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Book Details
Abstract
Yen & Jaffe’s Reproductive Endocrinology helps you successfully diagnose and manage the spectrum of female and male reproductive system diseases, from impaired fertility, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss through problems of sexual development, puberty, menstrual disturbances, fibroids, endometriosis, and reproductive aging. This trusted endocrinology reference book is ideal for studying or as a quick reference when making daily diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, ensuring it's just the resource you need to offer your patients the best possible care.
- Apply the latest reproductive endocrinology advances in basic and clinical science, including molecular, cellular, and genetic concepts, and grasp their relevance to pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy.
- Maximize fertility in women and men undergoing chemotherapy and other cancer treatments, and counsel patients on environmental factors affecting reproduction.
- Stay on top of recent developments including the impact of obesity on fertility; ovarian tissue banking; cryopreservation; pre-implantation genetic diagnosis; ovulation induction; and risks and treatments for steroid hormone-responsive cancers.
- View basic anatomic structures, endocrine processes, and cell function and dysfunction with absolute clarity through full-color illustrations and new images throughout.
- Confidently perform procedures through expanded coverage of reproductive and infertility surgery.
- Apply the latest reproductive endocrinology advances in basic and clinical science, including molecular, cellular, and genetic concepts, and grasp their relevance to pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy.
- Maximize fertility in women and men undergoing chemotherapy and other cancer treatments, and counsel patients on environmental factors affecting reproduction.
- Stay on top of recent developments including the impact of obesity on fertility; ovarian tissue banking; cryopreservation; pre-implantation genetic diagnosis; ovulation induction; and risks and treatments for steroid hormone-responsive cancers.
- View basic anatomic structures, endocrine processes, and cell function and dysfunction with absolute clarity through full-color illustrations and new images throughout.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Yen & Jaffe’s Reproductive Endocrinology\r | iii | ||
| Copyright\r | iv | ||
| Remembrance | v | ||
| Contributors | vii | ||
| Preface | xiii | ||
| Acknowledgments | xiii | ||
| Contents | xv | ||
| PART\r1 - ENDOCRINOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1\rNeuroendocrinology of Reproduction | 3 | ||
| The Central Control of Reproduction | 3 | ||
| Neuroendocrinology: The Interface Between Neurobiology and Endocrinology | 3 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 26 | ||
| References | 26.e1 | ||
| Chapter 2 - The Gonadotropin Hormones and Their Receptors* | 27 | ||
| Other Heterodimeric Glycoproteins Related to the Gonadotropins | 29 | ||
| Gonadotropin Receptors | 35 | ||
| Low Molecular Weight Gonadotropin Receptor Agonists and Antagonists | 39 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 44 | ||
| References | 44.e1 | ||
| Chapter 3 - Prolactin in Human Reproduction | 45 | ||
| Anatomy and Physiology | 45 | ||
| Neuroendocrine Regulation | 48 | ||
| Prolactin Action | 50 | ||
| Prolactinoma | 56 | ||
| Pregnancy in Women with Prolactinomas | 63 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 65 | ||
| References | 65.e1 | ||
| Chapter 4 - The Synthesis and Metabolism of Steroid Hormones | 66 | ||
| Steroid Hormone Structure and Nomenclature | 66 | ||
| Organization of Steroidogenic Organs and Cells | 67 | ||
| Acquisition, Storage, and Trafficking of Cholesterol | 67 | ||
