BOOK
Moderate Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Births, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology, E-Book
(2013)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This issue is expected to be in high demand, being extremely valuable to both neonatologists and maternal-fetal medicine physicians. The Guest Editors have put together a very comprehensive issue that looks at the premature infant. Topics include: Moderate Preterm. Late Preterm and Early Term Births: Epidemiology and Trends; Stillbirth Reduction Efforts and Impact on Early Births; Management of Indicated Early Term and Late Preterm Births; Physiological Underpinnings for Clinical Problems in Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm;Brain Maturation in the Second of Half of Pregnancy; Respiratory Disorders in Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Infants; Metabolic and Neurologic Issues in Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Infants; and Quality Initiatives Related to Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Births.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Moderate Preterm,Late Preterm andEarly Term Births | i | ||
| Copyright\r | ii | ||
| Contributors | iii | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Forthcoming Issues | xiii | ||
| The Tug of War Between Stillbirths and Elective Early Births | xv | ||
| References | xviii | ||
| Late Preterm and Early Term Births | xix | ||
| References | xx | ||
| Epidemiology of Moderate Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Delivery | 601 | ||
| Key points | 601 | ||
| Introduction | 601 | ||
| Prevalence rates and temporal trends of moderate preterm, late preterm, and early term deliveries | 602 | ||
| Recurrence of moderate preterm and late preterm deliveries | 603 | ||
| Risk factors for moderate preterm, late preterm, and early term deliveries | 606 | ||
| Adverse infant outcomes associated with delivery from 32 to 38 weeks' gestation | 606 | ||
| Moderate Preterm Birth (32–33 Weeks) | 606 | ||
| Late Preterm Birth (34–36 Weeks) | 606 | ||
| Early Term Birth (37–38 Weeks) | 607 | ||
| Summary | 607 | ||
| References | 607 | ||
| Stillbirth Reduction Efforts and Impact on Early Births | 611 | ||
| Key points | 611 | ||
| Introduction | 611 | ||
| Implications of late preterm or early term delivery | 612 | ||
| Pregnancies at increased risk for stillbirth | 615 | ||
| Hypertension | 615 | ||
| Diabetes | 616 | ||
| Intrauterine Growth Restriction | 617 | ||
| Multiple Gestations | 618 | ||
| Placental Abnormalities | 619 | ||
| Fetal Abnormalities | 620 | ||
| Prior Stillbirth | 620 | ||
| Abnormal Fetal Testing | 621 | ||
| Knowledge gaps | 621 | ||
| Summary | 621 | ||
| References | 625 | ||
| Early Births and Congenital Birth Defects | 629 | ||
| Key points | 629 | ||
| Introduction and historical perspective | 629 | ||
| Birth defects causing early birth | 630 | ||
| Chromosomal Defects | 631 | ||
| Polyhydramnios | 631 | ||
| Congenital Infections | 632 | ||
| Early elective delivery secondary to birth defects | 633 | ||
| Multiple Gestation | 633 | ||
| Gastrointestinal Defects | 635 | ||
| Congenital Heart Disease | 636 | ||
| Growth Issues | 636 | ||
| Maternal conditions associated with birth defects and early birth | 637 | ||
| Obesity | 637 | ||
| Diabetes | 637 | ||
| Depression | 638 | ||
| Behavioral Factors | 639 | ||
| Summary | 639 | ||
| References | 640 | ||
| Physiologic Underpinnings for Clinical Problems in Moderately Preterm and Late Preterm Infants | 645 | ||
| Key points | 645 | ||
| Introduction | 645 | ||
| Thermoregulation | 646 | ||
| Respiratory morbidities | 646 | ||
| RDS | 647 | ||
| TTN | 647 | ||
| Hypoxic Respiratory Failure | 647 | ||
| Pneumonia | 648 | ||
| Autonomic Regulation, Control of Breathing, and Apnea of Prematurity | 648 | ||
| Immunologic immaturity and infections | 648 | ||
| Glucose homeostasis | 653 | ||
| Gastrointestinal immaturity and feeding | 654 | ||
| Hepatic immaturity and hyperbilirubinemia | 655 | ||
| Brain dysmaturity and risk for periventricular leukomalacia | 657 | ||
| Summary | 658 | ||
| References | 658 | ||
| Respiratory Disorders in Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Infants | 665 | ||
| Key points | 665 | ||
| Epidemiology | 665 | ||
| Fetal lung development and neonatal respiratory transition | 667 | ||
| Respiratory morbidities | 671 | ||
| Long-term risk of respiratory disorders | 673 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 674 | ||
| References | 674 | ||
| Jaundice and Kernicterus in the Moderately Preterm Infant | 679 | ||
| Key points | 679 | ||
| Introduction | 679 | ||
| Scope of the problem | 680 | ||
| Mechanism of brain injury | 681 | ||
| Clinical manifestations of hyperbilirubinemia in the moderately preterm infant | 682 | ||
| Clinical management of hyperbilirubinemia in the moderately preterm infant | 682 | ||
| Future directions | 685 | ||
| Summary | 685 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 685 | ||
| References | 685 | ||
