Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This book provides introductory coverage of growth and development throughout the lifespan. The content emphasizes normal aspects as well as the unique problems and health promotion needs of each age and stage of development. It features a strong health promotion theme structured around Healthy People 2020 objectives.
- Lifespan coverage from prenatal development to death helps students integrate concepts related to normal changes in each stage of the life cycle.
- Coverage of current research and trends in health care provide readers with the most up-to-date, accurate information.
- Health promotion and disease prevention, including Healthy People 2020 objectives, are highlighted throughout the book.
- Cultural content is highlighted throughout the book and in new Chapter 3: Cultural Considerations in Health Care to encourage students to consider cultural implications at every stage of development.
- Separate chapter on advanced old age and geriatrics (Chapter 14) discuss the theories, physiological changes, and psychological aspects of aging; health promotion and maintenance; and the role of health care providers in caring for the geriatric patient. All of this helps students understand how to maintain quality of life and promote health in advanced old age.
- Teaching techniques for every developmental stage are part of a consistent chapter format and provide age-appropriate patient education tips.
- Consistent chapter organization for each stage of growth and development makes information easy to access.
- Critical Thinking scenarios and questions appear at the end of each chapter to help students consider all variables when planning care across the lifespan.
- Student learning features include Objectives, Key Terms, Key Points, and Review Questions.
- Appendix A includes the FDA's Recommended Child and Adult Immunization Schedules, providing essential health promotion information.
- NEW Appendix B provides a Multilingual Glossary of Symptoms to enhance students' awareness of culturally sensitive care.
- Glossary includes definitions of Key Terms and additional terms help students review concepts and terminology at a glance.
- Bibliography is organized by chapter at the end of the book to facilitate additional research and study.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| GROWTH and DEVELOPMENT Across the Lifespan: A Health Promotion Focus | i | ||
| Copyright | ii | ||
| Dedication | iii | ||
| Ancillary Writers | v | ||
| Reviewers | vi | ||
| Preface | vii | ||
| Acknowledgments | viii | ||
| Contents | x | ||
| Chapter 1: Healthy People 2020 | 1 | ||
| Definition | 1 | ||
| What Healthy People 2020 Is | 1 | ||
| What Healthy People 2020 Does | 2 | ||
| Leading Health Indicators | 2 | ||
| Determinants of Health | 3 | ||
| Health Status | 6 | ||
| Progress and goals yet to be achieved | 6 | ||
| Issues and goals related to phases of the life cycle | 8 | ||
| Prenatal and Infant Health | 8 | ||
| Childhood Health | 8 | ||
| Adolescent and Young-Adult Health | 9 | ||
| Older Adult Health | 9 | ||
| Geriatric Adult Health | 9 | ||
| Role of the health-care worker in achieving Healthy People 2020 goals | 9 | ||
| World health | 10 | ||
| Chapter 2: Government Influences on Health Care | 13 | ||
| The Importance of Understanding the Role of Government in Health Care | 13 | ||
| Health-Care Legislation | 13 | ||
| Hospitals and Nursing Schools | 14 | ||
| The Multidisciplinary Health-Care Team | 15 | ||
| Nurse Practice Acts | 15 | ||
| Patient's Bill of Rights | 15 | ||
| The Government's Role in Health Care | 19 | ||
| United States Department of Health and Human Services | 19 | ||
| Direct Services | 19 | ||
| Financing | 19 | ||
| Information | 20 | ||
| Policy Setting | 20 | ||
| The Rising Costs of Health Care | 23 | ||
