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Book Details
Abstract
Abdominal Ultrasound is comprehensively reviewed by guest editor Wui K. Chong and authors. Articles will include: Ultrasound of the Liver and Spleen; Ultrasound of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tree; Doppler US of the Liver, Portal Hypertension, and TIPS; Contrast evaluation of liver masses; Elastography of the Abdomen; The Role of Sonography in Liver Transplantation; Renal Ultrasound; Ultrasound of the Renal Transplant; Sonography of the Retroperitoneum; Ultrasound Assessment of the Aorta and Mesenteric Arteries; Sonography of the Bowel; Ultrasound of the Abdominal Wall; Ultrasound-Guided Intervention in the Abdomen and Pelvis, and more!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Abdominal Ultrasound | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| Ultrasound Clinics\r | ix | ||
| Preface\r | xiii | ||
| Ultrasound of the Liver and Spleen | 545 | ||
| Key points | 545 | ||
| Introduction | 545 | ||
| Liver | 545 | ||
| Anatomy | 545 | ||
| Diffuse Liver Disease | 546 | ||
| Fatty liver | 546 | ||
| Hepatitis | 547 | ||
| Cirrhosis | 548 | ||
| Hepatic Masses | 549 | ||
| HCC | 549 | ||
| Cavernous Hemangioma | 550 | ||
| Hepatic Cysts | 551 | ||
| FNH | 552 | ||
| Hepatic Adenoma | 552 | ||
| Metastatic Disease | 553 | ||
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 554 | ||
| Hepatic Abscess | 555 | ||
| Biliary Hamartoma | 556 | ||
| Lymphoma | 556 | ||
| Hepatic Trauma | 557 | ||
| Spleen | 557 | ||
| Anatomy | 557 | ||
| Technique | 558 | ||
| Splenic Trauma | 558 | ||
| Splenic Infarction | 558 | ||
| Splenic Cysts | 560 | ||
| Splenic Hamartoma | 560 | ||
| Splenic Abscess | 560 | ||
| Splenic Hemangioma | 561 | ||
| Splenic Lymphoma | 561 | ||
| Splenic Metastatic Disease | 561 | ||
| Splenic Sarcoidosis | 561 | ||
| References | 562 | ||
| Ultrasound of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tree | 567 | ||
| Key points | 567 | ||
| Introduction | 567 | ||
| Gallbladder anatomy | 568 | ||
| Biliary tree anatomy | 568 | ||
| Ultrasound technique | 570 | ||
| Gallstones | 570 | ||
| Biliary sludge | 571 | ||
| Cholecystitis | 572 | ||
| Interventional complications | 575 | ||
| Gallbladder wall thickening and porcelain gallbladder | 575 | ||
| Gallbladder polyps and adenomyomatosis | 576 | ||
| Biliary obstruction | 577 | ||
| Choledocholithiasis | 577 | ||
| Inflammatory and infectious biliary obstruction | 579 | ||
| Biliary tract malignancies | 582 | ||
| Choledochal cysts | 583 | ||
| Summary | 585 | ||
| Supplementary data | 585 | ||
| References | 585 | ||
| Doppler Ultrasound of the Liver, Portal Hypertension, and Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts | 587 | ||
| Key points | 587 | ||
| Introduction | 587 | ||
| Doppler ultrasound technique | 588 | ||
| Hepatic arteries | 588 | ||
| Portal venous system | 589 | ||
| Portal Vein Gas | 589 | ||
| Portal vein stenosis | 589 | ||
| Congestive Cardiac Failure | 589 | ||
| Portal Hypertension | 590 | ||
| Portal vein thrombosis | 594 | ||
| Hepatic veins | 595 | ||
| Change with Respiration | 596 | ||
| Right heart failure | 596 | ||
| Hepatic vein obstruction | 597 | ||
| Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts | 598 | ||
| Complications of TIPS | 600 | ||
| What the referring physician needs to know | 602 | ||
| Summary | 603 | ||
| Supplementary data | 603 | ||
| References | 603 | ||
| Contrast Evaluation of Liver Masses | 605 | ||
| Key points | 605 | ||
| Introduction | 605 | ||
| Part 1: technical considerations | 606 | ||
| Ultrasound Contrast Agents | 606 | ||
| Physical properties | 606 | ||
| Microbubble interaction with ultrasound | 606 | ||
| Enhancement phases | 606 | ||
| Side effects and contraindications | 607 | ||
| Equipment | 608 | ||
