BOOK
New Perspectives in Infectious Diseases, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, E-Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue focuses on the latest approach to infectious diseases and covers topics such as: Salmonellosis, Lawsonia intracellularis, Strangles, Rhodococcus equi, Equine Herpesvirus-1, Equine Influenza Virus, Equine Arteritis Virus, West Nile Virus and Equine Encephalitis Viruses, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus, and more!
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front Cover | Cover | ||
New Perspectives inInfectious Diseases | i | ||
Copyright\r | ii | ||
Contributors | iii | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Veterinary Clinics Of\rNorth America: Equine Practice | xi | ||
Foreword\r | xiii | ||
Preface\r | xv | ||
Equine Herpesvirus 1 Myeloencephalopathy | 489 | ||
Key points | 489 | ||
Introduction | 490 | ||
Etiology | 490 | ||
Epidemiology | 491 | ||
Pathogenesis | 492 | ||
Clinical signs | 494 | ||
Respiratory Disease | 494 | ||
Abortion | 495 | ||
Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy | 495 | ||
Equine Herpesvirus 1 Chorioretinopathy | 497 | ||
Diagnosis | 497 | ||
Cell Blood Count | 497 | ||
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis | 497 | ||
Virus Isolation and Detection | 497 | ||
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing | 497 | ||
Serologic Analysis | 499 | ||
Histopathologic Examination | 499 | ||
Therapeutic strategies | 499 | ||
Immunity and immune evasion | 501 | ||
Immunity to Equine Herpesvirus 1 | 501 | ||
Immune Evasion by Equine Herpesvirus 1 | 501 | ||
Control strategies | 502 | ||
Summary | 504 | ||
References | 504 | ||
Equine Influenza Virus | 507 | ||
Key points | 507 | ||
Introduction | 507 | ||
Etiology | 508 | ||
Genetic diversity of influenza A virus | 509 | ||
Evolution of Equine Influenza Virus and Vaccine Composition | 510 | ||
Cross-Species Transmission of Equine Influenza | 510 | ||
Epidemiology | 511 | ||
Recent equine influenza outbreaks | 512 | ||
Pathogenesis and clinical disease | 513 | ||
Diagnosis | 514 | ||
Virus Isolation | 514 | ||
Antigen Detection | 514 | ||
Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis | 514 | ||
Antibody Detection | 515 | ||
Control | 516 | ||
Summary | 516 | ||
References | 517 | ||
West Nile Virus and Equine Encephalitis Viruses | 523 | ||
Key points | 523 | ||
Eastern equine encephalitis | 523 | ||
Etiology | 523 | ||
Epidemiology | 525 | ||
Clinical Signs | 525 | ||
Diagnosis | 525 | ||
Pathologic Findings | 527 | ||
Therapeutic Strategies | 528 | ||
Control Strategies | 529 | ||
Western equine encephalomyelitis | 529 | ||
Etiology and Epidemiology | 529 | ||
Clinical Signs | 529 | ||
Diagnosis | 529 | ||
Treatment | 529 | ||
Equine Viral Arteritis | 543 | ||
Key points | 543 | ||
Virus | 543 | ||
Clinical signs | 544 | ||
Epidemiology | 547 | ||
Pathogenesis and pathologic condition | 548 | ||
Immune response | 549 | ||
Diagnosis | 549 | ||
Treatment | 550 | ||
Vaccination | 551 | ||
Prevention and control measures | 552 | ||
Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Equine Arteritis Virus in Breeding Stallions | 553 | ||
Guidelines for Breeding a Mare to an Equine Arteritis Virus–Shedding Stallion or Insemination with Equine Arteritis Virus–C ... | 553 | ||