| Health Care Delivery Systems | 23 | ||
| Private Health Insurance | 23 | ||
| Health-Care Reform | 23 | ||
| Resurgence of Self Care | 24 | ||
| Global Health | 24 | ||
| The Future of Health Care | 24 | ||
| Chapter 3: Cultural Considerations Across the Lifespan and in Health and Illness | 27 | ||
| Culture and Pregnancy | 30 | ||
| Culture and the Child | 30 | ||
| Culture and the Adolescent | 30 | ||
| Culture and the Adult | 31 | ||
| Culture and the Older Adult | 31 | ||
| Culture and Health Beliefs | 31 | ||
| Culture and Illness | 32 | ||
| Culture and Death | 32 | ||
| Culture and Teaching | 33 | ||
| Culture and Food | 33 | ||
| Complementary and Alternative Therapies and Culture | 34 | ||
| The Government's Role in Promoting Culturally Competent Care | 34 | ||
| Chapter 4:The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle | 37 | ||
| Definition | 37 | ||
| Family Structure | 38 | ||
| Effect of Family on Growth and Development of the Child | 38 | ||
| Size of Family | 40 | ||
| Spacing of Siblings | 40 | ||
| Divorce | 40 | ||
| Stepchildren and Foster Children | 41 | ||
| Chronic Illness | 42 | ||
| Use of Child-Care Services | 42 | ||
| Understanding Families Through Theories | 43 | ||
| Family Systems Theory | 43 | ||
| The Family Apgar | 43 | ||
| Developmental Theories | 45 | ||
| Growth and Development of the Family | 45 | ||
| Developmental Tasks of the Family Life Cycle | 45 | ||
| Role of the Health-Care Worker | 47 | ||
| Childrearing Styles | 48 | ||
| Influence of Electronic Media and Technology | 50 | ||
| The Growth of Social Networking Sites | 52 | ||
| Effects of a Disaster on Family and Development | 53 | ||
| Role of the Health-Care Team | 54 | ||
| Effect of Community on Family and Development | 54 | ||
| Healthy Lifestyle Habits | 54 | ||
| Family-Centered Health Care | 55 | ||
| Chapter 5: Theories of Development | 57 | ||
| Definition | 57 | ||
| Importance of Understanding Developmental Theories | 58 | ||
| Selected Theories of Development | 59 | ||
| Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud) | 59 | ||
| Psychodynamic Theory (Jung) | 60 | ||
| Stages of the Life Cycle: A Psychosocial Theory (Erikson) | 60 | ||
| Psychosocial Theory (Levinson) | 62 | ||
| Cognitive Theory (Piaget) | 62 | ||
| Cognitive Theory (Loevinger) | 63 | ||
| Constructive Theory (Kegan) | 63 | ||
| Theory of Language and Culture (Vygotsky) | 63 | ||
| Social and Economic Influences (Bronfenbrenner) | 63 | ||
| Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) | 65 | ||
| Environmental Theory (Rogers) | 65 | ||
| Behaviorist Theory (Watson) | 65 | ||
| Behaviorist Theory of Personality (Pavlov and Skinner) | 66 | ||
| Social-Learning Theories of Personality (Bandura and Mischel) | 66 | ||
| Theory of Moral Development (Kohlberg) | 66 | ||
| Development of Self-Image (Cooley and Mead) | 67 | ||
| Developmental Tasks of the Older Adult (Peck) | 68 | ||
| Developmental Tasks of the Older Adult (Havighurst) | 68 | ||
| Developmental Stages of Retirement (Atchley) | 68 | ||
| Additional Influences on Growth and Development | 69 | ||
| Chapter 6: Prenatal Influences on Healthy Development | 72 | ||
| The Human Genome Project | 72 | ||
| Heredity | 73 | ||
| Genetic Counseling | 74 | ||
| Gene Therapy | 74 | ||
| Screening Procedures and Therapies | 75 | ||
| ElSI | 75 | ||
| Fetal Development | 75 | ||
| Twins | 79 | ||
| The Prenatal Phase | 79 | ||
| Critical Periods | 79 | ||
| Exercise During Pregnancy | 79 | ||
| Toxins | 80 | ||
| Maternal Adaptations During the Prenatal Phase | 81 | ||
| The Birth Process | 83 | ||
| The Newborn Infant | 83 | ||
| The Transition to Motherhood | 85 | ||
| Postnatal Exercise | 85 | ||
| Fathers or Significant Others | 85 | ||
| Siblings | 86 | ||
| Grandparents | 87 | ||
| Developmental Tasks and Responses of the Neonate | 88 | ||
| Development of Intelligence | 89 | ||