| Regulation of Cellular Cholesterol Balance | 70 | ||
| Overview of Steroidogenesis | 70 | ||
| Other Steroid Hormone Metabolical Pathways | 84 | ||
| Regulation of Expression of the Steroidogenic Machinery | 86 | ||
| Examples of Extraglandular Steroidogenesis | 88 | ||
| Secretion, Production, and Metabolic Clearance Rates of Steroid Hormones | 88 | ||
| Plasma Steroid Hormone–Binding Proteins | 89 | ||
| Inhibitors of Steroidogenic Enzymes | 90 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 92 | ||
| References | 92.e11 | ||
| Chapter 5 - Steroid Hormone Action | 93 | ||
| Steroid Hormone Receptors Act as Ligand-Dependent Transcription Factors or Repressors | 93 | ||
| Evolution of Steroid Hormone Receptor Structure and Function | 93 | ||
| ? | 94 | ||
| Activation and Repression of Gene Expression | 97 | ||
| General Factors That Influence Steroid Hormone Action | 100 | ||
| Nongenomic Actions of Steroids | 105 | ||
| Summary | 107 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 107 | ||
| References | 107.e1 | ||
| Chapter 6 - Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators in Reproductive Medicine | 108 | ||
| Biosynthesis of Eicosanoids | 108 | ||
| Pharmacology of Eicosanoids | 113 | ||
| Eicosanoids and Reproduction | 116 | ||
| Summary | 123 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 123 | ||
| References | 123.e1 | ||
| Chapter 7 - Growth Factors and Reproduction | 124 | ||
| Ovarian Development | 124 | ||
| Ovarian Folliculogenesis | 127 | ||
| Formation of the Reproductive Tracts | 132 | ||
| Regression of the Müllerian Ducts | 133 | ||
| Role of Growth Factors in Uterine Biology | 135 | ||
| Growth Factor Pathways in Male Reproduction | 139 | ||
| Growth Factors in the Clinic | 139 | ||
| Conclusions | 139 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 139 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 139 | ||
| Supplemental Table References | 140.e4 | ||
| References | 140.e6 | ||
| Chapter 8 - Neuroendocrine Control of the Menstrual Cycle | 141 | ||
| The Reproductive Axis | 141 | ||
| Neuroendocrine Components of the Reproductive Axis | 141 | ||
| Differential Control of LH and FSH Secretion | 145 | ||
| The Normal Menstrual Cycle | 148 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 156 | ||
| References | 156.e1 | ||
| Chapter 9 - The Ovarian Life Cycle | 157 | ||
| Primordial Germ Cells | 157 | ||
| Ovarian Morphogenesis | 159 | ||
| Epigenetic Programming and Germ Cell Development | 160 | ||
| The Follicle and Its Surroundings | 161 | ||
| The Follicular Life Cycle | 168 | ||
| Ovarian Aging | 185 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 191 | ||
| References | 191.e1 | ||
| Chapter 10 - The Structure, Function, and Evaluation of the Female Reproductive Tract | 192 | ||
| Structure and Morphology | 192 | ||
| Steroid Hormone Regulation of Female Reproductive Tract Growth and Differentiation | 195 | ||
| The Adult Female Reproductive Tract and Dynamic Changes During the Menstrual Cycle | 200 | ||
| Immunology of the Reproductive Tract | 214 | ||
| Uterine Receptivity and Embryo Implantation | 217 | ||
| The Role of Growth Factors, Cytokines and Gondadotropins in Establishing a Receptive State | 223 | ||
| Early Implantation Events in the Human | 227 | ||
| Biochemical Evaluation of the Endometrium | 230 | ||
| Clinical Evaluation of the Endometrium | 231 | ||
| Uterine Transplantation | 235 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 235 | ||
| References | 235.e1 | ||
| Chapter 11 - The Breast | 236 | ||
| Development of the Breast | 236 | ||
| Mammary Stem Cells | 237 | ||
| Estradiol and Testosterone: Duelling Steroids | 237 | ||
| Lactation | 237 | ||
| Benign Breast Disease | 241 | ||
| Breast Cancer | 242 | ||
| Suggested Reading | 242 | ||
| References | 242.e1 | ||
