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Principles & Practice of Physics, Global Edition

Principles & Practice of Physics, Global Edition

Eric Mazur

(2015)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

For Introductory Calculus-based Physics Courses.

 

Putting physics first

Based on his storied research and teaching, Eric Mazur’s Principles & Practice of Physics builds an understanding of physics that is both thorough and accessible. Unique organization and pedagogy allow students to develop a true conceptual understanding of physics alongside the quantitative skills needed in the course.

  • New learning architecture: The book is structured to help students learn physics in an organized way that encourages comprehension and reduces distraction.
  • Physics on a contemporary foundation: Traditional texts delay the introduction of ideas that we now see as unifying and foundational. This text builds physics on those unifying foundations, helping students to develop an understanding that is stronger, deeper, and fundamentally simpler.
  • Research-based instruction: This text uses a range of research-based instructional techniques to teach physics in the most effective manner possible.

The result is a groundbreaking book that puts physics first, thereby making it more accessible to students and easier for instructors to teach. MasteringPhysics® works with the text to create a learning program that enables students to learn both in and out of the classroom.


 

This program provides a better teaching and learning experience for you and your students. Here’s how:

  • Build an integrated, conceptual understanding of physics:
  • Help students gain a deeper understanding of the unified laws that govern our physical world through the innovative chapter structure and pioneering table of contents.
  • Encourage informed problem solving:
  • The separate Practice Volume empowers students to reason more effectively and better solve problems.
  • Personalize learning with MasteringPhysics:
  • MasteringPhysics provides students with engaging experiences that coach them through physics with specific wrong-answer feedback, hints, and a wide variety of educationally effective content.

 

 MasteringPhysics is not included. Students, if MasteringPhysics  is a recommended/mandatory component of the course, please ask your instructor for the correct ISBN and course ID. MasteringPhysics  is not a self-paced technology and should only be purchased when required by an instructor. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.


MasteringPhysics is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment product designed to personalize learning and improve results. With a wide range of interactive, engaging, and assignable activities, students are encouraged to actively learn and retain tough course concepts.


Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Principles of Physics Cover 1
Cover\r Cover 1
Brief Contents 3
About the Author 4
To the Student 5
To the Instructor 6
Acknowledgments 10
Detailed Contents 12
Chapter 1: Foundations 19
1.1 The scientific method 20
1.2 Symmetry 22
1.3 Matter and the universe 24
1.4 Time and change 26
1.5 Representations 27
1.6 Physical quantities and units 32
1.7 Significant digits 35
1.8 Solving problems 38
1.9 Developing a feel 41
Chapter Glossary 45
Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension 46
2.1 From reality to model 47
2.2 Position and displacement 48
2.3 Representing motion 50
2.4 Average speed and average velocity 52
2.5 Scalars and vectors 57
2.6 Position and displacement vectors 59
2.7 Velocity as a vector 63
2.8 Motion at constant velocity 64
2.9 Instantaneous velocity 66
Chapter Glossary 70
Chapter 3: Acceleration 71
3.1 Changes in velocity 72
3.2 Acceleration due to gravity 73
3.3 Projectile motion 75
3.4 Motion diagrams 77
3.5 Motion with constant acceleration 81
3.6 Free-fall equations 84
3.7 Inclined planes 87
3.8 Instantaneous acceleration 88
Chapter Glossary 92
Chapter 4: Momentum 93
4.1 Friction 94
4.2 Inertia 94
4.3 What determines inertia? 98
4.4 Systems 99
4.5 Inertial standard 104
4.6 Momentum 105
4.7 Isolated systems 107
4.8 Conservation of momentum 112
Chapter Glossary 118
Chapter 5: Energy 119
5.1 Classification of collisions 120
5.2 Kinetic energy 121
5.3 Internal energy 123
5.4 Closed systems 126
5.5 Elastic collisions 130
5.6 Inelastic collisions 133
5.7 Conservation of energy 134
5.8 Explosive separations 136
Chapter Glossary 138
Chapter 6: Principle of Relativity 139
6.1 Relativity of motion 140
6.2 Inertial reference frames 142
6.3 Principle of relativity 144
6.4 Zero-momentum reference frame 148
6.5 Galilean relativity 151
6.6 Center of mass 155
6.7 Convertible kinetic energy 160
6.8 Conservation laws and relativity 163
Chapter Glossary 165
Chapter 7: Interactions 166
7.1 The effects of interactions 167
7.2 Potential energy 170
7.3 Energy dissipation 171
7.4 Source energy 174
7.5 Interaction range 176
7.6 Fundamental interactions 178
7.7 Interactions and accelerations 182
7.8 Nondissipative interactions 183
7.9 Potential energy near Earth’s surface 186
7.10 Dissipative interactions 189
Chapter Glossary 193
Chapter 8: Force 194
8.1 Momentum and force 195
8.2 The reciprocity of forces 196
8.3 Identifying forces 198
8.4 Translational equilibrium 199
8.5 Free-body diagrams 200
8.6 Springs and tension 202
8.7 Equation of Motion 206
8.8 Force of gravity 209
8.9 Hooke’s law 210
8.10 Impulse 212
8.11 Systems of two interacting objects 214
8.12 Systems of many interacting objects 216
Chapter Glossary 219
Chapter 9: Work 220
9.1 Force displacement 221
9.2 Positive and negative work 222
9.3 Energy diagrams 224
9.4 Choice of system 226
9.5 Work done on a single particle 231
9.6 Work done on a many-particle system 234
9.7 Variable and distributed forces 238
9.8 Power 241
Chapter Glossary 243
Chapter 10: Motion in a Plane 244
10.1 Straight is a relative term 245
10.2 Vectors in a plane 246
10.3 Decomposition of forces 249
10.4 Friction 252
10.5 Work and friction 253
10.6 Vector algebra 256
10.7 Projectile motion in two dimensions 258
10.8 Collisions and momentum in two dimensions 260
10.9 Work as the product of two vectors 261
10.10 Coefficients of friction 266
Chapter Glossary 271
Chapter 11: Motion in a Circle 272
11.1 Circular motion at constant speed 273
11.2 Forces and circular motion 277
11.3 Rotational inertia 280
11.4 Rotational kinematics 282
11.5 Angular momentum 287
11.6 Rotational inertia of extended objects 292
Chapter Glossary 298
Chapter 12: Torque 299
12.1 Torque and angular momentum 300
12.2 Free rotation 303
12.3 Extended free-body diagrams 304
12.4 The vectorial nature of rotation 306
12.5 Conservation of angular momentum 311
12.6 Rolling motion 315
12.7 Torque and energy 320