| Low mechanical index imaging | 608 | ||
| Imaging mode | 608 | ||
| Analysis and quantification software | 608 | ||
| Examination Procedure | 608 | ||
| UCA administration | 608 | ||
| Bolus injection | 608 | ||
| Infusion injection | 609 | ||
| Imaging | 609 | ||
| Part 2: UCA evaluation of liver masses | 609 | ||
| Characterization of FLL | 609 | ||
| Common benign lesions | 609 | ||
| Hemangioma | 609 | ||
| Focal nodular hyperplasia | 610 | ||
| Hepatocellular adenoma | 611 | ||
| Cystic lesions | 611 | ||
| Infection/Inflammation | 611 | ||
| Focal fatty changes | 611 | ||
| Common malignant lesions | 611 | ||
| Cirrhotic liver | 611 | ||
| Regenerative nodule | 612 | ||
| Dysplastic nodule | 612 | ||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 612 | ||
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 613 | ||
| Metastases | 613 | ||
| Lymphoma | 617 | ||
| Lesion Detection | 617 | ||
| Intraoperative Contrast Ultrasound | 617 | ||
| CEUS in Ablation Therapy | 618 | ||
| Limitations | 618 | ||
| Pitfalls | 619 | ||
| Part 3: future prospects | 619 | ||
| Tumor Perfusion Quantification | 619 | ||
| 3-D and 4-D Imaging with Microbubbles | 619 | ||
| Targeted Imaging | 620 | ||
| Summary | 620 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 620 | ||
| Supplementary data | 620 | ||
| References | 620 | ||
| Elastography of the Abdomen | 625 | ||
| Key points | 625 | ||
| Introduction | 625 | ||
| Principles of elastography | 626 | ||
| SE | 626 | ||
| Elastography Using an ARFI Pulse | 627 | ||
| SWE | 627 | ||
| Elastography of the liver | 628 | ||
| Focal Liver Lesions | 628 | ||
| Diffuse Liver Disease | 628 | ||
| Transient Elastography | 629 | ||
| Shear Wave Speed Measurement | 631 | ||
| SE | 632 | ||
| Elastography of the pancreas | 633 | ||
| Elastography of the GI tract | 636 | ||
| Summary | 636 | ||
| References | 636 | ||
| Update on the Role of Sonography in Liver Transplantation | 641 | ||
| Key points | 641 | ||
| Introduction | 641 | ||
| Use of ultrasonography for preoperative assessment | 642 | ||
| US in the immediate postoperative period | 642 | ||
| Complications of liver transplantation | 643 | ||
| Vascular Complications | 643 | ||
| Hepatic artery complications | 643 | ||
| Hepatic artery thrombosis | 643 | ||
| Hepatic artery stenosis | 643 | ||
| Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm | 644 | ||
| Portal Vein Complications | 644 | ||
| IVC Complications | 645 | ||
| Hepatic Veins | 645 | ||
| Liver Infarction | 645 | ||
| Splenic Artery Steal Syndrome | 646 | ||
| Biliary Complications | 647 | ||
| Biliary Obstruction | 647 | ||
| Bile Leak | 647 | ||
| Postoperative Fluid Collections | 648 | ||
| Infections | 648 | ||
| Malignancy in liver transplantation | 649 | ||
| De novo nonlymphoid malignancies | 649 | ||
| PTLD | 650 | ||
| Recurrent HCC | 650 | ||
| Rejection in transplantation | 650 | ||
| Acute rejection | 651 | ||
| Chronic rejection | 651 | ||
| Summary | 651 | ||
| References | 651 | ||
| Renal Ultrasound | 653 | ||
| Key points | 653 | ||
| Introduction | 653 | ||
| Renal anatomy | 653 | ||
| Sonographic technique | 654 | ||
| Congenital normal variants | 654 | ||
| Infection and inflammation | 656 | ||
| HIV-Related Renal Disease | 660 | ||
| Hydronephrosis | 660 | ||
| Obstructive Hydronephrosis | 661 | ||
| Nonobstructive Hydronephrosis | 665 | ||
| Renal cystic disease | 666 | ||
| Renal neoplasms | 670 | ||
| Perirenal pathology | 674 | ||
| Vascular pathology | 676 | ||
| Summary | 680 | ||
| References | 680 | ||
| Ultrasonography of the Renal Transplant | 683 | ||
| Key points | 683 | ||
| Ultrasound examination of the renal transplant | 683 | ||
| Vascular abnormalities | 684 | ||
| Anatomy | 684 | ||
| Renal artery stenosis | 685 | ||
| Renal artery thrombosis/infarct | 686 | ||
| Renal vein thrombosis | 686 | ||