| Chapter 12 - The Endocrinology of Human Pregnancy and Fetal-Placental Neuroendocrine Development | 243 | ||
| Establishment of Pregnancy | 243 | ||
| The Endocrine Placenta | 246 | ||
| Development of the Fetal Neuroendocrine System | 258 | ||
| Fetal Maturation and Timing of Parturition | 263 | ||
| Suggested Reading | 271 | ||
| References | 271.e1 | ||
| Chapter 13 - The Hypothalamo-Pituitary Unit, Testis, and Male Accessory Organs | 272 | ||
| Physiology of the Male Gonadal Axis | 272 | ||
| Sex-Steroid Receptors | 278 | ||
| The Testis | 281 | ||
| Prostate Gland | 282 | ||
| Spermatogenesis | 282 | ||
| Sertoli Cells | 285 | ||
| Regulation of Male Fertility | 285 | ||
| Decremental Changes in GNRH-LH-TE Axis in Aging | 285 | ||
| Acknowledgments | 286 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 286 | ||
| References | 286.e1 | ||
| Chapter 14 - Immunology and Reproduction | 287 | ||
| Basic Immune Principles | 287 | ||
| Alloimmunity and Reproduction | 297 | ||
| Autoimmunity and Reproduction | 301 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 307 | ||
| References | 307.e1 | ||
| Chapter 15 - Menopause and Aging | 308 | ||
| Epidemiology | 308 | ||
| Breast Cancer | 330 | ||
| The Decision to Use Estrogen | 334 | ||
| Androgen Therapy | 336 | ||
| Alternative Therapies for Menopause | 336 | ||
| Use of a Progestogen | 337 | ||
| Aging | 338 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 339 | ||
| References | 339.e1 | ||
| Chapter 16 - Male Reproductive Aging | 340 | ||
| Changes in Male Reproductive Function with Age | 340 | ||
| Attempts to Reverse the Consequences of Aging by Testosterone Treatment | 344 | ||
| Conclusions | 347 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 347 | ||
| References | 348.e1 | ||
| PART 2 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY\rAND THERAPY\r | 349 | ||
| Chapter 17 -\rDisorders of Sex Development | 351 | ||
| Introduction to Human Sex Development | 351 | ||
| 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development | 358 | ||
| 46,XX Disorders of Sex Development | 367 | ||
| General Management for Patients with DSD | 370 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 376 | ||
| References | 376.e1 | ||
| Chapter 18 - Puberty: Gonadarche and Adrenarche | 377 | ||
| Stages of Pubertal Development, Secular Trends, and Racial and Ethnic Differences | 377 | ||
| Physiology of Puberty | 380 | ||
| Disorders of Early Puberty | 392 | ||
| Approach to the Child with Precocious Pubertal Development | 401 | ||
| Disorders of Delayed Puberty | 402 | ||
| Approach to the Child with Delayed Puberty | 417 | ||
| Psychosocial Considerations for Precocious and Delayed Puberty | 420 | ||
| Conclusion | 420 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 421 | ||
| References | 421.e1 | ||
| Chapter 19 - Nutrition and Reproduction | 422 | ||
| Nutrition and Puberty | 423 | ||
| How Does Fat Signal the HPO Axis? | 423 | ||
| How Does Body Weight Modify Puberty and Adult Reproduction? | 425 | ||
| Adult Obesity and Reproduction | 427 | ||
| Nutrition in the Young Oncology Patient | 430 | ||
| Summary | 431 | ||
| Conclusions | 431 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 431 | ||
| References | 431.e1 | ||
| Chapter 20 - Environmental Factors and Reproduction | 432 | ||
| What Is Reproductive Environmental Health | 432 | ||
| Key Scientific Concepts | 433 | ||
| Summary and Conclusion | 438 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 438 | ||
| References | 438.e1 | ||
| Chapter 21 - Physiological and Pathophysiological Alterations of the Neuroendocrine Components of the Reproductive Axis | 439 | ||
| Hypothalamic Dysfunction | 440 | ||
| Pituitary Dysfunction | 469 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 484 | ||
| References | 485.e1 | ||