12.8 The vector product 322
Chapter Glossary 325
Chapter 13: Gravity 326
13.1 Universal gravity 327
13.2 Gravity and angular momentum 332
13.3 Weight 335
13.4 Principle of equivalence 338
13.5 Gravitational constant 343
13.6 Gravitational potential energy 344
13.7 Celestial mechanics 347
13.8 Gravitational force exerted by a sphere 352
Chapter Glossary 354
Chapter 14: Special Relativity 355
14.1 Time measurements 356
14.2 Simultaneous is a relative term 359
14.3 Space-time 363
14.4 Matter and energy 368
14.5 Time dilation 373
14.6 Length contraction 378
14.7 Conservation of momentum 382
14.8 Conservation of energy 386
Chapter Glossary 391
Chapter 15: Periodic Motion 392
15.1 Periodic motion and energy 393
15.2 Simple harmonic motion 395
15.3 Fourier’s theorem 397
15.4 Restoring forces in simple harmonic motion 399
15.5 Energy of a simple harmonic oscillator 403
15.6 Simple harmonic motion and springs 407
15.7 Restoring torques 411
15.8 Damped oscillations 414
Chapter Glossary 417
Chapter 16: Waves in One Dimension 418
16.1 Representing waves graphically 419
16.2 Wave propagation 422
16.3 Superposition of waves 427
16.4 Boundary effects 429
16.5 Wave functions 434
16.6 Standing waves 439
16.7 Wave speed 442
16.8 Energy transport in waves 444
16.9 The wave equation 447
Chapter Glossary 450
Chapter 17: Waves in Two and Three Dimensions 451
17.1 Wavefronts 452
17.2 Sound 454
17.3 Interference 457
17.4 Diffraction 463
17.5 Intensity 466
17.6 Beats 469
17.7 Doppler effect 472
17.8 Shock waves 477
Chapter Glossary 480
Chapter 18: Fluids 481
18.1 Forces in a fluid 482
18.2 Buoyancy 487
18.3 Fluid flow 489
18.4 Surface effects 493
18.5 Pressure and gravity 500
18.6 Working with pressure 505
18.7 Bernoulli’s equation 509
18.8 Viscosity and surface tension 512
Chapter Glossary 518
Chapter 19: Entropy 519
19.1 States 520
19.2 Equipartition of energy 523
19.3 Equipartition of space 525
19.4 Evolution toward the most probable macrostate 527
19.5 Dependence of entropy on volume 532
19.6 Dependence of entropy on energy 537
19.7 Properties of a monatomic ideal gas 541
19.8 Entropy of a monatomic ideal gas 544
Chapter Glossary 546
Chapter 20: Energy Transferred Thermally 547
20.1 Thermal interactions 548
20.2 Temperature measurement 552
20.3 Heat capacity 555
20.4 PV diagrams and processes 559
20.5 Change in energy and work 565
20.6 Isochoric and isentropic ideal gas processes 567
20.7 Isobaric and isothermal ideal gas processes 569
20.8 Entropy change in ideal gas processes 573
20.9 Entropy change in nonideal gas processes 577
Chapter Glossary 579
Chapter 21: Degradation of Energy 580
21.1 Converting energy 581
21.2 Quality of energy 584
21.3 Heat engines and heat pumps 588
21.4 Thermodynamic cycles 593
21.5 Entropy constraints on energy transfers 598
21.6 Heat engine performance 601
21.7 Carnot cycle 605
21.8 Brayton cycle 607
Chapter Glossary 610
Chapter 22: Electric Interactions 611
22.1 Static electricity 612
22.2 Electrical charge 613
22.3 Mobility of charge carriers 616
22.4 Charge polarization 620
22.5 Coulomb’s law 624
22.6 Forces exerted by distributions of charge carriers 628
Chapter Glossary 632
Chapter 23: The Electric Field 633
23.1 The field model 634
23.2 Electric field diagrams 636
23.3 Superposition of electric fields 637
23.4 Electric fields and forces 640
23.5 Electric field of a charged particle 644
23.6 Dipole field 645
23.7 Electric fields of continuous charge distributions 647
23.8 Dipoles in electric fields 652
Chapter Glossary 656
Chapter 24: Gauss’s Law 657
24.1 Electric field lines 658
24.2 Field line density 660
24.3 Closed surfaces 661
24.4 Symmetry and Gaussian surfaces 663
24.5 Charged conducting objects 666
24.6 Electric flux 670
24.7 Deriving Gauss’s Law 672
24.8 Applying Gauss’s Law 674
Chapter Glossary 680
Chapter 25: Work and Energy in Electrostatics 681
25.1 Electric potential energy 682
25.2 Electrostatic work 683
25.3 Equipotentials 685
