 1914–1922 | 89 | ||
1. The Strains of War | 89 | ||
2. Wartime Politics: The Loss of the Initiative | 92 | ||
3. Gandhi and the Rowlatt Satyagraha | 95 | ||
4. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms | 98 | ||
Military Implications | 100 | ||
Fiscal Implications | 102 | ||
5. The Khilafat Movement | 103 | ||
6. Non-Cooperation | 104 | ||
Chapter 5 DYARCHY AND DEPRESSION, 1922–1939 | 109 | ||
1. Provincial Politics | 109 | ||
2. Communalism and Civil Society | 112 | ||
Culture | 115 | ||
3. Constitutional Initiatives | 117 | ||
The Simon Commission | 117 | ||
Lord Irwin’s Declaration | 118 | ||
The First Round Table Conference | 120 | ||
Civil Disobedience (CD) | 121 | ||
The Communal Award and the Poona Pact | 122 | ||
CD: A Second Wave | 124 | ||
4. The Depression: Indian Business Turns to Congress | 125 | ||
5. Socialism’s Limited Success | 127 | ||
6. Federation and the States | 129 | ||
7. The Government of India Act, 1935 | 131 | ||
8. The 1937 Election | 132 | ||
9. Congress Raj, 1937–39 | 135 | ||
Chapter 6 THE IMPACT OF WAR, 1939–1945 | 137 | ||
1. Direct Rule | 137 | ||
2. The Lahore Resolution | 138 | ||
3. The Cripps Mission: 22 March–12 April 1942 | 140 | ||
4. Quit India | 142 | ||
5. The Price of Victory | 144 | ||
Famine | 144 | ||
The Indian National Army (INA) | 145 | ||
Chapter 7 INDEPENDENCE, 1945–1947 | 147 | ||
1. The 1945–46 Election | 147 | ||
2. The Cabinet Mission, March–August 1946 | 148 | ||
3. Rising Pressure | 150 | ||
4. Lord Mountbatten | 153 | ||
5. The Boundary Commission | 156 | ||
6. The Integration of the States | 158 | ||
7. Independence | 159 | ||
8. Partition: Two Nations? | 162 | ||
CONCLUSION | 167 | ||
END MATTER\r | 171 | ||
APPENDIX A | 171 | ||
APPENDIX B | 174 | ||
CHRONOLOGY | 175 | ||
NOTES | 179 | ||
Introduction | 179 | ||
1. Crown Rule to 1880 | 180 | ||
2. Liberal Imperialism, 1880–1899 | 182 | ||
3. The Consequences of Lord Curzon: India or the Empire, 1899–1916 | 186 | ||
4. The First World War, 1914–1922 | 188 | ||
5. Dyarchy and Depression, 1922–1939 | 190 | ||
6. The Impact of War, 1939–1945 | 192 | ||
7. Independence, 1945–1947 | 194 | ||
Conclusion | 196 | ||
GLOSSARY | 198 | ||
FURTHER READING | 200 | ||
General | 200 | ||
Politics | 201 | ||
For the Official British Presence | 201 | ||
First World War | 201 | ||
Second World War | 201 | ||
Biographies | 201 | ||
The Economy | 202 | ||
The States | 202 | ||
Independence and Partition | 202 | ||
QUESTIONS | 204 | ||
Chapter 1 | 204 | ||
Chapter 2 | 204 | ||
Chapter 3 | 204 | ||
Chapter 4 | 205 | ||
Chapter 5 | 205 | ||
Chapter 6 | 205 | ||
Chapter 7 | 205 | ||
INDEX\r | 207 |