Guidelines for the Movement of Horses | 554 | ||
Recent advances in equine arteritis virus research | 554 | ||
Future directions | 554 | ||
Acknowledgments | 555 | ||
References | 555 | ||
Equine Infectious Anemia in 2014 | 561 | ||
Key points | 561 | ||
Introduction | 561 | ||
Etiology | 562 | ||
Taxonomy | 562 | ||
Morphology | 562 | ||
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus and Its Relationship with Other Lentiviruses | 562 | ||
Proteins Encoded by Equine Infectious Anemia Virus | 564 | ||
Gag/Pol | 564 | ||
Env | 564 | ||
Accessory proteins | 564 | ||
Host Cells | 564 | ||
Mechanisms of Persistence | 564 | ||
Epidemiology | 565 | ||
Molecular Epidemiology | 566 | ||
Intraisolate variation in equine infectious anemia virus | 566 | ||
Interisolate variation in equine infectious anemia virus | 566 | ||
Pathogenesis | 567 | ||
Clinical signs | 568 | ||
Host immune responses | 568 | ||
Diagnosis | 569 | ||
Therapeutic strategies | 570 | ||
Control strategies | 570 | ||
Summary | 571 | ||
References | 572 | ||
Hendra Virus | 579 | ||
Key points | 579 | ||
Emergence | 579 | ||
Zoonotic infection | 580 | ||
The viral reservoir | 581 | ||
Hendra virus infection in horses | 581 | ||
Pathogenesis and Pathology | 583 | ||
Laboratory Diagnosis | 584 | ||
Therapy | 584 | ||
Community impact | 584 | ||
A Hendra virus vaccine for horses | 585 | ||
Postexposure therapeutics for people | 586 | ||
Other susceptible animal hosts | 586 | ||
Summary | 587 | ||
References | 587 | ||
New Perspectives for the Diagnosis, Control, Treatment, and Prevention of Strangles in Horses | 591 | ||
Key points | 591 | ||
Introduction | 591 | ||
The causal agent | 592 | ||
Clinical signs of strangles | 592 | ||
Convalescence and the carrier state | 593 | ||
Therapeutic treatment of horses with strangles | 593 | ||
Therapeutic treatment of persistently infected carriers | 594 | ||
Complications | 595 | ||
Preventing infection | 595 | ||
Culture test for Streptococcus equi | 595 | ||
Polymerase chain reaction assays | 596 | ||
Serology tests for exposure to Streptococcus equi | 596 | ||
Using the diagnostic tests to minimize the impact of Streptococcus equi infection | 598 | ||
Vaccination against strangles | 600 | ||
Killed and cell extract strangles vaccines | 601 | ||
Live-attenuated vaccines | 601 | ||
Subunit vaccines | 602 | ||
Summary and future perspectives | 603 | ||
References | 603 | ||
Rhodococcus equi Foal Pneumonia | 609 | ||
Key points | 609 | ||
Introduction | 609 | ||
Etiology | 609 | ||
Epidemiology | 609 | ||
Clinical signs | 612 | ||
Diagnosis | 612 | ||
Therapeutic strategies | 614 | ||
Control strategies | 615 | ||
Summary | 617 | ||
References | 617 | ||
Managing Salmonella in Equine Populations | 623 | ||
Key points | 623 | ||
Introduction | 623 | ||
Importance of Salmonella in equine populations | 624 | ||
Salmonella: the basics | 624 | ||
Salmonella testing and interpretation | 625 | ||
Culture of Fecal Samples | 625 | ||
Culture of Environmental Samples | 626 | ||
Polymerase Chain Reaction | 626 | ||
Lateral Flow Immunoassays | 627 | ||
Testing Strategy and Test Interpretation | 627 | ||
Fundamentals of veterinary infection control | 629 | ||
Managing salmonella risk in hospital populations | 630 | ||
Patient Management | 630 | ||
Factors associated with epidemic disease | 630 | ||