25.4 Calculating work and energy in electrostatics 689
25.5 Potential difference 692
25.6 Electrostatic potentials of continuous charge distributions 698
25.7 Obtaining the electric field from the potential 700
Chapter Glossary 702
Chapter 26: Charge Separation and Storage 703
26.1 Charge separation 704
26.2 Capacitors 706
26.3 Dielectrics 710
26.4 Voltaic cells and batteries 712
26.5 Capacitance 715
26.6 Electric field energy and emf 718
26.7 Dielectric constant 721
26.8 Gauss’s law in dielectrics 725
Chapter Glossary 727
Chapter 27: Magnetic Interactions 728
27.1 Magnetism 729
27.2 Magnetic fields 731
27.3 Charge flow and magnetism 733
27.4 Magnetism and relativity 736
27.5 Current and magnetism 741
27.6 Magnetic flux 743
27.7 Moving particles in electric and magnetic fields 745
27.8 Magnetism and electricity unified 749
Chapter Glossary 752
Chapter 28: Magnetic Fields of Charged Particles in Motion 753
28.1 Source of the magnetic field 754
28.2 Current loops and spin magnetism 755
28.3 Magnetic dipole moment and torque 757
28.4 Ampèrian paths 760
28.5 Ampère’s law 764
28.6 Solenoids and toroids 767
28.7 Magnetic fields due to currents 770
28.8 Magnetic field of a moving charged particle 773
Chapter Glossary 776
Chapter 29: Changing Magnetic Fields 777
29.1 Moving conductors in magnetic fields 778
29.2 Faraday’s law 780
29.3 Electric fields accompany changing magnetic fields 781
29.4 Lenz’s law 782
29.5 Induced emf 787
29.6 Electric field accompanying a changing magnetic field 791
29.7 Inductance 793
29.8 Magnetic energy 795
Chapter Glossary 798
Chapter 30: Changing Electric Fields 799
30.1 Magnetic fields accompany changing electric fields 800
30.2 Fields of moving charged particles 803
30.3 Oscillating dipoles and antennas 806
30.4 Displacement current 812
30.5 Maxwell’s equations 816
30.6 Electromagnetic waves 819
30.7 Electromagnetic energy 824
Chapter Glossary 828
Chapter 31: Electric Circuits 829
31.1 The basic circuit 830
31.2 Current and resistance 832
31.3 Junctions and multiple loops 834
31.4 Electric fields in conductors 837
31.5 Resistance and Ohm’s law 842
31.6 Single-loop circuits 846
31.7 Multiloop circuits 851
31.8 Power in electric circuits 856
Chapter Glossary 859
Chapter 32: Electronics 860
32.1 Alternating currents 861
32.2 AC circuits 863
32.3 Semiconductors 867
32.4 Diodes, transistors, and logic gates 869
32.5 Reactance 875
32.6 RC and RLC series circuits 880
32.7 Resonance 887
32.8 Power in AC circuits 889
Chapter Glossary 892
Chapter 33: Ray Optics 893
33.1 Rays 894
33.2 Absorption, transmission, and reflection 895
33.3 Refraction and dispersion 898
33.4 Forming images 902
33.5 Snel’s law 909
33.6 Thin lenses and optical instruments 912
33.7 Spherical mirrors 919
33.8 Lensmaker’s formula 922
Chapter Glossary 924
Chapter 34: Wave and Particle Optics 926
34.1 Diffraction of light 927
34.2 Diffraction gratings 929
34.3 X-ray diffraction 932
34.4 Matter waves 936
34.5 Photons 937
34.6 Multiple-slit interference 941
34.7 Thin-film interference 946
34.8 Diffraction at a single-slit barrier 948
34.9 Circular apertures and limits of resolution 949
34.10 Photon energy and momentum 953
Chapter Glossary 957
Appendix 959
Appendix A: Notation 959
Appendix B: Mathematics Review 969
Appendix C: SI Units, Useful Data, and Unit Conversion Factors 975
Appendix D: Center of Mass of Extended Objects 979
Appendix E: Derivation of the Lorentz Transformation Equations 980
Solutions to Checkpoints 983
Credits 1045
Index 1047
Practice of Physics Cover 2
Cover Cover 2
Brief Contents 1066
Getting the Most Out of Practice 1067
Chapter 1: Practice Foundations 1068
Chapter Summary 1070
Review Questions 1072
Developing a Feel 1073
Worked and Guided Problems 1074
Questions and Problems 1077
Answers to Review Questions 1082
Answers to Guided Problems 1082
Chapter 2: Practice Motion in One Dimension 1083
Chapter Summary 1084
Review Questions 1085
Developing a Feel 1086