| Management of Breastfeeding During and After the Maternity Hospitalization for Late Preterm Infants | 689 | ||
| Key points | 689 | ||
| Late preterm infants and mothers: a population at risk for poor lactation outcomes | 690 | ||
| Suction Pressures and Milk Removal During Breastfeeding in Late Preterm Infants | 691 | ||
| Lactation Risk for Mothers of Late Preterm Infants | 692 | ||
| Late preterm infants cared for in the maternity setting should not be considered healthy term infants | 693 | ||
| Management of breastfeeding for late preterm infants and mothers | 694 | ||
| The Maternity Hospital Stay | 694 | ||
| Preparing for Hospital Discharge | 695 | ||
| Lactation Technologies Suitable for Mothers and LPIs | 695 | ||
| Protecting milk volume | 695 | ||
| Facilitating milk intake during breastfeeding | 697 | ||
| Ensuring adequate milk intake during breastfeeding | 697 | ||
| Discontinuing Lactation Technologies for Mothers and LPIs | 699 | ||
| Adequacy of Exclusive Human Milk for MPIs, LPIs, and ETIs | 699 | ||
| Summary | 700 | ||
| References | 700 | ||
| Neuropathologic Studies of the Encephalopathy of Prematurity in the Late Preterm Infant | 707 | ||
| Key points | 707 | ||
| Introduction | 708 | ||
| Brain development in the second half of human gestation | 709 | ||
| The encephalopathy of prematurity further defined | 710 | ||
| The encephalopathy of prematurity in the late preterm infant | 711 | ||
| Periventicular Leukomalacia (PVL) in the Late Preterm Infant at Autopsy | 711 | ||
| Reactive Gliosis and Activated Microglia in the Cerebral White Matter in EP in Late Preterm Infants at Autopsy | 712 | ||
| Gray Matter Lesions in EP in Late Preterm Infants at Autopsy | 713 | ||
| Thalamic Damage in EP in Late Preterm Infants at Autopsy | 716 | ||
| Deficit of Neurons in the Cerebral White Matter in EP in Late Term Infants at Autopsy | 717 | ||
| Summary | 718 | ||
| References | 719 | ||
| Neurologic and Metabolic Issues in Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Infants | 723 | ||
| Key points | 723 | ||
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 724 | ||
| Periventricular leukomalacia | 726 | ||
| Apnea | 727 | ||
| Maturation of feeding ability | 727 | ||
| Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy | 731 | ||
| Perinatal stroke | 732 | ||
| Control of breathing and thermoregulation | 733 | ||
| Summary | 734 | ||
| References | 734 | ||
| Long-Term Outcomes of Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Infants | 739 | ||
| Key points | 739 | ||
| Background | 739 | ||
| Maternal factors | 740 | ||
| Neonatal characteristics | 740 | ||
| Postdischarge medical problems | 740 | ||
| Neurodevelopmental outcome studies | 741 | ||
| Newborn to Preschool | 741 | ||
| Early School Age | 744 | ||
| Adolescents and Adults | 746 | ||
| Early term infants | 748 | ||
| Summary | 748 | ||
| References | 749 | ||
| Hospital Readmissions and Emergency Department Visits in Moderate Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Infants | 753 | ||
| Key points | 753 | ||
| Kaiser Permanente—primary data collection | 762 | ||
| KPNC cohort | 763 | ||
| Hospital readmissions and diagnoses | 763 | ||
| Readmission age | 766 | ||
| Temporal trends in readmission rates | 767 | ||
| Emergency department visits and diagnoses | 768 | ||
| ED visit age | 768 | ||
| Risk factors for hospital readmissions and ED visits | 769 | ||
| Summary | 771 | ||
| References | 772 | ||
| Appendix\r | 775 | ||
| Quality Initiatives Related to Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Births | 777 | ||
| Key points | 777 | ||
| Introduction | 777 | ||
| OPQC | 778 | ||
| OPQC Neonatal Initiatives | 779 | ||
| Reducing late-onset infections | 779 | ||
| Human milk | 779 | ||
| OPQC Obstetrics Initiatives | 783 | ||
| Thirty-nine weeks delivery project | 783 | ||
| Thirty-nine weeks delivery/birth records accuracy | 783 | ||
| Antenatal corticosteroids | 785 | ||
| Areas for future QI initiatives | 785 | ||
| Delaying Preterm Birth | 785 | ||
| Progesterone | 785 | ||
| Admission/Level of Care | 786 | ||
| Respiratory Management | 786 | ||
| Infection Reduction | 787 | ||
| Feeding Management | 787 | ||
| Discharge Planning | 787 | ||
| Summary | 788 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 788 | ||
| References | 788 | ||
| Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm and Early Term Infants | 791 | ||
| Key points | 791 | ||
| Introduction | 791 | ||
| Some aspects of developmental maturation | 792 | ||
| Definition and epidemiology | 792 | ||
| Obstetric issues | 793 | ||
| Neonatal issues | 793 | ||
| Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems | 794 | ||
| Nervous System | 794 | ||
| Metabolic | 794 | ||
| Nutrition, Breastfeeding and Lactation, and the Gastrointestinal System | 794 | ||
| Immunology and Sepsis | 795 | ||
| Renal and Genitourinary Systems | 795 | ||
| Development Pharmacology | 795 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 795 | ||
| Summary | 795 | ||
| References | 796 | ||
| Index | 799 |