| Play Activities and Neonatal Development | 91 | ||
| Chapter 7: The Infant | 94 | ||
| Definition | 94 | ||
| Developmental Tasks | 96 | ||
| Trust Versus Mistrust | 96 | ||
| Intelligence | 96 | ||
| Understanding Cause and Effect | 96 | ||
| Memory | 96 | ||
| Emotional Development | 97 | ||
| Attachment | 97 | ||
| Language Development | 99 | ||
| Motor Development | 101 | ||
| Physical Activity | 101 | ||
| Autonomy | 101 | ||
| Sleep Patterns | 105 | ||
| Role of Play in Fostering Growth and Development | 106 | ||
| Health Maintenance | 106 | ||
| Nutrition | 106 | ||
| Teeth | 108 | ||
| Immunizations | 108 | ||
| Accident Prevention | 109 | ||
| Chapter 8: Early Childhood | 111 | ||
| Definition | 111 | ||
| Developmental Tasks | 111 | ||
| Physiological Changes | 112 | ||
| Nutrition | 113 | ||
| Psychosocial Development | 114 | ||
| Language Development and Communication Skills | 114 | ||
| The Toddler | 114 | ||
| The Preschooler | 115 | ||
| Cognitive Development | 115 | ||
| Moral Development | 118 | ||
| Discipline | 118 | ||
| Sexuality | 120 | ||
| Physical Activity | 120 | ||
| Play | 121 | ||
| Day Care | 122 | ||
| Teaching Techniques | 123 | ||
| Safety and Accident Prevention | 123 | ||
| Immunizations | 128 | ||
| Physiological changes | 132 | ||
| Exercise and Play | 133 | ||
| Cognitive development | 140 | ||
| Cognitive Styles | 142 | ||
| Communication Skills | 142 | ||
| Intelligence Tests | 143 | ||
| Psychosocial development | 143 | ||
| Task of Industry | 143 | ||
| Peer Relationships | 143 | ||
| Latchkey Children | 144 | ||
| Sexuality | 144 | ||
| Teaching techniques | 146 | ||
| Discipline | 147 | ||
| Developmental tasks | 152 | ||
| Physiological changes | 152 | ||
| Physical Activity | 152 | ||
| Puberty | 154 | ||
| Boys | 154 | ||
| Girls | 154 | ||
| Teen Pregnancy | 157 | ||
| Cognitive development | 158 | ||
| Psychosocial Development | 159 | ||
| Teen Violence | 160 | ||
| Development of responsibility | 160 | ||
| Peer relationships | 161 | ||
| Sexuality | 162 | ||
| Teaching techniques | 163 | ||
| Chapter 11: Young Adulthood | 166 | ||
| Definition | 166 | ||
| Developmental Tasks | 167 | ||
| Physiological Changes | 167 | ||
| Physical Activity | 168 | ||
| Women's Health | 171 | ||
| Pregnancy | 172 | ||
| Stress, Coping, and Domestic Violence | 174 | ||
| Men's Health | 175 | ||
| Psychosocial Development | 175 | ||
| Intimacy | 176 | ||
| Cognitive Ability | 176 | ||
| Moral Reasoning | 177 | ||
| Sexuality | 177 | ||
| Marriage | 177 | ||
| Parenting | 180 | ||
| Teaching Techniques | 180 | ||
| Chapter 12: Middle Adulthood | 183 | ||
| Definition | 183 | ||
| Developmental Tasks | 184 | ||
| Challenges | 184 | ||
| Midlife Crisis | 185 | ||
| The Sandwich Generation | 185 | ||
| Sexuality | 186 | ||
| Reproductive Health | 187 | ||
| Women's Health | 187 | ||
| Men's Health | 188 | ||
| Physical Activity | 189 | ||
| Teaching Techniques | 190 | ||
| Chapter 13:Late Adulthood | 195 | ||
| Definition | 195 | ||
| Statistics | 196 | ||
| Income | 196 | ||
| Education Level | 196 | ||
| Challenges and Problems | 200 | ||
| Psychosocial Development | 201 | ||
| Psychosocial Issues | 201 | ||
| Grandparenting | 202 | ||
| Postmenopause | 202 | ||
| Lifestyle Changes | 203 | ||
| Driving Safety | 203 | ||
| Health Screenings | 203 | ||
| Sexuality | 204 | ||
| Memory Loss | 205 | ||
| Emotional Health | 205 | ||
| Depression | 206 | ||
| Clinical Disease | 207 | ||
| Physical Activity | 208 | ||
| Teaching Techniques | 209 | ||
| Chapter 14:Advanced Old Age and Geriatrics | 212 | ||
| Definition | 212 | ||
| Theories of the Aging Process | 214 | ||
| Cellular Changes | 214 | ||
| Free Radicals | 214 | ||
| Biological Clock (Programmed Cell Death) | 214 | ||
| Wear-and-Tear Theory | 214 | ||
| Immune Theory | 214 | ||
| Physiological Changes | 214 | ||