| Vascular abnormalities after interventional procedures | 687 | ||
| AVF | 687 | ||
| PSA | 688 | ||
| Compartment syndrome | 688 | ||
| Graft dysfunction | 688 | ||
| Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography | 690 | ||
| Elastography | 690 | ||
| Peritransplant fluid collections | 690 | ||
| Urologic complications | 691 | ||
| Urine leak and urinomas | 691 | ||
| Obstruction | 691 | ||
| Stones | 691 | ||
| Neoplastic complications | 692 | ||
| Summary | 693 | ||
| References | 693 | ||
| Sonography of the Retroperitoneum | 697 | ||
| Key points | 697 | ||
| Anatomy of the retroperitoneum | 697 | ||
| Scanning technique | 697 | ||
| Normal structures visible with ultrasonography | 698 | ||
| Adrenal glands | 700 | ||
| Anatomy and Imaging Techniques | 700 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 700 | ||
| Cysts | 701 | ||
| Adrenal tumors | 701 | ||
| Adrenal tumors: benign | 702 | ||
| Adenoma | 702 | ||
| Myelolipoma | 702 | ||
| Pheochromocytoma | 702 | ||
| Uncommon adrenal tumors | 703 | ||
| Adrenal tumors: malignant | 704 | ||
| Metastases | 704 | ||
| Adrenal cortical carcinoma | 704 | ||
| Neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma | 704 | ||
| Pancreas | 704 | ||
| Anatomy and Imaging Techniques | 704 | ||
| Acute Pancreatitis | 705 | ||
| Chronic Pancreatitis | 705 | ||
| Pseudocyst | 706 | ||
| Autoimmune Pancreatitis | 707 | ||
| Pancreatic tumors | 707 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 707 | ||
| Cystic Neoplasms | 708 | ||
| Neuroendocrine Tumors | 708 | ||
| Retroperitoneal Tumors (Extraorgan) | 709 | ||
| Primary neoplasms; malignant | 710 | ||
| Liposarcoma | 711 | ||
| Leiomyosarcoma | 713 | ||
| Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma | 713 | ||
| Primary neoplasms: benign | 713 | ||
| Lipoma/Lipomatosis | 713 | ||
| Retroperitoneal Fibrosis | 714 | ||
| Angiomyolipoma | 715 | ||
| Teratoma | 715 | ||
| Paraganglioma (Extra-Adrenal Pheochromocytoma) | 715 | ||
| Other Neoplasms | 716 | ||
| Neurogenic tumors | 716 | ||
| Lymphadenopathy | 716 | ||
| Fluid collections | 717 | ||
| Hematoma | 717 | ||
| Pseudocyst | 717 | ||
| Abscess | 718 | ||
| Urinoma | 718 | ||
| Lymphocele | 718 | ||
| Lymphangioma/Lymphangiomatosis | 719 | ||
| Pseudolesions | 719 | ||
| Summary | 719 | ||
| References | 719 | ||
| Ultrasonography Assessment of the Aorta and Mesenteric Arteries | 723 | ||
| Key points | 723 | ||
| Introduction | 723 | ||
| Anatomy of the abdominal aorta and its major branches | 723 | ||
| Abdominal Aorta | 723 | ||
| Anatomy of the Mesenteric Arteries and Collateral Pathways | 724 | ||
| Hemodynamics of the abdominal aorta and mesenteric arteries | 724 | ||
| Hemodynamics of the Aorta | 724 | ||
| Hemodynamics of the Mesenteric Vessels | 725 | ||
| Technique | 726 | ||
| Protocol | 726 | ||
| Abdominal Aorta | 726 | ||
| Mesenteric Arteries | 726 | ||
| Atherosclerosis and occlusive arterial disease | 726 | ||
| Aortic Wall Structure | 726 | ||
| Plaque Formation | 727 | ||
| Ultrasonography Assessment of the Plaque and Associated Luminal Stenosis | 727 | ||
| Occlusion of the Aorta | 729 | ||
| Normal sizes of the abdominal aorta | 729 | ||
| AAA | 731 | ||
| Natural History of AAAs | 731 | ||
| Pathophysiology of AAA and AAA Rupture | 731 | ||
| Growth Rate of Aneurysms | 732 | ||
| AAA Screening and Surveillance | 732 | ||
| Types of AAA | 732 | ||
| Diagnostic Criteria | 732 | ||
| Ultrasonography Assessment of AAA | 733 | ||
| Ultrasonography Findings of Aortic Rupture | 734 | ||
| AAA repair and its complications | 734 | ||
| Dissection of the aorta and the mesenteric arteries | 737 | ||
| Atherosclerotic disease of the mesenteric arteries and bowel ischemia | 740 | ||
| Natural History of Bowel Ischemia | 740 | ||
| Diagnostic Criteria of Mesenteric Artery Stenosis | 741 | ||
| Pitfalls in Diagnosis | 742 | ||