Worked and Guided Problems 1087
Questions and Problems 1093
Answers to Review Questions 1100
Answers to Guided Problems 1100
Chapter 3: Practice Acceleration 1101
Chapter Summary 1102
Review Questions 1103
Developing a Feel 1104
Worked and Guided Problems 1105
Questions and Problems 1109
Answers to Review Questions 1117
Answers to Guided Problems 1117
Chapter 4: Practice Momentum 1118
Chapter Summary 1119
Review Questions 1120
Developing a Feel 1121
Worked and Guided Problems 1122
Questions and Problems 1128
Answers to Review Questions 1135
Answers to Guided Problems 1135
Chapter 5: Practice Energy 1136
Chapter Summary 1137
Review Questions 1138
Developing a Feel 1139
Worked and Guided Problems 1140
Questions and Problems 1147
Answers to Review Questions 1152
Answers to Guided Problems 1152
Chapter 6: Practice Principle of Relativity 1153
Chapter Summary 1154
Review Questions 1156
Developing a Feel 1157
Worked and Guided Problems 1158
Questions and Problems 1164
Answers to Review Questions 1171
Answers to Guided Problems 1171
Chapter 7: Practice Interactions 1172
Chapter Summary 1173
Review Questions 1175
Developing a Feel 1176
Worked and Guided Problems 1177
Questions and Problems 1184
Answers to Review Questions 1189
Answers to Guided Problems 1190
Chapter 8: Practice Force 1191
Chapter Summary 1192
Review Questions 1194
Developing a Feel 1195
Worked and Guided Problems 1196
Questions and Problems 1203
Answers to Review Questions 1211
Answers to Guided Problems 1211
Chapter 9: Practice Work 1212
Chapter Summary 1213
Review Questions 1214
Developing a Feel 1215
Worked and Guided Problems 1216
Questions and Problems 1224
Answers to Review Questions 1230
Answers to Guided Problems 1231
Chapter 10: Practice Motion in a Plane 1232
Chapter Summary 1233
Review Questions 1235
Developing a Feel 1236
Worked and Guided Problems 1237
Questions and Problems 1246
Answers to Review Questions 1254
Answers to Guided Problems 1255
Chapter 11: Practice Motion in a Circle 1256
Chapter Summary 1257
Review Questions 1258
Developing a Feel 1259
Worked and Guided Problems 1260
Questions and Problems 1267
Answers to Review Questions 1275
Answers to Guided Problems 1275
Chapter 12: Practice Torque 1276
Chapter Summary 1277
Review Questions 1279
Developing a Feel 1280
Worked and Guided Problems 1281
Questions and Problems 1288
Answers to Review Questions 1297
Answers to Guided Problems 1298
Chapter 13: Practice Gravity 1299
Chapter Summary 1300
Review Questions 1301
Developing a Feel 1302
Worked and Guided Problems 1303
Questions and Problems 1309
Answers to Review Questions 1314
Answers to Guided Problems 1314
Chapter 14: Practice Special Relativity 1315
Chapter Summary 1316
Review Questions 1318
Developing a Feel 1319
Worked and Guided Problems 1320
Questions and Problems 1328
Answers to Review Questions 1333
Answers to Guided Problems 1333
Chapter 15: Practice Periodic Motion 1334
Chapter Summary 1335
Review Questions 1338
Developing a Feel 1339
Worked and Guided Problems 1340
Questions and Problems 1345
Answers to Review Questions 1352
Answers to Guided Problems 1352
Chapter 16: Practice Waves in One Dimension 1353
Chapter Summary 1354
Review Questions 1356
Developing a Feel 1357
Worked and Guided Problems 1358
Questions and Problems 1363
Answers to Review Questions 1369
Answers to Guided Problems 1369
Chapter 17: Practice Waves in Two and Three Dimensions 1370
Chapter Summary 1371
Review Questions 1372
Developing a Feel 1373
Worked and Guided Problems 1374
Questions and Problems 1378
Answers to Review Questions 1383
Answers to Guided Problems 1383
Chapter 18: Practice Fluids 1384
Chapter Summary 1385
Review Questions 1387
Developing a Feel 1388
Worked and Guided Problems 1389
Questions and Problems 1395
Answers to Review Questions 1403
Answers to Guided Problems 1404
Chapter 19: Practice Entropy 1405
Chapter Summary 1406
Review Questions 1408
Developing a Feel 1409
Worked and Guided Problems 1410