| Chapter 22 - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hyperandrogenic States | 485 | ||
| Epidemiology | 485 | ||
| Clinical Description | 486 | ||
| PCOS in Adolescence | 490 | ||
| Altered Physiology | 493 | ||
| Adrenal Function | 502 | ||
| Pathophysiological Concept | 504 | ||
| Long-Term Consequences | 506 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis | 507 | ||
| Evaluation | 508 | ||
| Treatment | 509 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 511 | ||
| References | 511.e1 | ||
| Chapter 23 - Female Infertility | 512 | ||
| A Statistical Model of Infertility | 512 | ||
| Diseases Associated with Infertility | 513 | ||
| The Initial Infertility Evaluation | 514 | ||
| Abnormalities in Oocyte Production | 516 | ||
| Hyperprolactinemia | 525 | ||
| Anatomical Factors in the Female | 527 | ||
| Immunological Factors and Recurrent Abortion | 531 | ||
| Genetic Causes of Infertility | 531 | ||
| Unexplained Infertility | 532 | ||
| Environmental Exposures Associated With Infertility | 536 | ||
| Contraindications to Infertility Treatment | 536 | ||
| Infertility Treatment and Pregnancy Outcomes | 536 | ||
| Adoption | 537 | ||
| Psychosocial Aspects of Infertility | 537 | ||
| Social and Ethical Issues | 537 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 537 | ||
| References | 537.e1 | ||
| Chapter 24 - Male Infertility | 538 | ||
| The Male History and Physical Examination | 538 | ||
| Treatment of Male Infertility | 543 | ||
| Advances in Identifying Genes Involved in Male Infertility | 549 | ||
| Conclusions | 550 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 550 | ||
| References | 550.e1 | ||
| Chapter 25 - Endocrine Disturbances Affecting Reproduction | 551 | ||
| Pituitary Disorders | 551 | ||
| Adrenal Disorders | 556 | ||
| Thyroid Disorders | 560 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 564 | ||
| References | 564.e1 | ||
| Chapter 26 - Endometriosis | 565 | ||
| History and Histogenesis | 565 | ||
| Epidemiology | 566 | ||
| Genomics, Genetics, and Epigenetics | 567 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 569 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 573 | ||
| Lesion Establishment (Adhesion, Proteolysis, Invasion) | 575 | ||
| Possible Mechanisms of Endometriosis-Associated Infertility | 579 | ||
| Endometriosis and Genital Tract Carcinoma | 580 | ||
| Treatment | 580 | ||
| Medical Therapy for Pain Associated with Endometriosis | 581 | ||
| Summary | 584 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 584 | ||
| References | 585.e1 | ||
| Chapter 27 - Benign Uterine Diseases | 586 | ||
| Uterine Leiomyomata | 586 | ||
| Adenomyosis | 596 | ||
| Endometrial Polyps | 598 | ||
| Abnormal Uterine Bleeding | 599 | ||
| Intrauterine Adhesions | 600 | ||
| Dysmenorrhea | 602 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 603 | ||
| References | 603.e1 | ||
| Chapter 28 - Endocrine Diseases of Pregnancy | 604 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 604 | ||
| Obesity and Pregnancy | 617 | ||
| Hypothalamic-Pituitary Diseases | 619 | ||
| Disorders of Thyroid Function | 624 | ||
| Disorders of Calcium Metabolism | 633 | ||
| Adrenal Diseases | 634 | ||
| Ovarian Endocrine Tumors | 638 | ||
| Preeclampsia | 639 | ||
| Parturition | 644 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 650 | ||
| References | 650.e1 | ||
| Chapter 29 - Hormone Responsive Cancers | 651 | ||
| Breast Cancer | 651 | ||
| Decreasing Breast Cancer Incidence in the United States | 659 | ||
| Prevention of Breast Cancer | 661 | ||
| Treatment of Established Breast Cancers | 664 | ||
| Hormonal Therapies for Breast Cancer | 667 | ||
| Long-Term Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors | 675 | ||
| Breast Cancer in Men | 675 | ||
| Prostate Cancer | 676 | ||
| Locally Advanced or Metastatic Disease | 685 | ||
