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Cytology E-Book

Cytology E-Book

Edmund S. Cibas | Barbara S. Ducatman

(2013)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

  • Take advantage of comprehensive yet concise coverage of nearly every type of cytology, including gynecologic, non-gynecologic, and FNA.
  • Understand the clinical implications of your diagnoses and better equip yourself to make effective interpretations with clinical correlations emphasized throughout.
  • Make the most informed reporting decisions through an in-depth analysis of common diagnostic pitfalls.
  • Quickly find the answers you need with succinct, bulleted text, valuable clinical pearls, and useful summaries of key points.
  • Gain real-life perspective on a complete range of cytologic findings with over 700 crystal-clear, full-color illustrations.
  • Access expert knowledge and key insights into HPV testing; new billing and coding guidelines; patient management discussions; and much more, thanks to comprehensive updates throughout.
  • See how to perform fine needle biopsy aspiration with a new 17-minute video available at Expert Consult. Narrated by pathologist Dr. Amy Ly, the video includes a patient interview, precautions, and demonstrations of techniques.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
IFC IFC
Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates iii
Copyright iv
Dedication v
CONTRIBUTORS vii
PREFACE ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi
CONTENTS xiii
CHAPTER 1 - CERVICAL AND VAGINAL CYTOLOGY 1
History of the Papanicolaou Test and Its Current Practice 2
Sampling and Preparation Methods 3
Automated Screening 5
Accuracy and Reproducibility 7
The Bethesda System 8
The Normal Pap 10
Organisms and Infections 18
Benign and Reactive Changes 23
Vaginal Specimens in “DES Daughters” 28
Squamous Abnormalities 28
Glandular Abnormalities 40
Other Malignant Neoplasms 49
Endometrial Cells in Women Older than 40 Years of Age 50
REFERENCES 52
CHAPTER 2 - RESPIRATORY TRACT AND MEDIASTINUM 59
Molecular Testing of Lung Cancers 64
Benign Cellular Changes 66
Infections 69
Benign Neoplasms of the Lung 78
Lung Cancer 79
Uncommon Pulmonary Tumors 93
Metastatic Cancers to the Lung 95
Tumors of the Mediastinum 95
REFERENCES 98
CHAPTER 3 - URINE AND BLADDER WASHINGS 105
Specimen Collection 106
Processing 107
Reporting Terminology and Adequacy Criteria 107
Accuracy 107
Normal Elements 108
Benign Lesions 110
Urothelial Neoplasms 113
Other Malignant Lesions 118
Diagnosing Difficult or Borderline Specimens: Common Patterns 120
Ancillary Techniques 121
Summary 123
REFERENCES 123
CHAPTER 4 - PLEURAL, PERICARDIAL, AND PERITONEAL FLUIDS 127
Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Reporting Terminology 127
Accuracy 128
Benign Elements 128
Non-Neoplastic Conditions 130
Eosinophilic Effusions 130
Malignant Effusions 133
REFERENCES 151
CHAPTER 5 - PERITONEAL WASHINGS 155
Accuracy 156
The Normal Peritoneal Washing 156
Benign Conditions 157
Malignant Tumors 160
REFERENCES 168
CHAPTER 6 - CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 171
Anatomy and Physiology 171
Obtaining and Preparing the Specimen 171
Reporting Terminology 172
Accuracy 172
Normal Elements 173
Abnormal Inflammatory Cells 174
Non-Neoplastic Disorders 177
Neoplasms 180
REFERENCES 193
CHAPTER 7 - GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 197
Clinical Indications 197
Sample Collection and Processing 198
Accuracy 199
Review of Morphologic Findings 199
