BOOK
Common ENT Disorders in Children, An Issue of Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, E-Book
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
National health statistics indicate that pediatric ear, nose, and throat disorders remain among the primary reasons children visit a physician, with ear infections ranking as the number one reason. From earaches to choking hazards, from nosebleeds to speech irregularities, children can present with a variety of problems that cause concern to parents and caregivers, who want prompt diagnosis and treatment. The presentation of topics in this issue is clinically ppropriate for Otolaryngologists, Pediatricians, Allergy specialists, and Family Physicians. Topics in this issue of Otolaryngologic Clinics include: Hearing screening and hearing loss; Acute otitis media; Chronic adenotonsilitis; Pediatric dysphagia; Lymphadenopathy; Rhinosinusitis; Facial trauma; Sialadenitis; Behavior and otolaryngology; Stridor; Otolaryngologic management of severe neurodevelopmental delay; Pediatric craniofacial problems.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Common ENT Disordersin Children | i | ||
| Copyrights | ii | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Otolaryngologic Clinics Of North America | x | ||
| Common ENT Disorders in Pediatrics | xi | ||
| The Otolaryngologist's Role in Newborn Hearing Screening and Early Intervention | 631 | ||
| Key points | 631 | ||
| Introduction | 631 | ||
| Incidence and Program Development | 632 | ||
| Screening Tools | 633 | ||
| Diagnostic Testing | 634 | ||
| Follow-up Challenges | 635 | ||
| Otolaryngologist role in infant hearing | 636 | ||
| Middle Ear Effusion | 638 | ||
| Counseling and Follow-up | 639 | ||
| Diagnostic Testing and Referrals | 640 | ||
| Management | 641 | ||
| Early intervention | 642 | ||
| The importance of early language access | 642 | ||
| ENT Community Education | 643 | ||
| Summary | 644 | ||
| References | 645 | ||
| Contemporary Concepts in Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children | 651 | ||
| Key points | 651 | ||
| Introduction and definitions | 651 | ||
| Epidemiology | 652 | ||
| Pathophysiology and microbiology | 653 | ||
| Diagnosis | 653 | ||
| Otoscopy | 654 | ||
| Management | 655 | ||
| Analgesia | 655 | ||
| Antibiotic Therapy | 655 | ||
| Antibiotic Choice | 659 | ||
| Complications | 659 | ||
| Recurrent AOM and tympanostomy tubes | 659 | ||
| Tympanostomy Tubes | 662 | ||
| Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea | 664 | ||
| Prevention | 665 | ||
| Complementary and alternative medicine | 665 | ||
| “At-risk” children and otitis media | 666 | ||
| Summary | 667 | ||
| References | 667 | ||
| Pediatric Tonsillectomy | 673 | ||
| Key points | 673 | ||
| Introduction | 673 | ||
| Developmental anatomy | 674 | ||
| Intrauterine Development | 674 | ||
| Tonsillectomy healing | 677 | ||
| Clinical decision making | 679 | ||
| Indications | 679 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 679 | ||
| Recurrent severe sore throat | 679 | ||
| Procedure | 680 | ||
| Which Tonsillectomy to Do | 680 | ||
| Extracapsular tonsillectomy | 680 | ||
| Intracapsular tonsillectomy and tonsillotomy | 681 | ||
| How to Prevent and Manage Posttonsillectomy Problems | 682 | ||
| Perioperative care | 682 | ||
| Pain | 683 | ||
| Local anesthetics intraoperatively | 683 | ||
| Oral analgesics posttonsillectomy | 683 | ||
| Nonpharmacologic pain relief posttonsillectomy | 683 | ||
| Bleeding | 684 | ||
| Coagulopathies | 684 | ||
| Diet and activity | 684 | ||
| Emergency care | 684 | ||
| Summary | 685 | ||
| References | 686 | ||
| Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Children | 691 | ||
| Key points | 691 | ||
| Introduction | 691 | ||
| Mechanism of normal and dysfunctional swallowing | 692 | ||
| Age-Related Differences—Maturation of Swallow with Age | 694 | ||
| Etiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia | 695 | ||
| Prematurity | 695 | ||
| Neurologic Disorders | 697 | ||
| Anatomic Contributors to OPD | 698 | ||
| Inflammatory Conditions | 700 | ||
| Evaluation of pediatric oropharyngeal dysphagia | 700 | ||
| History and Physical Examination | 700 | ||
| Chest Radiograph | 702 | ||
| High-Resolution CT Scan | 702 | ||
| MR imaging Scan of Head and Cervical Spine | 702 | ||
| Lipid-Laden Macrophage Index | 702 | ||
| Microlaryngobronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy | 703 | ||
| Instrumental Evaluations of Swallowing | 703 | ||
| Videofluoroscopic swallow study | 704 | ||
| Fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing | 705 | ||
| Management of pediatric oropharyngeal dysphagia | 706 | ||
| Initial Management | 706 | ||
| Introducing Safe Alimentation | 709 | ||
| OPD Follow-Up | 710 | ||
| Neurologic OPD | 712 | ||
| Clinical Course | 713 | ||
| Weaning and Precautions | 714 | ||
| Summary | 715 | ||
| References | 715 | ||