Factors associated with endemic disease | 630 | ||
Subpopulations and Salmonella Risk | 632 | ||
Horses with gastrointestinal disease | 632 | ||
Horses with severe disease | 632 | ||
Salmonella Surveillance Among Patients in Clinical Practice | 632 | ||
Management of the Hospital Environment | 634 | ||
Managing salmonella risk in the field setting | 635 | ||
Summary | 635 | ||
References | 635 | ||
Lawsonia intracellularis and Equine Proliferative Enteropathy | 641 | ||
Key points | 641 | ||
Introduction | 641 | ||
Epidemiology | 642 | ||
Clinical signs | 643 | ||
Diagnostic tests | 644 | ||
Abdominal Ultrasonography | 644 | ||
Total Protein/Albumin/Clinicopathologic Changes | 644 | ||
Fecal Polymerase Chain Reaction | 646 | ||
Serologic Testing | 646 | ||
Pathology/Pathophysiology | 648 | ||
Treatment | 648 | ||
Prevention | 651 | ||
Monitoring of Herd Status Following Diagnosis of Initial Index Case | 651 | ||
Monitoring the Herd with Endemic Status | 652 | ||
Prevention and Vaccination | 653 | ||
Future directions | 654 | ||
References | 655 | ||
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis | 659 | ||
Key points | 659 | ||
Introduction | 659 | ||
Etiologic agents | 660 | ||
Epidemiology | 660 | ||
Pathogenesis | 661 | ||
Experimental Infections | 662 | ||
Clinical signs | 663 | ||
Pathology | 664 | ||
Diagnosis | 664 | ||
Differential Diagnoses | 665 | ||
Postmortem Diagnosis | 666 | ||
Immunodiagnostic Testing | 666 | ||
Treatment | 667 | ||
Folate-Inhibiting Drugs | 667 | ||
Triazines | 668 | ||
Anti-inflammatory Therapy | 668 | ||
Biological Response Modifiers | 668 | ||
Prevention | 669 | ||
Summary | 669 | ||
Supplementary data | 670 | ||
References | 670 | ||
Equine Piroplasmosis | 677 | ||
Key points | 677 | ||
Introduction | 677 | ||
Etiology | 678 | ||
Epidemiology | 679 | ||
Pathogenesis and immunity | 681 | ||
Clinical signs | 684 | ||
Diagnosis | 686 | ||
Therapeutic strategies | 688 | ||
Control strategies | 689 | ||
Summary | 689 | ||
References | 690 | ||
Infectious Diseases of Working Equids | 695 | ||
Key points | 695 | ||
Introduction | 695 | ||
Infectious diseases of working equids | 696 | ||
African horse sickness | 696 | ||
Etiology | 696 | ||
Epidemiology | 697 | ||
Clinical Signs and Pathologic Findings | 697 | ||
Diagnosis | 699 | ||
Therapeutic Strategies | 699 | ||
Control Strategies | 700 | ||
Epizootic lymphangitis | 700 | ||
Etiology | 701 | ||
Epidemiology | 701 | ||
Pathogenesis and Clinical Signs | 701 | ||
Diagnosis | 701 | ||
Therapeutic Strategies | 703 | ||
Control Strategies | 704 | ||
Equine infectious anemia | 705 | ||
Etiology | 705 | ||
Epidemiology | 705 | ||
Pathogenesis and Clinical Signs | 705 | ||
Diagnosis | 706 | ||
Therapeutic and Control Strategies | 706 | ||
Gastrointestinal nematodes | 706 | ||
Glanders | 706 | ||
Etiology | 706 | ||
Epidemiology and Pathogenesis | 706 | ||
Clinical Signs | 707 | ||
Diagnosis | 707 | ||
Therapeutic Strategies | 707 | ||
Control Strategies | 707 | ||
Piroplasmosis | 707 | ||
Etiology | 707 | ||
Epidemiology | 708 | ||
Pathogenesis and Clinical Signs | 708 | ||
Diagnosis | 708 | ||
Therapeutic Strategies | 709 | ||
Control Strategies | 709 | ||
Tetanus | 709 | ||
Etiology | 709 | ||
Epidemiology | 709 | ||
Pathogenesis and Clinical Signs | 709 | ||
Diagnosis | 710 | ||
Index | 719 |