| Endometrial Carcinoma | 690 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 698 | ||
| Supplemental Table References | 698.e1 | ||
| References | 698.e2 | ||
| Chapter 30 - Medical Approaches to Ovarian Stimulation for Infertility | 701 | ||
| Induction of Ovulation in Anovulatory Women | 708 | ||
| Ovarian Stimulation for in Vitro Fertilization | 720 | ||
| Toward Individualized Treatment Algorithms | 728 | ||
| Health Economics of Ovarian Stimulation | 731 | ||
| Conclusions and Future Perspective | 732 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 733 | ||
| References | 733.e1 | ||
| PART 3 - REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES\r | 699 | ||
| Chapter 31 - Assisted Reproduction | 734 | ||
| The Gametes | 735 | ||
| Fertilization | 738 | ||
| The Early Conceptus and Implantation | 739 | ||
| In Vitro Fertilization: Clinical and Laboratory Aspects | 740 | ||
| Concluding Remarks | 772 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 772 | ||
| References | 773.e1 | ||
| Chapter 32 - Gamete and Embryo Manipulation | 774 | ||
| Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection | 774 | ||
| Assisted Hatching | 782 | ||
| Embryo Biopsy | 784 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 790 | ||
| References | 790.e1 | ||
| Chapter 33 - Fertility Preservation | 791 | ||
| Reproductive Dysfunction as a Result of Cancer or Its Treatment | 792 | ||
| Oncofertility Medical Management | 796 | ||
| Investigational Methods and Basic Science | 808 | ||
| Oncofertility Patient Management | 813 | ||
| An Example of Integrated Care Network: The National Physicians Cooperative | 815 | ||
| The Fertility Preservation Patient Navigator | 815 | ||
| Decision Aids and Patient and Provider Information | 815 | ||
| Advocacy | 816 | ||
| Establishing an Oncofertility Program | 817 | ||
| Special Cases in Fertility Preservation | 817 | ||
| Legal and Ethical Issues Surrounding Fertility Preservation | 819 | ||
| Summary and Outlook | 820 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 820 | ||
| Funding | 820 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 821 | ||
| References | 821.e2 | ||
| Chapter 34 - Laboratory Assessment | 822 | ||
| Immunoassays | 822 | ||
| Measurement of Specific Reproductive Protein and Peptide Hormones | 829 | ||
| Measurement of Sex Steroid Hormones | 834 | ||
| Assessment of Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Activity | 839 | ||
| Measurement of Adipose Tissue Hormones | 841 | ||
| Measurement of Growth Hormone and Growth Factors | 842 | ||
| Measurement of Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Bone Markers | 843 | ||
| Measurement and Blood Levels of Thyroid Hormones | 844 | ||
| Evaluation of Glucocorticoids and Adrenal Function | 845 | ||
| Diagnostic Procedure in Suspected Pituitary Tumors | 846 | ||
| Pelvic Imaging Evaluation | 848 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 849 | ||
| References | 850.e1 | ||
| Chapter 35 - Pelvic Imaging in Reproductive Endocrinology | 851 | ||
| Vaginal Ultrasound and In Vitro Fertilization | 851 | ||
| Functional Pelvic Imaging in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility | 852 | ||
| Ovaries | 872 | ||
| Contrast Imaging of the Fallopian Tubes | 883 | ||
| Endometriosis | 886 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 889 | ||
| References | 889.e1 | ||
| Chapter 36 - Contraception | 890 | ||
| Contraceptive Effectiveness versus Efficacy | 890 | ||
| Intrauterine Contraception | 890 | ||
| Steroid Contraceptives | 894 | ||
| Spermicides and Barrier Methods | 904 | ||
| Microbicides | 904 | ||
| Barrier Methods | 904 | ||
| Contraception in Women of Special Subpopulations | 906 | ||
| Noncontraceptive Benefits of Hormonal Contraception | 906 | ||
| Suggested Readings | 907 | ||
| References | 908.e1 | ||
| Index | 909 |