| Bones and Cartilage | 214 | ||
| Blood Vessels | 215 | ||
| Lungs | 215 | ||
| Kidneys and Bladder | 215 | ||
| Metabolism | 215 | ||
| Digestion | 215 | ||
| Teeth | 216 | ||
| Skin | 216 | ||
| Eyes | 216 | ||
| Ears | 216 | ||
| Nervous System | 217 | ||
| Sexuality | 217 | ||
| Sexual Responses in the Aging Woman | 218 | ||
| Sexual Responses in the Aging Man | 218 | ||
| The Impact of Illness on Sexuality | 219 | ||
| Psychological Changes | 220 | ||
| Developmental Tasks | 221 | ||
| Role of the Health-Care Worker | 224 | ||
| Chapter 15:Planning for the End of Life | 227 | ||
| Death as Part of the Life Cycle | 227 | ||
| Signs and Symptoms of Death | 228 | ||
| The Process of Dying | 228 | ||
| Psychological Responses of the Dying Patient | 229 | ||
| Family Behaviors Related to the Dying Process | 230 | ||
| Options for End-of-Life Care | 234 | ||
| Acute Care of the Dying Patient | 234 | ||
| Hospice Care | 235 | ||
| Ethical and Legal Issues | 235 | ||
| Advance Directives | 235 | ||
| Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care | 236 | ||
| Living Will | 236 | ||
| Do Not Resuscitate Order | 236 | ||
| Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia | 236 | ||
| Role of the Health-Care Worker in End-of-Life Care | 237 | ||
| Death of a Child | 237 | ||
| Developmental Concepts of Death and Dying | 238 | ||
| Toddler | 238 | ||
| Preschooler | 238 | ||
| School-Age Child | 238 | ||
| Adolescent | 240 | ||
| Physical Care After Death | 240 | ||
| Chapter 16:Loss, Grief, and Bereavement | 242 | ||
| The Concept of Loss | 242 | ||
| Normal Losses During the Life Cycle | 242 | ||
| Abnormal or Atypical Losses | 243 | ||
| Responses to Loss | 243 | ||
| Tasks Associated with Death | 243 | ||
| Grief | 243 | ||
| Grief Process | 244 | ||
| Culture, Religion, and Death | 244 | ||
| Normal Grief Responses | 244 | ||
| Dysfunctional Grieving | 247 | ||
| Role of the Health-Care Worker | 249 | ||
| Tasks of the Family | 250 | ||
| Grief Early in the Life Cycle | 250 | ||
| Pregnant Women | 250 | ||
| Infants | 251 | ||
| Children | 251 | ||
| Adolescents | 252 | ||
| Young Adults | 252 | ||
| The Healing Process | 252 | ||
| Reintegration and Adjustment | 252 | ||
| Mastering Tasks Leading Toward Grief Healing | 253 | ||
| Helping Grieving Survivors | 253 | ||
| Condolence | 253 | ||
| Appendix: A Child, Adolescent, and Adult Immunization Schedules | 257 | ||
| Appendix: B Multilingual Glossary of Symptoms | 262 | ||
| Bibliography and Online Resources | 276 | ||
| Chapter 1 Healthy People 2020 | 276 | ||
| Online Resources | 277 | ||
| Chapter 2 Government Influences on Health Care | 277 | ||
| Online Resources | 278 | ||
| Chapter 3 Cultural Considerations Across the Lifespan and in Health and Illness | 279 | ||
| Online Resources | 279 | ||
| Chapter 4 The Influence of Family on Developing a Lifestyle | 280 | ||
| Online Resources | 281 | ||
| Chapter 5 Theories of Development | 281 | ||
| Chapter 6 Prenatal Influences on Healthy Development | 282 | ||
| Online Resources | 283 | ||
| Chapter 7 The Infant | 283 | ||
| Online Resources | 284 | ||
| Chapter 8 Early Childhood | 285 | ||
| Online Resources | 286 | ||
| Chapter 9 Middle Childhood | 286 | ||
| Online Resource | 287 | ||
| Chapter 10 Adolescence | 287 | ||
| Online Resources | 288 | ||
| Chapter 11 Young Adulthood | 289 | ||
| Online Resources | 289 | ||
| Chapter 12 Middle Adulthood | 289 | ||
| Online Resources | 290 | ||
| Chapter 13 Late Adulthood | 290 | ||
| Online Resources | 293 | ||
| Chapter 14 Advanced Old Age and Geriatrics | 293 | ||
| Online Resources | 295 | ||
| Chapter 15 Planning for the End of Life | 295 | ||
| Online Resources | 297 | ||
| Chapter 16 Loss, Grief, and Bereavement | 297 | ||
| Online Resources | 298 | ||
| Index | 299 | ||
| Answers to Review Questions | 321 | ||
| Table of Contents | 322 |