| Pediatric Cervical Lymphadenopathy | 721 | ||
| Key points | 721 | ||
| Introduction | 721 | ||
| Anatomic and physiologic considerations | 722 | ||
| Clinical presentation and physical examination | 722 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 723 | ||
| Diagnostic modalities | 727 | ||
| Fine-needle aspiration biopsy | 728 | ||
| Indications for open biopsy | 728 | ||
| Summary | 729 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 729 | ||
| References | 729 | ||
| Pediatric Rhinosinusitis | 733 | ||
| Key points | 733 | ||
| Overview | 733 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 734 | ||
| Acute rhinosinusitis | 735 | ||
| Diagnosis | 735 | ||
| Treatment | 736 | ||
| Chronic rhinosinusitis | 737 | ||
| Diagnosis | 737 | ||
| Treatment | 738 | ||
| Gastroesophageal reflux | 739 | ||
| Surgery for CRS | 739 | ||
| Subperiosteal abscess of the orbit | 741 | ||
| Evaluation of the patient with CRS | 741 | ||
| Surgery for CF | 742 | ||
| Allergic fungal sinusitis | 743 | ||
| Summary | 744 | ||
| References | 744 | ||
| Facial Fractures in Children | 747 | ||
| Key points | 747 | ||
| Introduction | 747 | ||
| Growth and development | 747 | ||
| Epidemiology | 748 | ||
| Diagnosis and initial management | 749 | ||
| Fronto-Orbital Fractures | 751 | ||
| Naso-Orbito-Ethmoid Fractures | 751 | ||
| Orbital Fractures | 752 | ||
| Nasal Fractures | 753 | ||
| Midface and Zygomaticomaxillary Fractures | 754 | ||
| Mandibular Fractures | 755 | ||
| Resorbable fixation | 757 | ||
| Summary | 758 | ||
| References | 758 | ||
| Pediatric Sialadenitis | 763 | ||
| Key points | 763 | ||
| Introduction | 763 | ||
| Anatomy and pathophysiology | 764 | ||
| Clinical presentation and diagnosis | 766 | ||
| Diagnostic modalities | 768 | ||
| Management | 769 | ||
| Preoperative Planning and Anesthetic Considerations | 773 | ||
| Patient Positioning | 774 | ||
| Procedural Approach | 774 | ||
| Postoperative Care | 775 | ||
| References | 776 | ||
| Comorbid Psychosocial Issues Seen in Pediatric Otolaryngology Clinics | 779 | ||
| Key points | 779 | ||
| Introduction | 779 | ||
| Common disorders seen in pediatric otolaryngology clinics with psychosocial comorbidities | 779 | ||
| Hearing loss | 780 | ||
| Obstructed sleep-disordered breathing | 781 | ||
| Cleft lip and palate | 782 | ||
| Psychosocial functioning in the surgery patient | 783 | ||
| ADHD | 784 | ||
| ASD | 785 | ||
| Screening algorithm | 787 | ||
| Summary | 789 | ||
| References | 789 | ||
| Pediatric Stridor | 795 | ||
| Key points | 795 | ||
| Introduction | 795 | ||
| Anatomy and pathophysiology of stridor | 796 | ||
| Physics of Stridor | 796 | ||
| Anatomy of Stridor | 798 | ||
| Supraglottis and pharynx | 798 | ||
| Glottis | 799 | ||
| Subglottis | 800 | ||
| Trachea | 800 | ||
| Evaluation of the stridorous patient | 802 | ||
| History | 802 | ||
| Physical Examination | 804 | ||
| Diagnostic Radiography | 806 | ||
| Multidisciplinary Assessment | 808 | ||
| Gastroenterology | 809 | ||
| Pulmonology | 809 | ||
| Operative Endoscopy | 809 | ||
| Common and illustrative causes of stridor | 810 | ||
| Laryngomalacia | 811 | ||
| Vocal Cord Paralysis | 811 | ||
| Croup | 812 | ||
| Subglottic Stenosis | 812 | ||
| Subglottic Hemangioma | 813 | ||
| Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis | 814 | ||
| Tracheomalacia | 814 | ||
| Complete Tracheal Rings | 815 | ||
| Summary | 815 | ||
| References | 816 | ||
| Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Clefts | 821 | ||
| Key points | 821 | ||
| Introduction | 821 | ||
| Embryology | 822 | ||
| Epidemiology | 822 | ||
| Classification | 824 | ||
| Initial evaluation | 827 | ||
| Prenatal Evaluation | 827 | ||
| Nutritionist | 829 | ||
| Nursing | 830 | ||
| Surgeon | 830 | ||
| Infant Evaluation | 831 | ||
| Primary care | 831 | ||
| Cleft team evaluation | 831 | ||
| Speech pathology | 832 | ||
| Nutrition | 832 | ||
| Audiology | 833 | ||
| Genetics | 833 | ||
| Social work | 833 | ||
| Childhood/adolescent new patient evaluation | 833 | ||
| Airway and Breathing | 833 | ||
| Otology and Audiology | 834 | ||
| Speech | 834 | ||
| Dental/Orthodontics | 834 | ||
| Cleft Surgery | 835 | ||
| Neuropsychology | 835 | ||
| Social Work | 835 | ||
| Nutrition | 835 | ||
| Early interventions | 835 | ||
| Airway and Breathing | 835 | ||
| Feeding | 836 | ||
| Ears | 836 | ||
| Presurgical Orthopedics | 837 | ||
| Surgical management | 837 | ||
| Lip Adhesion | 837 | ||
| Cheiloplasty (with or Without Primary Rhinoplasty) | 838 | ||
| Palatoplasty | 840 | ||
| Columellar Lengthening | 840 | ||
| Secondary Speech Surgery | 841 | ||
| Lip Revision and/or Intermediate Tip Rhinoplasty | 842 | ||
| Alveolar Ridge Bone Grafting | 842 | ||
| Septorhinoplasty | 843 | ||
| Orthognathic Surgery | 843 | ||
| Follow-up care | 843 | ||
| Summary | 843 | ||
| Summary of key points | 843 | ||
| References | 844 | ||
| Index | 853 |