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Contribution of FDG to Modern Medicine, Part I, An Issue of PET Clinics, E-Book

Contribution of FDG to Modern Medicine, Part I, An Issue of PET Clinics, E-Book

Søren Hess

(2014)

Additional Information

Abstract

This issue of PET Clinics examines the Contribution of FDG to Modern Medicine. In the first of two issues, articles include: The Basic Principles of FDG-PET/CT Imaging; FDG-PET in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma; FDG-PET in Thoracic Malignancies; FDG-PET/CT in Gastrointestinal Malignancies; FDG-PET/CT in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases; FDG in Urologic Malignancies; FDG-PET for Interventional Oncology in Liver Malignancy; FDG-PET in Neurology and Psychiatry, and more!

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Contribution of FDG toModern Medicine, Part I\r i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
Contents v
Pet Clinics\r viii
Preface\r xi
The Basic Principles of FDG-PET/CT Imaging 355
Key points 355
Introduction 355
Short historical overview of the early PET evolution 356
Basic physics: positron emission and annihilation 357
PET-scanner design 358
Novel Developments 360
PET radionuclides and production of FDG 360
The FDG concept 361
Cellular Uptake of FDG 361
Factors Influencing FDG Uptake 362
Correlation Between 18F-FDG Accumulation and the Levels of GLUT, HK, HIF, and Glucose-6-Phosphatase 362
Patient preparation, physiologic uptake, and pitfalls 363
Concluding remarks 367
References 368
Fluorodeoxyglucose PET in Neurology and Psychiatry 371
Key points 371
Introduction 371
Imaging technique 372
Image Analysis and Data Acquisition 373
Normal anatomy 373
Imaging findings/pathology 374
Dementia 374
Alzheimer's disease (AD) 374
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) 377
Dementia with lewy bodies (DLB) 378
Vascular dementia (VaD) 379
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) 379
Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD) 381
Epilepsy 382
Temporal lobe epilepsy 382
Extratemporal epilepsy 383
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder 383
Summary 384
Acknowledgments 384
References 384
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose PET in Thoracic Malignancies 391
Key points 391
Introduction 391
Lung nodule characterization 391
Staging of non–small cell lung cancer 394
N Staging 394
M Staging 396
New FDG-PET Techniques for Lung Cancer Staging 398
Prognostication of clinical outcome in NSCLC 398
Dual time-point FDG-PET for evaluation of lung nodules and lung cancer 399
Lung Nodule Characterization 399
Lung Cancer Staging 400
Lung Cancer Tumor Biology and Patient Outcome 400
Radiation therapy pretreatment planning and response assessment in NSCLC 401
Systemic therapy response assessment in NSCLC 402
Restaging of NSCLC 402
Other specific thoracic malignancies 403
Small Cell Lung Cancer 403
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma 405
Esophageal Cancer 406
Thymic Epithelial Tumors 409
Summary 411
References 411
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/Computed Tomography in Gastrointestinal Malignancies 421
Key points 421
Introduction 421
Gastric cancer 422
Introduction 422
Staging 422
Recurrence Detection 423
Response Evaluation, Prognosis, and Impact on Management 424
Summary 424
Pancreatic cancer 425
Introduction 425
Initial Diagnosis and Staging 425
Recurrence Detection 426
Response Evaluation, Prognosis, and Impact on Management 426
Summary 427
Primary liver malignancies 427
Introduction 427
Initial Diagnosis and Staging 427
Recurrence Detection 429
Response Evaluation, Prognosis, and Impact on Management 429
Summary 430
Colorectal malignancies and liver metastases 430
Introduction 430
Initial Diagnosis and Staging 430
Primary tumor and lymph node staging 430
Detection of liver metastases 431
Detection of extrahepatic metastases and impact on surgical management 431
Recurrence Detection 432
Response Assessment and Prognosis 433
Summary 434
Stroma cell tumors 434
Introduction 434
Response Assessment and Prognosis 434
Summary 436
Discussion 436
References 437
Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma 443
Key points 443
Introduction 443
FDG–positron emission tomography for initial staging of lymphoma 443
FDG–Positron Emission Tomography Versus CT 443
FDG-PET in Detection of Bone Marrow Involvement 444
FDG-PET in Detecting Extranodal Lesions and Central Nervous System Lymphoma 446
FDG-PET and the Use of Dual-time-point PET 446
FDG-PET for early response evaluation 447
Interpretation of Interim PET Using International Harmonization Project Criteria 448
Interpretation of Interim PET Using Deauville 5PS 448
Interpretation of Interim PET Using Quantitative Analysis 449
FDG-PET for posttreatment evaluation 449
FDG-PET for surveillance 450
Summary 450
References 451
FDG in Urologic Malignancies 457
Key points 457
Introduction 457
Frequency of urologic cancers 457
Kidney cancer 458
Preoperative Use 459
Metastatic Disease 459
Bladder cancer 460
Diagnosis/Staging 460
Prostate cancer 462
Primary Diagnosis 462
Incidental Focal Uptake 462
Staging 464
Restaging 465
Prognostic Value 466
Summary 466
References 466
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose PET for Interventional Oncology in Liver Malignancy 469
Key points 469
Introduction 469
Methods 470
Results 470
Liver Resections 470
Preoperative staging 472
Intrahepatic disease 472
Extrahepatic disease 474
Change of management 474
Role of FDG-PET in the follow-up 476
Role of FDG-PET(/CT) in hepatocellular carcinoma 477
Cost-effectiveness 477
Summary 477
Thermal Ablation Therapy 478
Preinterventional staging 478
Detection of residual tumor/incomplete ablation 478
Early detection of tumor recurrence 482
FDG-PET reading 483
Role of FDG-PET(/CT) in HCC 483
Cost-effectiveness analyses 483
Summary 485
Radioembolization 485
Preinterventional staging 486
Posttreatment imaging 486
Response assessment and prognostication 486
Summary 488
Transarterial Chemoembolization 488
External-Beam Radiation Therapy 489
Discussion 489
References 490
FDG-PET/CT in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases 497
Key points 497
Introduction 497
Systemic infections 497
Fever and Bacteremia of Unknown Origin 497
Immunocompromised Patients 498
Infectious Endocarditis 500
Bone infections 502
Spinal Infection 502
Periprosthetic Joint Infections 503
Diabetic Foot Infection and Charcot Foot 503
Vascular infection and inflammation 505
Vascular Graft Infection 505
Vasculitis 506
Thoracic and abdominal inflammation 507
Sarcoidosis 507
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 509
Potential novel applications 510
Psoriasis and Rheumatoid Arthritis 510
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 512
Venous Thromboembolic Disease 512
Concluding remarks 513
References 513
Index 521