Questions and Problems 1414
Answers to Review Questions 1421
Answers to Guided Problems 1421
Chapter 20: Practice Energy Transferred Thermally 1422
Chapter Summary 1423
Review Questions 1425
Developing a Feel 1426
Worked and Guided Problems 1427
Questions and Problems 1433
Answers to Review Questions 1439
Answers to Guided Problems 1439
Chapter 21: Practice Degradation of Energy 1440
Chapter Summary 1441
Review Questions 1444
Developing a Feel 1445
Worked and Guided Problems 1446
Questions and Problems 1451
Answers to Review Questions 1458
Answers to Guided Problems 1459
Chapter 22: Practice Electric Interactions 1460
Chapter Summary 1461
Review Questions 1462
Developing a Feel 1463
Worked and Guided Problems 1464
Questions and Problems 1467
Answers to Review Questions 1475
Answers to Guided Problems 1475
Chapter 23: Practice The Electric Field 1476
Chapter Summary 1477
Review Questions 1479
Developing a Feel 1480
Worked and Guided Problems 1481
Questions and Problems 1486
Answers to Review Questions 1493
Answers to Guided Problems 1493
Chapter 24: Practice Gauss’s Law 1494
Chapter Summary 1495
Review Questions 1497
Developing a Feel 1498
Worked and Guided Problems 1499
Questions and Problems 1505
Answers to Review Questions 1514
Answers to Guided Problems 1515
Chapter 25: Practice Work and Energy in Electrostatics 1516
Chapter Summary 1517
Review Questions 1519
Developing a Feel 1520
Worked and Guided Problems 1521
Questions and Problems 1527
Answers to Review Questions 1533
Answers to Guided Problems 1533
Chapter 26: Practice Charge Separation and Storage 1534
Chapter Summary 1535
Review Questions 1536
Developing a Feel 1537
Worked and Guided Problems 1538
Questions and Problems 1543
Answers to Review Questions 1548
Answers to Guided Problems 1549
Chapter 27: Pactice Magnetic Interactions 1550
Chapter Summary 1551
Review Questions 1553
Developing a Feel 1554
Worked and Guided Problems 1555
Questions and Problems 1561
Answers to Review Questions 1568
Answers to Guided Problems 1569
Chapter 28: Practice Magnetic Fields of Charged Particles in Motion 1570
Chapter Summary 1571
Review Questions 1573
Developing a Feel 1574
Worked and Guided Problems 1575
Questions and Problems 1582
Answers to Review Questions 1591
Answers to Guided Problems 1592
Chapter 29: Practice Changing Magnetic Fields 1593
Chapter Summary 1594
Review Questions 1595
Developing a Feel 1596
Worked and Guided Problems 1597
Questions and Problems 1605
Answers to Review Questions 1613
Answers to Guided Problems 1614
Chapter 30: Practice Changing Electric Fields 1615
Chapter Summary 1616
Review Questions 1617
Developing a Feel 1618
Worked and Guided Problems 1619
Questions and Problems 1625
Answers to Review Questions 1631
Answers to Guided Problems 1632
Chapter 31: Practice Electric Circuits 1633
Chapter Summary 1634
Review Questions 1636
Developing a Feel 1637
Worked and Guided Problems 1638
Questions and Problems 1646
Answers to Review Questions 1655
Answers to Guided Problems 1656
Chapter 32: Practice Electronics 1657
Chapter Summary 1658
Review Questions 1661
Developing a Feel 1662
Worked and Guided Problems 1663
Questions and Problems 1669
Answers to Review Questions 1677
Answers to Guided Problems 1678
Chapter 33: Practice Ray Optics 1679
Chapter Summary 1680
Review Questions 1683
Developing a Feel 1684
Worked and Guided Problems 1685
Questions and Problems 1692
Answers to Review Questions 1700
Answers to Guided Problems 1701
Chapter 34: Practice Wave and Particle Optics 1702
Chapter Summary 1703
Review Questions 1705
Developing a Feel 1706
Worked and Guided Problems 1707
Questions and Problems 1711
Answers to Review Questions 1717
Answers to Guided Problems 1718
Appendix 1720
Appendix A: Notation 1720
Appendix B: Mathematics Review 1730
Appendix C: SI Units, Useful Data, and Unit Conversion Factors 1736
Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Questions and Problems 1740
Credits 1780