| Mesenteric Arterial Occlusion | 743 | ||
| Mesenteric Arterial Dissection | 743 | ||
| Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome | 743 | ||
| Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms of the mesenteric arteries | 745 | ||
| References | 747 | ||
| Sonography of the Bowel | 751 | ||
| Key points | 751 | ||
| Introduction | 751 | ||
| The Gut Signature | 751 | ||
| Gut Wall Pathology | 752 | ||
| Technique | 752 | ||
| Blood Flow Evaluation of the Gut Wall | 753 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Neoplasms | 753 | ||
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 755 | ||
| The Clinical Story | 755 | ||
| Diagnosis and Monitoring of IBD | 756 | ||
| Sonography of IBD | 756 | ||
| Classic features of IBD | 757 | ||
| Gut Wall Thickening | 757 | ||
| Inflammatory Fat | 757 | ||
| Lymphadenopathy | 757 | ||
| Hyperemia | 758 | ||
| Doppler | 758 | ||
| CEUS | 758 | ||
| Complications of CD | 758 | ||
| Strictures | 758 | ||
| Mechanical Bowel Obstruction | 759 | ||
| Inflammatory Masses | 760 | ||
| Localized Perforation | 761 | ||
| Fistula Formation | 762 | ||
| Perianal Inflammatory Disease | 762 | ||
| Complicating Neoplasia | 762 | ||
| Acute abdomen | 763 | ||
| Right Lower Quadrant Pain | 763 | ||
| Acute appendicitis | 763 | ||
| Crohn appendicitis | 766 | ||
| Right-sided diverticulitis | 767 | ||
| Acute typhlitis | 767 | ||
| Mesenteric adenitis and acute terminal ileitis | 767 | ||
| Right-sided segmental omental infarction | 768 | ||
| Left Lower-Quadrant Pain | 768 | ||
| Acute diverticulitis | 768 | ||
| Summary | 770 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 770 | ||
| Supplementary data | 770 | ||
| References | 770 | ||
| Ultrasound of the Abdominal Wall | 775 | ||
| Key points | 775 | ||
| Introduction | 775 | ||
| Anatomy | 775 | ||
| Sonographic technique | 777 | ||
| Hernias | 777 | ||
| Fluid collections | 780 | ||
| Mass lesions | 781 | ||
| Vascular abnormalities | 784 | ||
| Miscellaneous conditions | 786 | ||
| Summary | 789 | ||
| Supplementary data | 789 | ||
| References | 789 | ||
| Ultrasound-Guided Intervention in the Abdomen and Pelvis | 793 | ||
| Key points | 793 | ||
| Introduction | 793 | ||
| Imaging review | 794 | ||
| Sonographer | 794 | ||
| Room setup | 795 | ||
| Imaging nurse | 795 | ||
| Pathology support | 795 | ||
| Needle selection | 795 | ||
| Catheter selection | 796 | ||
| Transducer selection | 796 | ||
| Coagulation and bleeding risk | 797 | ||
| Anticoagulants | 797 | ||
| Hemostatic Agents | 797 | ||
| Platelets | 797 | ||
| Fresh frozen plasma | 797 | ||
| Contraindications | 798 | ||
| Interventional techniques | 799 | ||
| Biopsy techniques | 800 | ||
| Drain placement techniques | 801 | ||
| Patient positioning | 802 | ||
| Hepatic interventions | 802 | ||
| Indications | 802 | ||
| Potential Contraindications | 802 | ||
| Procedure | 802 | ||
| Postprocedure Management | 806 | ||
| Complications | 806 | ||
| Adrenal gland | 807 | ||
| Contraindications | 807 | ||
| Procedure | 807 | ||
| Postprocedure Management | 807 | ||
| Complications | 808 | ||
| Renal interventions | 808 | ||
| Indications | 808 | ||
| Contraindications | 808 | ||
| Procedure | 808 | ||
| Postprocedure Management | 809 | ||
| Complications | 809 | ||
| Splenic interventions | 810 | ||
| Indications | 810 | ||
| Procedure | 810 | ||
| Complications | 810 | ||
| Pelvic interventions | 811 | ||
| Indications | 811 | ||
| Procedure | 811 | ||
| Postprocedure Management | 812 | ||
| Complications | 813 | ||
| Paracentesis | 814 | ||
| Indications | 814 | ||
| Procedure | 814 | ||
| Complications | 814 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 814 | ||
| Fusion guidance—CT, MR, PET | 817 | ||
| Summary | 817 | ||
| Supplementary data | 817 | ||
| References | 817 | ||
| Index | 821 |