Esophagus 200
Stomach 206
Duodenum 212
Colon 215
The Anal Pap Test 215
REFERENCES 216
CHAPTER 8 - FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY TECHNIQUE AND SPECIMEN HANDLING 221
Introduction 221
Materials and Supplies 221
Preparing the Sample 224
Variations on Biopsy Technique 230
Complications 231
Management of Adverse and Unexpected Events 231
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 232
REFERENCES 232
ADDITIONAL RESOURCE 232
CHAPTER 9 - BREAST 233
Specimen Types 233
Reporting Terminology 235
Evaluation of the Specimen 236
The Normal Breast 237
Benign Conditions 237
Papillary Neoplasms 245
Phyllodes Tumor 246
Breast Cancer 248
Uncommon Breast Tumors 255
Metastatic Tumors 258
REFERENCES 259
CHAPTER 10 - THYROID 267
Aspiration Technique and Slide Preparation 268
Terminology for Reporting Results 269
Accuracy 270
Ancillary Molecular Testing 270
Evaluation of the Specimen 270
Benign Conditions 271
Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm 279
Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm, Hürthle Cell Type 280
Malignant Conditions 282
Atypia of Undetermined Significance (or Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance) 292
Parathyroid Tumors 293
REFERENCES 293
CHAPTER 11 - SALIVARY GLAND 299
Rationale, Indications, and Technical Considerations 299
Diagnostic Overview 300
The Normal Aspirate 301
Non-Neoplastic Conditions 302
Benign Neoplasms 308
Carcinomas of Salivary Gland Origin 316
Rare Malignant Neoplasms 322
Other Malignancies 326
Miscellaneous 327
REFERENCES 327
CHAPTER 12 - LYMPH NODES 333
Technical Aspects 334
Reporting Terminology and Accuracy 334
Ancillary Studies 335
Non-Neoplastic Lesions 337
Neoplasms 347
REFERENCES 370
CHAPTER 13 - LIVER 375
The Normal Liver 375
Infections 377
Benign Lesions 378
REFERENCES 394
CHAPTER 14 - PANCREAS AND BILIARY TREE 399
Indications 399
Sampling Techniques 399
Complications 400
Rapid On-Site Evaluation 400
Sample Preparation and Cyst Fluid Analysis 400
Accuracy and Limitations 400
Reporting Terminology 401
Normal Pancreas and Bile Duct 401
Pancreatitis and Reactive Changes 403
Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia 404
Ductal Adenocarcinoma 404
Variants of Ductal Adenocarcinoma 405
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 407
Acinar Cell Carcinoma 410
Solid-Pseudopapillary Neoplasm 411
Pancreatoblastoma 413
Pancreatic Cysts 413
Secondary Pancreatic Neoplasms and Ectopic Splenic Tissue 417
REFERENCES 418
CHAPTER 15 - KIDNEY AND ADRENAL GLAND 423
The Kidney 423
The Adrenal Gland 442
REFERENCES 446
CHAPTER 16 - OVARY 453
Obtaining the Specimen 454
Accuracy 454
Benign Tumorlike Lesions of the Ovary 455
Germ Cell Tumors 463
Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors 465
Uncommon Primary Ovarian Tumors 469
Metastatic Tumors 469
REFERENCES 469
CHAPTER 17 - SOFT TISSUE 471
Ancillary Studies 473
Reporting Terminology 473
Myxoid Neoplasms 480
Spindle Cell Neoplasms 488
So-Called Fibrohistiocytic Neoplasms 499
Round Cell Neoplasms 501
Epithelioid Neoplasms 505
Pleomorphic Neoplasms 510
Dedifferentiated Sarcomas 512
Non-Neoplastic Soft Tissue Lesions 512
REFERENCES 514
CHAPTER 18 - LABORATORY MANAGEMENT 519
Agencies and Organizations 519
Regulations 520
Laboratory Personnel 521
Policy and Procedure Manuals 523
Workflow 523
Billing 524
Quality Control and Quality Assurance 534
Competency Assessment 536
Proficiency Testing 537
Performance Evaluation 538
Safety 541
REFERENCES 545
INDEX 547
IBC IBC